{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2017:M2PWAS4TH22RYYOQWZ4GBKOQI7","short_pith_number":"pith:M2PWAS4T","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"669f604b933eb51c61d0b67860a9d047eef0fd45c3d621f71e84675eaafc8855","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1708.02591","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"The Effect of Atmospheric Cooling on the Vertical Velocity Dispersion and Density Distribution of Brown Dwarfs","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"Benne W. Holwerda, Erick Young, Jonathan I. Lunine, Nimish P. Hathi, Nor Pirzkal, Paul A. Thorman, Rogier A. Windhorst, Russell E. Ryan Jr., Sarah J. Schmidt, Seth H. Cohen","submitted_at":"2017-08-08T18:00:24Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present a Monte Carlo simulation designed to predict the vertical velocity dispersion of brown dwarfs in the Milky Way. We show that since these stars are constantly cooling, the velocity dispersion has a noticeable trend with spectral type. With realistic assumptions for the initial-mass function, star-formation history, and the cooling models, we show that the velocity dispersion is roughly consistent with what is observed for M dwarfs, decreases to cooler spectral types, and increases again for the coolest types in our study ($\\sim$T9). We predict a minimum in the velocity dispersions fo"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1708.02591","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2017-08-08T18:00:24Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"d6f2f7bba94d143bc490e685fc7465321228497e4724438fa94ef1a45978f604","abstract_canon_sha256":"cdd122bd07ef4c5669d4df6ee2f8ea09e3a7cdc08a16535cbe51fd07926e3b29"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:33:48.846017Z","signature_b64":"w+KuJYxcGc5DbwA/Wo69yHAgiImzplp+20xAfLbVE2kXOv5ORQR9n7rPJ8CkU0hdvtYw27RnbNRhrCAG9dS1Aw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"669f604b933eb51c61d0b67860a9d047eef0fd45c3d621f71e84675eaafc8855","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:33:48.845287Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:33:48.845287Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Effect of Atmospheric Cooling on the Vertical Velocity Dispersion and Density Distribution of Brown Dwarfs","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"Benne W. Holwerda, Erick Young, Jonathan I. Lunine, Nimish P. Hathi, Nor Pirzkal, Paul A. Thorman, Rogier A. Windhorst, Russell E. Ryan Jr., Sarah J. Schmidt, Seth H. Cohen","submitted_at":"2017-08-08T18:00:24Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present a Monte Carlo simulation designed to predict the vertical velocity dispersion of brown dwarfs in the Milky Way. We show that since these stars are constantly cooling, the velocity dispersion has a noticeable trend with spectral type. With realistic assumptions for the initial-mass function, star-formation history, and the cooling models, we show that the velocity dispersion is roughly consistent with what is observed for M dwarfs, decreases to cooler spectral types, and increases again for the coolest types in our study ($\\sim$T9). We predict a minimum in the velocity dispersions fo"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1708.02591","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1708.02591","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:33:48.845406+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1708.02591v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:33:48.845406+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1708.02591","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:33:48.845406+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"M2PWAS4TH22R","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:28.150371+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"M2PWAS4TH22RYYOQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:28.150371+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"M2PWAS4T","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:28.150371+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/M2PWAS4TH22RYYOQWZ4GBKOQI7","json":"https://pith.science/pith/M2PWAS4TH22RYYOQWZ4GBKOQI7.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/M2PWAS4TH22RYYOQWZ4GBKOQI7/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/M2PWAS4TH22RYYOQWZ4GBKOQI7/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/M2PWAS4T"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/M2PWAS4TH22RYYOQWZ4GBKOQI7","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/M2PWAS4TH22RYYOQWZ4GBKOQI7.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/M2PWAS4T","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1708.02591&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/M2PWAS4TH22RYYOQWZ4GBKOQI7/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/M2PWAS4TH22RYYOQWZ4GBKOQI7/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/M2PWAS4TH22RYYOQWZ4GBKOQI7/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/M2PWAS4TH22RYYOQWZ4GBKOQI7/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/M2PWAS4TH22RYYOQWZ4GBKOQI7/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/M2PWAS4TH22RYYOQWZ4GBKOQI7/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/M2PWAS4TH22RYYOQWZ4GBKOQI7/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:33:48.845406+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T00:33:48.845406+00:00"}