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Recurrent configurations form a finite abelian group, and repeated grain addition at a specific site generates deterministic dynamics on this group. Using Dhar's formulation, the sandpile group is identified with the co-kernel of the reduced directed Laplacian. 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Recurrent configurations form a finite abelian group, and repeated grain addition at a specific site generates deterministic dynamics on this group. Using Dhar's formulation, the sandpile group is identified with the co-kernel of the reduced directed Laplacian. 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