{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:LVUL4F5LWC2PO4CT5UXWZZES6C","short_pith_number":"pith:LVUL4F5L","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1808.06768","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SY","submitted_at":"2018-08-21T04:57:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.SP"],"title_canon_sha256":"b04e2a1b1a1e975b1b10c81128f7faf9960b34a2239e7957b8ec5125f45d0229","abstract_canon_sha256":"a62800013269f02d0317d557c1c48173900fea324c57da03f5df6dc4b21988b2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5d68be17abb0b4f77053ed2f6ce492f0b2b6445105c670617ef0697bcd3dc8db","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1808.06768","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1808.06768","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1808.06768v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1808.06768","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LVUL4F5LWC2P","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LVUL4F5LWC2PO4CT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LVUL4F5L","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:LVUL4F5LWC2PO4CT5UXWZZES6C","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1808.06768","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SY","submitted_at":"2018-08-21T04:57:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.SP"],"title_canon_sha256":"b04e2a1b1a1e975b1b10c81128f7faf9960b34a2239e7957b8ec5125f45d0229","abstract_canon_sha256":"a62800013269f02d0317d557c1c48173900fea324c57da03f5df6dc4b21988b2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5d68be17abb0b4f77053ed2f6ce492f0b2b6445105c670617ef0697bcd3dc8db","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:39.127538Z","signature_b64":"fmNEB3M15/S6JRMZoKYm+2O0Kh9Yls+eOVOSApipHqAlziDQ+M3l0WljRrd5vunsB/Qt1N1BlZOUl00BbIeUCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5d68be17abb0b4f77053ed2f6ce492f0b2b6445105c670617ef0697bcd3dc8db","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:39.126840Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:39.126840Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1808.06768","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:39Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"VFR8vDvLTOVxwgiUYl5ZAOTDCtM0djKGHIoWH/3ZaaSkCqUuMXpOGNAKe1LZI20ME9i+ubAovwL0QIPIVNSxAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T15:53:07.488196Z"},"content_sha256":"1358ab269420ba706c47e1fe07735732fd6f58673df4e4b4730cef316e6c608b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1358ab269420ba706c47e1fe07735732fd6f58673df4e4b4730cef316e6c608b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:LVUL4F5LWC2PO4CT5UXWZZES6C","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Position Sensor-less and Adaptive Speed Design for Controlling Brush-less DC Motor Drives","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["eess.SP"],"primary_cat":"cs.SY","authors_text":"A. R. Sahami, M. Shafiei, S. Alavi, S. Geraee","submitted_at":"2018-08-21T04:57:31Z","abstract_excerpt":"This paper proposes a method for direct torque control of Brushless DC (BLDC) motors. Evaluating the trapezium of back-EMF is needed, and is done via a sliding mode observer employing just one measurement of stator current. The effect of the proposed estimation algorithm is reducing the impact of switching noise and consequently eliminating the required filter. Furthermore, to overcome the uncertainties related to BLDC motors, Recursive Least Square (RLS) is regarded as a real-time estimator of inertia and viscous damping coefficients of the BLDC motor. By substituting the estimated load torqu"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1808.06768","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:39Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"cygl1cWff7omnWo7g0y+kGvLWhoxDIh958DSaa4TSDkA1imOlKg1TlDzyzdgSVJJNL7JmK4ht6ziYSbgIxFmAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T15:53:07.488548Z"},"content_sha256":"3862fd837d17d7e46da22d4285d21fb4e286c6f0c18e1509830ceb1a4b4ad9cc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3862fd837d17d7e46da22d4285d21fb4e286c6f0c18e1509830ceb1a4b4ad9cc"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LVUL4F5LWC2PO4CT5UXWZZES6C/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LVUL4F5LWC2PO4CT5UXWZZES6C/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LVUL4F5LWC2PO4CT5UXWZZES6C/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-27T15:53:07Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/LVUL4F5LWC2PO4CT5UXWZZES6C","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/LVUL4F5LWC2PO4CT5UXWZZES6C/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/LVUL4F5LWC2PO4CT5UXWZZES6C/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LVUL4F5LWC2PO4CT5UXWZZES6C/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:LVUL4F5LWC2PO4CT5UXWZZES6C","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a62800013269f02d0317d557c1c48173900fea324c57da03f5df6dc4b21988b2","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.SP"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SY","submitted_at":"2018-08-21T04:57:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"b04e2a1b1a1e975b1b10c81128f7faf9960b34a2239e7957b8ec5125f45d0229"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1808.06768","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1808.06768","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1808.06768v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1808.06768","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LVUL4F5LWC2P","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LVUL4F5LWC2PO4CT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LVUL4F5L","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:3862fd837d17d7e46da22d4285d21fb4e286c6f0c18e1509830ceb1a4b4ad9cc","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:39Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This paper proposes a method for direct torque control of Brushless DC (BLDC) motors. Evaluating the trapezium of back-EMF is needed, and is done via a sliding mode observer employing just one measurement of stator current. The effect of the proposed estimation algorithm is reducing the impact of switching noise and consequently eliminating the required filter. Furthermore, to overcome the uncertainties related to BLDC motors, Recursive Least Square (RLS) is regarded as a real-time estimator of inertia and viscous damping coefficients of the BLDC motor. By substituting the estimated load torqu","authors_text":"A. R. Sahami, M. Shafiei, S. Alavi, S. Geraee","cross_cats":["eess.SP"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SY","submitted_at":"2018-08-21T04:57:31Z","title":"Position Sensor-less and Adaptive Speed Design for Controlling Brush-less DC Motor Drives"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1808.06768","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:1358ab269420ba706c47e1fe07735732fd6f58673df4e4b4730cef316e6c608b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:39Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a62800013269f02d0317d557c1c48173900fea324c57da03f5df6dc4b21988b2","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.SP"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SY","submitted_at":"2018-08-21T04:57:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"b04e2a1b1a1e975b1b10c81128f7faf9960b34a2239e7957b8ec5125f45d0229"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1808.06768","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"5d68be17abb0b4f77053ed2f6ce492f0b2b6445105c670617ef0697bcd3dc8db","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"5d68be17abb0b4f77053ed2f6ce492f0b2b6445105c670617ef0697bcd3dc8db","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:39.126840Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:39.126840Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"fmNEB3M15/S6JRMZoKYm+2O0Kh9Yls+eOVOSApipHqAlziDQ+M3l0WljRrd5vunsB/Qt1N1BlZOUl00BbIeUCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:07:39.127538Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1808.06768","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:1358ab269420ba706c47e1fe07735732fd6f58673df4e4b4730cef316e6c608b","sha256:3862fd837d17d7e46da22d4285d21fb4e286c6f0c18e1509830ceb1a4b4ad9cc"],"state_sha256":"61233f8c87e66179df7e51f9d6ea06d720148c03cfa2134ea61791ffc0ddddae"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"NBLKGoVpgDoAJ766oqLEi1JTL7QD2kbpwW5rc42oUaQAzWhaH8Z4xwVP+FpUo7IaSqRSdGiEZaUqw9MqK2ywCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T15:53:07.490363Z","bundle_sha256":"d1006f4601cbe0178d877d925f25a7a34dbb572758cc4355db6d42e13232c509"}}