{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:LSM5F7AQSMMOFI6FWGYIYPTEJB","short_pith_number":"pith:LSM5F7AQ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1504.07013","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2015-04-27T10:20:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"title_canon_sha256":"dc2c589acf99eab85b7c6e64f0214253f49e5354d94c91ab65d013bc771620bd","abstract_canon_sha256":"48c3cd555b6ef08b661fba3e1eaa77b0c7b0e654e3c4fa84acb97198e4ec58d1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5c99d2fc109318e2a3c5b1b08c3e64486bb156079e6570009aa987b1cf4ae799","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1504.07013","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1504.07013","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:55:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1504.07013v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:55:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1504.07013","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:55:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LSM5F7AQSMMO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LSM5F7AQSMMOFI6F","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LSM5F7AQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:29Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:LSM5F7AQSMMOFI6FWGYIYPTEJB","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1504.07013","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2015-04-27T10:20:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"title_canon_sha256":"dc2c589acf99eab85b7c6e64f0214253f49e5354d94c91ab65d013bc771620bd","abstract_canon_sha256":"48c3cd555b6ef08b661fba3e1eaa77b0c7b0e654e3c4fa84acb97198e4ec58d1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5c99d2fc109318e2a3c5b1b08c3e64486bb156079e6570009aa987b1cf4ae799","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:55:00.696496Z","signature_b64":"bYH9vv6S/U2CEWiM8izPr23wiMTaSX4g6mH5ciS0iLI/hqGt/06smyLl1RU/54UaAJhfT0Jufs38ahusuOxcBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5c99d2fc109318e2a3c5b1b08c3e64486bb156079e6570009aa987b1cf4ae799","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:55:00.695897Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:55:00.695897Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1504.07013","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:55:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"TTrLtZ3kX6Xb0Nbc5hzYKXJ/NnJmEZ8O4sFcr6aenj9OwRqg6/UDRVGYbhxjdSt0X9jNnCbnTPt7xeot7svVDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T05:08:44.475859Z"},"content_sha256":"3406b1cde75af0ecef15638668a4c96ad8a19d1d38e76d93bacc913b00bd0bba","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3406b1cde75af0ecef15638668a4c96ad8a19d1d38e76d93bacc913b00bd0bba"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:LSM5F7AQSMMOFI6FWGYIYPTEJB","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Optical orientation of electron spins and valence band spectroscopy in germanium","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","authors_text":"Andrea Balocchi, Elisa Vitiello, Fabio Pezzoli, Thierry Amand, Xavier Marie","submitted_at":"2015-04-27T10:20:20Z","abstract_excerpt":"We have investigated optical orientation in the vicinity of the direct gap of bulk germanium. The electron spin polarization is studied via polarization-resolved photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy unfolding the interplay between doping and ultrafast electron transfer from the center of the Brillouin zone towards its edge. As a result, the direct-gap photoluminescence circular polarisation can vary from 30% to -60% when the excitation laser energy increases. This study provides also simultaneous access to the resonant electronic Raman scattering due to inter-valence band excitations of s"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1504.07013","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:55:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"veShnfldqHQJKQCTXVaYLOMXRoiag76UbSzVkSM2/25HFeC58qzWj9fWAICaxOEempUdphwN8Cz6aDSuMaQKDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T05:08:44.476529Z"},"content_sha256":"941ffb9dd7ce939b921d64279b6a57e98ca195f01823507b0fb8be974b27ee23","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:941ffb9dd7ce939b921d64279b6a57e98ca195f01823507b0fb8be974b27ee23"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LSM5F7AQSMMOFI6FWGYIYPTEJB/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LSM5F7AQSMMOFI6FWGYIYPTEJB/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LSM5F7AQSMMOFI6FWGYIYPTEJB/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-25T05:08:44Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/LSM5F7AQSMMOFI6FWGYIYPTEJB","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/LSM5F7AQSMMOFI6FWGYIYPTEJB/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/LSM5F7AQSMMOFI6FWGYIYPTEJB/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LSM5F7AQSMMOFI6FWGYIYPTEJB/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:LSM5F7AQSMMOFI6FWGYIYPTEJB","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"48c3cd555b6ef08b661fba3e1eaa77b0c7b0e654e3c4fa84acb97198e4ec58d1","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2015-04-27T10:20:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"dc2c589acf99eab85b7c6e64f0214253f49e5354d94c91ab65d013bc771620bd"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1504.07013","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1504.07013","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:55:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1504.07013v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:55:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1504.07013","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:55:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LSM5F7AQSMMO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LSM5F7AQSMMOFI6F","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LSM5F7AQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:29Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:941ffb9dd7ce939b921d64279b6a57e98ca195f01823507b0fb8be974b27ee23","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:55:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We have investigated optical orientation in the vicinity of the direct gap of bulk germanium. The electron spin polarization is studied via polarization-resolved photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy unfolding the interplay between doping and ultrafast electron transfer from the center of the Brillouin zone towards its edge. As a result, the direct-gap photoluminescence circular polarisation can vary from 30% to -60% when the excitation laser energy increases. This study provides also simultaneous access to the resonant electronic Raman scattering due to inter-valence band excitations of s","authors_text":"Andrea Balocchi, Elisa Vitiello, Fabio Pezzoli, Thierry Amand, Xavier Marie","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2015-04-27T10:20:20Z","title":"Optical orientation of electron spins and valence band spectroscopy in germanium"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1504.07013","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3406b1cde75af0ecef15638668a4c96ad8a19d1d38e76d93bacc913b00bd0bba","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:55:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"48c3cd555b6ef08b661fba3e1eaa77b0c7b0e654e3c4fa84acb97198e4ec58d1","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2015-04-27T10:20:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"dc2c589acf99eab85b7c6e64f0214253f49e5354d94c91ab65d013bc771620bd"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1504.07013","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"5c99d2fc109318e2a3c5b1b08c3e64486bb156079e6570009aa987b1cf4ae799","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"5c99d2fc109318e2a3c5b1b08c3e64486bb156079e6570009aa987b1cf4ae799","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:55:00.695897Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:55:00.695897Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"bYH9vv6S/U2CEWiM8izPr23wiMTaSX4g6mH5ciS0iLI/hqGt/06smyLl1RU/54UaAJhfT0Jufs38ahusuOxcBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:55:00.696496Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1504.07013","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3406b1cde75af0ecef15638668a4c96ad8a19d1d38e76d93bacc913b00bd0bba","sha256:941ffb9dd7ce939b921d64279b6a57e98ca195f01823507b0fb8be974b27ee23"],"state_sha256":"aedfcdb92cfea2a8651c8024139676e6f12e69eee92224e5e8f28b364cc1b06a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"exWtbyxRNYFm+1kyxxrSLH1PRn1TIkOH6b1gF9ANSFfYThqIPj0jFuZzeRE5+ULP40ijR6ZQPF9CV3GHhEhTAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T05:08:44.480066Z","bundle_sha256":"61a5cbcfd8ee5cf5bcc9a2e915983c87ffd845ba56a7388f7ea611e4c83bda7e"}}