{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2022:LNU3TJSFAXDNOUARRJCZL4TEBH","short_pith_number":"pith:LNU3TJSF","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"5b69b9a64505c6d750118a4595f26409eb606d10751bec6cf2dd228a6cb4678d","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2209.10454","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Large N algebras and generalized entropy","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["gr-qc"],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"Edward Witten, Geoff Penington, Venkatesa Chandrasekaran","submitted_at":"2022-09-21T15:58:21Z","abstract_excerpt":"We construct a Type II$_\\infty$ von Neumann algebra that describes the large $N$ physics of single-trace operators in AdS/CFT in the microcanonical ensemble, where there is no need to include perturbative $1/N$ corrections. Using only the extrapolate dictionary, we show that the entropy of semiclassical states on this algebra is holographically dual to the generalized entropy of the black hole bifurcation surface. From a boundary perspective, this constitutes a derivation of a special case of the QES prescription without any use of Euclidean gravity or replicas; from a purely bulk perspective,"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2209.10454","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2022-09-21T15:58:21Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc"],"title_canon_sha256":"89539968f3f517a53f59032f370a4f1d7e9b1beee4a620e102c576351e0597d2","abstract_canon_sha256":"e4ae885818c30d975853bdcb956b783a294d1ba1e0fe2e9f25cedf5a4ba77309"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:01:59.830416Z","signature_b64":"BILwit64MlPMiTC3EM34Kq/vpC/BOcmEdXppMxg3hxY4eK6ghJ6NA4GyC/xmS77+bKAiiOR1FmI00B+mEcCCAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5b69b9a64505c6d750118a4595f26409eb606d10751bec6cf2dd228a6cb4678d","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:01:59.829841Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:01:59.829841Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Large N algebras and generalized entropy","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["gr-qc"],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"Edward Witten, Geoff Penington, Venkatesa Chandrasekaran","submitted_at":"2022-09-21T15:58:21Z","abstract_excerpt":"We construct a Type II$_\\infty$ von Neumann algebra that describes the large $N$ physics of single-trace operators in AdS/CFT in the microcanonical ensemble, where there is no need to include perturbative $1/N$ corrections. Using only the extrapolate dictionary, we show that the entropy of semiclassical states on this algebra is holographically dual to the generalized entropy of the black hole bifurcation surface. From a boundary perspective, this constitutes a derivation of a special case of the QES prescription without any use of Euclidean gravity or replicas; from a purely bulk perspective,"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2209.10454","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2209.10454/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2209.10454","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:01:59.829908+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2209.10454v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:01:59.829908+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2209.10454","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:01:59.829908+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LNU3TJSFAXDN","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:01:59.829908+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LNU3TJSFAXDNOUAR","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:01:59.829908+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LNU3TJSF","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:01:59.829908+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":23,"internal_anchor_count":3,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2607.07785","citing_title":"Quantization of Gravity on Null Hypersurfaces","ref_index":71,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2607.07799","citing_title":"No off-diagonal quantum focusing for R\\'enyi divergences","ref_index":12,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2607.08737","citing_title":"The mini-Page Curve in Cosmology","ref_index":43,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2606.10924","citing_title":"Spacetime from Operator Algebras","ref_index":27,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2606.06404","citing_title":"Smooth horizons from topology change in canonical quantum gravity","ref_index":48,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.13956","citing_title":"q-Askey Deformations of Double-Scaled SYK","ref_index":89,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.26077","citing_title":"On Perturbatively Dressed Observables","ref_index":5,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.30423","citing_title":"Spectral Admissibility of Real Observers in Euclidean de Sitter Gravity","ref_index":32,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2403.09021","citing_title":"Von Neumann Algebras in Double-Scaled SYK","ref_index":76,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.15272","citing_title":"A general proof of integer R\\'enyi QNEC","ref_index":60,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2507.20983","citing_title":"Fiducial observers and the thermal atmosphere in the black hole quantum throat","ref_index":11,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2508.13283","citing_title":"Algebraic traversable wormholes","ref_index":8,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2509.01458","citing_title":"Quantum reference frames for spacetime symmetries and large gauge transformations","ref_index":29,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2509.05052","citing_title":"Semi-classical spacetime thermodynamics","ref_index":33,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2510.20902","citing_title":"Searching for emergent spacetime in spin glasses","ref_index":63,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2511.01978","citing_title":"Single-Sided Black Holes in Double-Scaled SYK Model and No Man's Island","ref_index":26,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2511.03779","citing_title":"Cosmological Entanglement Entropy from the von Neumann Algebra of Double-Scaled SYK & Its Connection with Krylov Complexity","ref_index":140,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2512.11754","citing_title":"Modular Witten Diagrams and Quantum Extremality","ref_index":12,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2512.10101","citing_title":"The von Neumann algebraic quantum group $\\mathrm{SU}_q(1,1)\\rtimes \\mathbb{Z}_2$ and the DSSYK model","ref_index":8,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2602.06113","citing_title":"Deforming the Double-Scaled SYK & Reaching the Stretched Horizon From Finite Cutoff Holography","ref_index":211,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.13956","citing_title":"q-Askey Deformations of Double-Scaled SYK","ref_index":89,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2603.25990","citing_title":"Implication of dressed form of relational observable on von Neumann algebra","ref_index":63,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.13576","citing_title":"Semiclassical algebraic reconstruction for type III algebras","ref_index":19,"is_internal_anchor":false}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/LNU3TJSFAXDNOUARRJCZL4TEBH","json":"https://pith.science/pith/LNU3TJSFAXDNOUARRJCZL4TEBH.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/LNU3TJSFAXDNOUARRJCZL4TEBH/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/LNU3TJSFAXDNOUARRJCZL4TEBH/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/LNU3TJSF"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/LNU3TJSFAXDNOUARRJCZL4TEBH","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/LNU3TJSFAXDNOUARRJCZL4TEBH.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/LNU3TJSF","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2209.10454&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/LNU3TJSFAXDNOUARRJCZL4TEBH/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/LNU3TJSFAXDNOUARRJCZL4TEBH/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/LNU3TJSFAXDNOUARRJCZL4TEBH/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/LNU3TJSFAXDNOUARRJCZL4TEBH/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/LNU3TJSFAXDNOUARRJCZL4TEBH/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/LNU3TJSFAXDNOUARRJCZL4TEBH/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/LNU3TJSFAXDNOUARRJCZL4TEBH/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:01:59.829908+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T06:01:59.829908+00:00"}