{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:LTJKIQ6UYK6DFKPUBOSSTUHFQV","short_pith_number":"pith:LTJKIQ6U","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2109.01489","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-09-03T13:06:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"fd9ea2c96b5af89d2862c043c084cf61bb303899a0eb27033ea2a1dfea29a0ea","abstract_canon_sha256":"874f6cd55b7eb93f1056f2e882fb0c21b74efdbcdf88dffb42e9376e61ddbe01"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5cd2a443d4c2bc32a9f40ba529d0e585460f6e23c9e6c6d39bf6d2d0c4ddf9df","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2109.01489","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2109.01489","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:32:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2109.01489v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:32:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2109.01489","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:32:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LTJKIQ6UYK6D","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:32:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LTJKIQ6UYK6DFKPU","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:32:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LTJKIQ6U","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:32:11Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:LTJKIQ6UYK6DFKPUBOSSTUHFQV","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2109.01489","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-09-03T13:06:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"fd9ea2c96b5af89d2862c043c084cf61bb303899a0eb27033ea2a1dfea29a0ea","abstract_canon_sha256":"874f6cd55b7eb93f1056f2e882fb0c21b74efdbcdf88dffb42e9376e61ddbe01"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5cd2a443d4c2bc32a9f40ba529d0e585460f6e23c9e6c6d39bf6d2d0c4ddf9df","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:32:11.960948Z","signature_b64":"fV1LVhawY6xzCUGFDL3OGlkwgpxi4b8r3dt6h/2Rv6bgdbm7JReN6/T7txcwBKWXz7GPuUUFaEEeiLL7GdSTAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5cd2a443d4c2bc32a9f40ba529d0e585460f6e23c9e6c6d39bf6d2d0c4ddf9df","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:32:11.960446Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:32:11.960446Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2109.01489","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:32:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vxVuJr4LuO8ysok8MKt8jhPGrhP5QU2E2Xj3vp529t4wELuStd37UvGg+41pnPwCxB2WuQrDnFDH/zmQwv/eCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-02T15:38:33.323802Z"},"content_sha256":"6f47fa8456ee45f3f7e0a851c7ce7d8eb361877b0913f7c8bde9eb185d2a595a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6f47fa8456ee45f3f7e0a851c7ce7d8eb361877b0913f7c8bde9eb185d2a595a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:LTJKIQ6UYK6DFKPUBOSSTUHFQV","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The importance of black hole repositioning for galaxy formation simulations","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"(2) University of Durham, 3), (3) Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Evgenii Chaikin (1), Folkert Nobels (1), Joop Schaye (1), Josh Borrow (2, Matthieu Schaller (1), Richard G. Bower (2), Roi Kugel (1), Sylvia Ploeckinger (1) ((1) Leiden University, Yannick M. Bah\\'e (1)","submitted_at":"2021-09-03T13:06:10Z","abstract_excerpt":"Active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback from accreting supermassive black holes (SMBHs) is an essential ingredient of galaxy formation simulations. The orbital evolution of SMBHs is affected by dynamical friction that cannot be predicted self-consistently by contemporary simulations of galaxy formation in representative volumes. Instead, such simulations typically use a simple \"repositioning\" of SMBHs, but the effects of this approach on SMBH and galaxy properties have not yet been investigated systematically. Based on a suite of smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations with the SWIFT code