{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:LWJS3WEXKEPOPDDUETULFFFL2G","short_pith_number":"pith:LWJS3WEX","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1210.1050","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2012-10-03T09:52:50Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","gr-qc"],"title_canon_sha256":"7390fcc230f5934ce187dc3c8dfa8d56d9fe19cf395db6abac2b3f0af2336198","abstract_canon_sha256":"95d43dee22f9902d9b29b9933b33925a469d3105db5ed7ab76f3d2553042ba7f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5d932dd897511ee78c7424e8b294abd1ad7c15913fa91313be1a2a92fd3f55a3","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1210.1050","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1210.1050","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:54:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1210.1050v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:54:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1210.1050","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:54:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LWJS3WEXKEPO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LWJS3WEXKEPOPDDU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LWJS3WEX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:14Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:LWJS3WEXKEPOPDDUETULFFFL2G","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1210.1050","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2012-10-03T09:52:50Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","gr-qc"],"title_canon_sha256":"7390fcc230f5934ce187dc3c8dfa8d56d9fe19cf395db6abac2b3f0af2336198","abstract_canon_sha256":"95d43dee22f9902d9b29b9933b33925a469d3105db5ed7ab76f3d2553042ba7f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5d932dd897511ee78c7424e8b294abd1ad7c15913fa91313be1a2a92fd3f55a3","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:54:11.170800Z","signature_b64":"+VvlJuhW6WylUe6aShTB8bXYKcF3pFEJCy+oJTStIQEkK5q9JqbHe7BRStnv+SEXcpPXyUKkN9obNrurTSg7DA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5d932dd897511ee78c7424e8b294abd1ad7c15913fa91313be1a2a92fd3f55a3","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:54:11.170328Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:54:11.170328Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1210.1050","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:54:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"lK659MDZ6ay7H3FnCOdzSDzGJ3u53VtJBtUEnkfG4j57dSZ1BaFaAMuyJd7mjiA2tvep3dgzcPft/yWk15RGDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T15:48:00.750646Z"},"content_sha256":"7e3e490f2f60a09ac5ddd120c8a751f8f867f2aa5614a858e4b4e6a83860a1e5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7e3e490f2f60a09ac5ddd120c8a751f8f867f2aa5614a858e4b4e6a83860a1e5"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:LWJS3WEXKEPOPDDUETULFFFL2G","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Tidal disruption flares from stars on eccentric orbits","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO","gr-qc"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"Abraham Loeb, Kimitake Hayasaki, Nicholas Stone","submitted_at":"2012-10-03T09:52:50Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study tidal disruption and subsequent mass fallback for stars approaching supermassive black holes on bound orbits, by performing three dimensional Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics simulations with a pseudo-Newtonian potential. We find that the mass fallback rate decays with the expected -5/3 power of time for parabolic orbits, albeit with a slight deviation due to the self-gravity of the stellar debris. For eccentric orbits, however, there is a critical value of the orbital eccentricity, significantly below which all of the stellar debris is bound to the supermassive black hole. All the mas"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1210.1050","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:54:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"I4p39twcJZNGmIguhuenMeeILPN6pyi2Mk8gBaStyCDBuyIOrBoEBcJzAf0RQ+QWBLdp+1lVGYzOVYy/imQEDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T15:48:00.751297Z"},"content_sha256":"71c840ba9bef7b3adb6977300fd656acb25ad4f9baceabeef5b739f53ad19917","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:71c840ba9bef7b3adb6977300fd656acb25ad4f9baceabeef5b739f53ad19917"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LWJS3WEXKEPOPDDUETULFFFL2G/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LWJS3WEXKEPOPDDUETULFFFL2G/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LWJS3WEXKEPOPDDUETULFFFL2G/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T15:48:00Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/LWJS3WEXKEPOPDDUETULFFFL2G","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/LWJS3WEXKEPOPDDUETULFFFL2G/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/LWJS3WEXKEPOPDDUETULFFFL2G/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LWJS3WEXKEPOPDDUETULFFFL2G/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:LWJS3WEXKEPOPDDUETULFFFL2G","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"95d43dee22f9902d9b29b9933b33925a469d3105db5ed7ab76f3d2553042ba7f","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","gr-qc"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2012-10-03T09:52:50Z","title_canon_sha256":"7390fcc230f5934ce187dc3c8dfa8d56d9fe19cf395db6abac2b3f0af2336198"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1210.1050","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1210.1050","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:54:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1210.1050v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:54:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1210.1050","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:54:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LWJS3WEXKEPO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LWJS3WEXKEPOPDDU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LWJS3WEX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:14Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:71c840ba9bef7b3adb6977300fd656acb25ad4f9baceabeef5b739f53ad19917","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:54:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We study tidal disruption and subsequent mass fallback for stars approaching supermassive black holes on bound orbits, by performing three dimensional Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics simulations with a pseudo-Newtonian potential. We find that the mass fallback rate decays with the expected -5/3 power of time for parabolic orbits, albeit with a slight deviation due to the self-gravity of the stellar debris. For eccentric orbits, however, there is a critical value of the orbital eccentricity, significantly below which all of the stellar debris is bound to the supermassive black hole. All the mas","authors_text":"Abraham Loeb, Kimitake Hayasaki, Nicholas Stone","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO","gr-qc"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2012-10-03T09:52:50Z","title":"Tidal disruption flares from stars on eccentric orbits"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1210.1050","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:7e3e490f2f60a09ac5ddd120c8a751f8f867f2aa5614a858e4b4e6a83860a1e5","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:54:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"95d43dee22f9902d9b29b9933b33925a469d3105db5ed7ab76f3d2553042ba7f","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","gr-qc"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2012-10-03T09:52:50Z","title_canon_sha256":"7390fcc230f5934ce187dc3c8dfa8d56d9fe19cf395db6abac2b3f0af2336198"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1210.1050","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"5d932dd897511ee78c7424e8b294abd1ad7c15913fa91313be1a2a92fd3f55a3","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"5d932dd897511ee78c7424e8b294abd1ad7c15913fa91313be1a2a92fd3f55a3","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:54:11.170328Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:54:11.170328Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"+VvlJuhW6WylUe6aShTB8bXYKcF3pFEJCy+oJTStIQEkK5q9JqbHe7BRStnv+SEXcpPXyUKkN9obNrurTSg7DA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:54:11.170800Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1210.1050","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:7e3e490f2f60a09ac5ddd120c8a751f8f867f2aa5614a858e4b4e6a83860a1e5","sha256:71c840ba9bef7b3adb6977300fd656acb25ad4f9baceabeef5b739f53ad19917"],"state_sha256":"dd0396ad38dbe708160512f3f6614e5615e9ae752c750ed5997a5021912bbbc4"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"c482cN5KSO9OLECFWMvPGrDfgPRIevFbG7/dZyCGYKcdUTy7W33Xx/JOeS74aaE2cCxX8fraNAp6tWLqGCzGCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T15:48:00.754811Z","bundle_sha256":"52ecb9c5ae8c0d0254fd96c51ad87f80477c94eb127636869f164ed2182af41a"}}