{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:LYN6V4MAJRTZEN2NHNCZMJPXIR","short_pith_number":"pith:LYN6V4MA","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1811.12352","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2018-11-29T17:59:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"780bcfcb4bf962fafd8d3eb70ab5b6c64dd5b5e388659cd2d57a5c438da1f419","abstract_canon_sha256":"3b2cf19d036077c77b0cfef32247e5948f22b60d172582ae5ca4d2bc1b546d90"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5e1beaf1804c6792374d3b459625f744625b0e81ff8d2dfae13df208887a90eb","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1811.12352","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1811.12352","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1811.12352v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1811.12352","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LYN6V4MAJRTZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LYN6V4MAJRTZEN2N","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LYN6V4MA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:LYN6V4MAJRTZEN2NHNCZMJPXIR","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1811.12352","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2018-11-29T17:59:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"780bcfcb4bf962fafd8d3eb70ab5b6c64dd5b5e388659cd2d57a5c438da1f419","abstract_canon_sha256":"3b2cf19d036077c77b0cfef32247e5948f22b60d172582ae5ca4d2bc1b546d90"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5e1beaf1804c6792374d3b459625f744625b0e81ff8d2dfae13df208887a90eb","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:33.724122Z","signature_b64":"VOsASRH8VlOnV+HokwIxte1uuOoAzYJMeItO9U7nsDYrRtJp+0F13YSUwwvC4QSwDlObgLFhUuLpn339OgWvCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5e1beaf1804c6792374d3b459625f744625b0e81ff8d2dfae13df208887a90eb","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:33.723367Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:33.723367Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1811.12352","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"iQOZi/yOTCsSBrHPDlQTUK3IF6bC2uOfpVPNx7SYbpa0itR3e0uqpYQC+qXcglIUpcAkgciJDs81x6KGfT5BDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T22:49:57.447519Z"},"content_sha256":"efd46eaaea33c2de44b59e19f8e26190bd4ba03cebaed2ae09883a692f666107","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:efd46eaaea33c2de44b59e19f8e26190bd4ba03cebaed2ae09883a692f666107"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:LYN6V4MAJRTZEN2NHNCZMJPXIR","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"High Fidelity Simulations of Micro-Bubble Shedding from Retracting Thin Gas Films in the Context of Liquid-Liquid Impact","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"Ali Mani, Shahab Mirjalili, Wai Hong Ronald Chan","submitted_at":"2018-11-29T17:59:38Z","abstract_excerpt":"Micro-bubbles are of significant interest due to the long-living signature they leave behind naval ships. In order to numerically model and predict these bubbles in naval applications, subgrid-scale models are required because of the extreme separation of length- and time-scales between the macroscopic geometries and the physical processes leading to the formation of these bubbles. Yet, there is much that is unknown about the mechanism behind the entrainment of such bubbles. Furthermore, quantitative information regarding their size distribution and dependence on flow parameters is very limite"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1811.12352","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rXvSnekr7S1gQPYaWKHznK35nM+BoD2XfsegIJtamTfgjpRyY2hr76p5zu3OfX7kwKtYR5rF8Kh2JtCUBsVJCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T22:49:57.447955Z"},"content_sha256":"d79685cc0448d8fa629f2c21b6aeb181439ff28a48a34ec0ec5638b27498b84c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d79685cc0448d8fa629f2c21b6aeb181439ff28a48a34ec0ec5638b27498b84c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LYN6V4MAJRTZEN2NHNCZMJPXIR/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LYN6V4MAJRTZEN2NHNCZMJPXIR/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LYN6V4MAJRTZEN2NHNCZMJPXIR/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T22:49:57Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/LYN6V4MAJRTZEN2NHNCZMJPXIR","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/LYN6V4MAJRTZEN2NHNCZMJPXIR/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/LYN6V4MAJRTZEN2NHNCZMJPXIR/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LYN6V4MAJRTZEN2NHNCZMJPXIR/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:LYN6V4MAJRTZEN2NHNCZMJPXIR","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3b2cf19d036077c77b0cfef32247e5948f22b60d172582ae5ca4d2bc1b546d90","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2018-11-29T17:59:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"780bcfcb4bf962fafd8d3eb70ab5b6c64dd5b5e388659cd2d57a5c438da1f419"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1811.12352","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1811.12352","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1811.12352v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1811.12352","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LYN6V4MAJRTZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LYN6V4MAJRTZEN2N","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LYN6V4MA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d79685cc0448d8fa629f2c21b6aeb181439ff28a48a34ec0ec5638b27498b84c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Micro-bubbles are of significant interest due to the long-living signature they leave behind naval ships. In order to numerically model and predict these bubbles in naval applications, subgrid-scale models are required because of the extreme separation of length- and time-scales between the macroscopic geometries and the physical processes leading to the formation of these bubbles. Yet, there is much that is unknown about the mechanism behind the entrainment of such bubbles. Furthermore, quantitative information regarding their size distribution and dependence on flow parameters is very limite","authors_text":"Ali Mani, Shahab Mirjalili, Wai Hong Ronald Chan","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2018-11-29T17:59:38Z","title":"High Fidelity Simulations of Micro-Bubble Shedding from Retracting Thin Gas Films in the Context of Liquid-Liquid Impact"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1811.12352","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:efd46eaaea33c2de44b59e19f8e26190bd4ba03cebaed2ae09883a692f666107","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3b2cf19d036077c77b0cfef32247e5948f22b60d172582ae5ca4d2bc1b546d90","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2018-11-29T17:59:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"780bcfcb4bf962fafd8d3eb70ab5b6c64dd5b5e388659cd2d57a5c438da1f419"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1811.12352","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"5e1beaf1804c6792374d3b459625f744625b0e81ff8d2dfae13df208887a90eb","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"5e1beaf1804c6792374d3b459625f744625b0e81ff8d2dfae13df208887a90eb","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:33.723367Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:33.723367Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"VOsASRH8VlOnV+HokwIxte1uuOoAzYJMeItO9U7nsDYrRtJp+0F13YSUwwvC4QSwDlObgLFhUuLpn339OgWvCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:33.724122Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1811.12352","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:efd46eaaea33c2de44b59e19f8e26190bd4ba03cebaed2ae09883a692f666107","sha256:d79685cc0448d8fa629f2c21b6aeb181439ff28a48a34ec0ec5638b27498b84c"],"state_sha256":"2416852652f36c05c88591953acb0e1c39e0a23d24324b1e4dc42cc4fb68a239"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qQJ03OtozkZiutrDnXj+qFZD2y14EwNWkjf4HmWYDflGJaqD7Ho2bcNyYdOR/LVmu0udUbRcOX3rIBTu3grQBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T22:49:57.451466Z","bundle_sha256":"a3f2077d7da08a3ea099a3fe48989bec19883f18fc80b9375f49e81df0661198"}}