{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:M3EVW5536BTRF6BHKGPJX6AWT3","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a92241c5c51c8779ee14d7befcbe1a92d90fd405ac91926e910eece76c16194f","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2014-06-26T20:00:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"9bc21626282de632c52fef2bb329316e2cf2875099ccd25775581b7289374e3d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1406.7007","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1406.7007","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:44:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1406.7007v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:44:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1406.7007","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:44:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"M3EVW5536BTR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"M3EVW5536BTRF6BH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"M3EVW553","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:38Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:1b712c89fcf3bc8c55a9279a583f23f47a15326fb1c3692b1fac75192f2ffbbf","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:44:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The cosmological constant is treated as a thermodynamical parameter in the framework of two-dimensional dilaton gravity. We find that the cosmological constant behaves as a U(1) charge with a confining potential, and that such potentials require a novel Born-Infeld boundary term in the action. The free energy and other thermodynamical quantities of interest are derived, from first principles, in a way that is essentially model-independent. We discover that there is always a Schottky anomaly in the specific heat and explain its physical origin. Finally, we apply these results to specific exampl","authors_text":"Daniel Grumiller, Jakob Salzer, Robert McNees","cross_cats":["gr-qc"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2014-06-26T20:00:16Z","title":"Cosmological constant as confining U(1) charge in two-dimensional dilaton gravity"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1406.7007","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8383781bd424836d6edbf5bd509ecb59e2d22998094c3f73f7eb84286977785a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:44:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a92241c5c51c8779ee14d7befcbe1a92d90fd405ac91926e910eece76c16194f","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2014-06-26T20:00:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"9bc21626282de632c52fef2bb329316e2cf2875099ccd25775581b7289374e3d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1406.7007","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"66c95b77bbf06712f827519e9bf8169eeb8a956e796c236b00e84a4c744b768e","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"66c95b77bbf06712f827519e9bf8169eeb8a956e796c236b00e84a4c744b768e","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:44:56.144196Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:44:56.144196Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"yeKWFrmXcHCzGjbkvNOSlhSyaYuAJ9B9jfy3bBe2Ae8JVaZQe5GQEAqwO3JkwiU0ARVPAtj6jaXfFg5EEZ7RBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:44:56.144689Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1406.7007","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8383781bd424836d6edbf5bd509ecb59e2d22998094c3f73f7eb84286977785a","sha256:1b712c89fcf3bc8c55a9279a583f23f47a15326fb1c3692b1fac75192f2ffbbf"],"state_sha256":"a7da43f94dc68f5caf54b03a91f3bd5d16fc664e0365d46eeeea1e7a31450366"}