{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:LQ7LCRROGXO4SHH2NKV4NLNWBN","short_pith_number":"pith:LQ7LCRRO","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1803.04307","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-03-12T15:22:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f1ec979b33fe23ff8db0d1ed9d67d18ad076b189601d34b7ee4b8f393bf743c9","abstract_canon_sha256":"3975414271500599be04131eb9c2c92599868160295b56d38b40f2edb8fd340e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5c3eb1462e35ddc91cfa6aabc6adb60b7bf48fea4f1992dce20cb2a439ee7312","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1803.04307","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1803.04307","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1803.04307v3","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1803.04307","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LQ7LCRROGXO4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LQ7LCRROGXO4SHH2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LQ7LCRRO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:LQ7LCRROGXO4SHH2NKV4NLNWBN","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1803.04307","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-03-12T15:22:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f1ec979b33fe23ff8db0d1ed9d67d18ad076b189601d34b7ee4b8f393bf743c9","abstract_canon_sha256":"3975414271500599be04131eb9c2c92599868160295b56d38b40f2edb8fd340e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5c3eb1462e35ddc91cfa6aabc6adb60b7bf48fea4f1992dce20cb2a439ee7312","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:43.981348Z","signature_b64":"TSiYeTxOT7MupVFNuf6mzPb40T4CZd6VIDR+HxTe8YHvoFR4tcS+IPEDLZ5mOEOsle8B+URQdNgmxA8WcvHNBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5c3eb1462e35ddc91cfa6aabc6adb60b7bf48fea4f1992dce20cb2a439ee7312","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:43.980895Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:43.980895Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1803.04307","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:43Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"5JBWWULS77TEwHT9GSWEyv7XLP1LlJIyBq2ldUMNdYL+/r0vfA8OdZ6IXstwfnO8u4dN22GNX+4DJHM34k5uDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T06:47:17.041287Z"},"content_sha256":"6c2b6f35c155f51ee19f68e02a052913f07f427766a66ea7ff82c68434ca3784","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6c2b6f35c155f51ee19f68e02a052913f07f427766a66ea7ff82c68434ca3784"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:LQ7LCRROGXO4SHH2NKV4NLNWBN","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Everlasting Database: Statistical Validity at a Fair Price","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Blake Woodworth, Nathan Srebro, Saharon Rosset, Vitaly Feldman","submitted_at":"2018-03-12T15:22:55Z","abstract_excerpt":"The problem of handling adaptivity in data analysis, intentional or not, permeates a variety of fields, including test-set overfitting in ML challenges and the accumulation of invalid scientific discoveries. We propose a mechanism for answering an arbitrarily long sequence of potentially adaptive statistical queries, by charging a price for each query and using the proceeds to collect additional samples. Crucially, we guarantee statistical validity without any assumptions on how the queries are generated. We also ensure with high probability that the cost for $M$ non-adaptive queries is $O(\\lo"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1803.04307","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:43Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"1vLVMNVhnKGHFAgYa/5Q/oDd0XdL4qzpY54MQURF28DB2wiImbkBnAbq4s/H3mEbC61I1LeOGx1bBP58fv1hDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T06:47:17.041659Z"},"content_sha256":"f41c0a06c779490301068339a4de0b99421968285b07105789b46038737e5bbc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f41c0a06c779490301068339a4de0b99421968285b07105789b46038737e5bbc"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LQ7LCRROGXO4SHH2NKV4NLNWBN/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LQ7LCRROGXO4SHH2NKV4NLNWBN/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LQ7LCRROGXO4SHH2NKV4NLNWBN/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T06:47:17Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/LQ7LCRROGXO4SHH2NKV4NLNWBN","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/LQ7LCRROGXO4SHH2NKV4NLNWBN/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/LQ7LCRROGXO4SHH2NKV4NLNWBN/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LQ7LCRROGXO4SHH2NKV4NLNWBN/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:LQ7LCRROGXO4SHH2NKV4NLNWBN","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3975414271500599be04131eb9c2c92599868160295b56d38b40f2edb8fd340e","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-03-12T15:22:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"f1ec979b33fe23ff8db0d1ed9d67d18ad076b189601d34b7ee4b8f393bf743c9"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1803.04307","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1803.04307","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1803.04307v3","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1803.04307","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LQ7LCRROGXO4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LQ7LCRROGXO4SHH2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LQ7LCRRO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f41c0a06c779490301068339a4de0b99421968285b07105789b46038737e5bbc","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:43Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The problem of handling adaptivity in data analysis, intentional or not, permeates a variety of fields, including test-set overfitting in ML challenges and the accumulation of invalid scientific discoveries. We propose a mechanism for answering an arbitrarily long sequence of potentially adaptive statistical queries, by charging a price for each query and using the proceeds to collect additional samples. Crucially, we guarantee statistical validity without any assumptions on how the queries are generated. We also ensure with high probability that the cost for $M$ non-adaptive queries is $O(\\lo","authors_text":"Blake Woodworth, Nathan Srebro, Saharon Rosset, Vitaly Feldman","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-03-12T15:22:55Z","title":"The Everlasting Database: Statistical Validity at a Fair Price"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1803.04307","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:6c2b6f35c155f51ee19f68e02a052913f07f427766a66ea7ff82c68434ca3784","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:43Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3975414271500599be04131eb9c2c92599868160295b56d38b40f2edb8fd340e","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-03-12T15:22:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"f1ec979b33fe23ff8db0d1ed9d67d18ad076b189601d34b7ee4b8f393bf743c9"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1803.04307","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"5c3eb1462e35ddc91cfa6aabc6adb60b7bf48fea4f1992dce20cb2a439ee7312","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"5c3eb1462e35ddc91cfa6aabc6adb60b7bf48fea4f1992dce20cb2a439ee7312","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:43.980895Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:43.980895Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"TSiYeTxOT7MupVFNuf6mzPb40T4CZd6VIDR+HxTe8YHvoFR4tcS+IPEDLZ5mOEOsle8B+URQdNgmxA8WcvHNBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:49:43.981348Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1803.04307","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:6c2b6f35c155f51ee19f68e02a052913f07f427766a66ea7ff82c68434ca3784","sha256:f41c0a06c779490301068339a4de0b99421968285b07105789b46038737e5bbc"],"state_sha256":"d622a5bdba7a6862cd47fc7fa69310c75fc530a7bcd1de8d93656c93f073493b"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"NMe3xhOEayakC/vpgON9AdyPpUkRXFGTZVDYJenyeN5A6Bx+lf8dw5uCmWXFBuaxg3vBUQs/9Zr3ovAs+o+SBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T06:47:17.043727Z","bundle_sha256":"66fc7293030d19aa6dd56bf2adea0536bd89bc3e3ec51b2888f963119a0cf45a"}}