a"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2109.01489","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2109.01489/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:32:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"aSgsi2ZGkJWf0AR/UJI8qmWUr9zZY1amF6mshS6y4H6zDQU/aL0SUNjMZVPtvMhmuyqpHoTYrVAeggIqFLwPDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-02T15:38:33.324406Z"},"content_sha256":"4af65299571468730c91cf61581f35f3dc2e5f9994557c7e429f746d1b49181c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4af65299571468730c91cf61581f35f3dc2e5f9994557c7e429f746d1b49181c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LTJKIQ6UYK6DFKPUBOSSTUHFQV/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LTJKIQ6UYK6DFKPUBOSSTUHFQV/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LTJKIQ6UYK6DFKPUBOSSTUHFQV/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-02T15:38:33Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/LTJKIQ6UYK6DFKPUBOSSTUHFQV","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/LTJKIQ6UYK6DFKPUBOSSTUHFQV/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/LTJKIQ6UYK6DFKPUBOSSTUHFQV/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LTJKIQ6UYK6DFKPUBOSSTUHFQV/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:LTJKIQ6UYK6DFKPUBOSSTUHFQV","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"874f6cd55b7eb93f1056f2e882fb0c21b74efdbcdf88dffb42e9376e61ddbe01","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-09-03T13:06:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"fd9ea2c96b5af89d2862c043c084cf61bb303899a0eb27033ea2a1dfea29a0ea"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2109.01489","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2109.01489","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:32:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2109.01489v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:32:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2109.01489","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:32:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LTJKIQ6UYK6D","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:32:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LTJKIQ6UYK6DFKPU","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:32:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LTJKIQ6U","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:32:11Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:4af65299571468730c91cf61581f35f3dc2e5f9994557c7e429f746d1b49181c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:32:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2109.01489/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback from accreting supermassive black holes (SMBHs) is an essential ingredient of galaxy formation simulations. The orbital evolution of SMBHs is affected by dynamical friction that cannot be predicted self-consistently by contemporary simulations of galaxy formation in representative volumes. Instead, such simulations typically use a simple \"repositioning\" of SMBHs, but the effects of this approach on SMBH and galaxy properties have not yet been investigated systematically. Based on a suite of smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations with the SWIFT code a","authors_text":"(2) University of Durham, 3), (3) Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Evgenii Chaikin (1), Folkert Nobels (1), Joop Schaye (1), Josh Borrow (2, Matthieu Schaller (1), Richard G. Bower (2), Roi Kugel (1), Sylvia Ploeckinger (1) ((1) Leiden University, Yannick M. Bah\\'e (1)","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-09-03T13:06:10Z","title":"The importance of black hole repositioning for galaxy formation simulations"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2109.01489","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:6f47fa8456ee45f3f7e0a851c7ce7d8eb361877b0913f7c8bde9eb185d2a595a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:32:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"874f6cd55b7eb93f1056f2e882fb0c21b74efdbcdf88dffb42e9376e61ddbe01","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-09-03T13:06:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"fd9ea2c96b5af89d2862c043c084cf61bb303899a0eb27033ea2a1dfea29a0ea"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2109.01489","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"5cd2a443d4c2bc32a9f40ba529d0e585460f6e23c9e6c6d39bf6d2d0c4ddf9df","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"5cd2a443d4c2bc32a9f40ba529d0e585460f6e23c9e6c6d39bf6d2d0c4ddf9df","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:32:11.960446Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:32:11.960446Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"fV1LVhawY6xzCUGFDL3OGlkwgpxi4b8r3dt6h/2Rv6bgdbm7JReN6/T7txcwBKWXz7GPuUUFaEEeiLL7GdSTAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:32:11.960948Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2109.01489","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:6f47fa8456ee45f3f7e0a851c7ce7d8eb361877b0913f7c8bde9eb185d2a595a","sha256:4af65299571468730c91cf61581f35f3dc2e5f9994557c7e429f746d1b49181c"],"state_sha256":"580efe4897a4e2d0bac46f4dfe933841b3cbdf4f2a2899256980fb473522bba7"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"pqSiZAWK28vCyT0wY3OHejzx+ym6/ZS6bxPb3qNeupskaXbROinjyemxeict3dJfOIdssbkaKJG0dh7iNtchDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-02T15:38:33.329592Z","bundle_sha256":"8bac336690a77c987909990ecd1c98459832daff86ab6c3c88f1690e3863eec7"}}