{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:M3SKONUWF4RPYL7MEWZW3YC3WF","short_pith_number":"pith:M3SKONUW","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1102.3188","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2011-02-15T21:01:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"218581226fa6e8278addc541228be0459574789f4338b6239b9d97a45941c89d","abstract_canon_sha256":"c5e4574861b5efa2189152775a1881f511c2a8cac88fe60bff9d8754779fafba"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"66e4a736962f22fc2fec25b36de05bb15e6fbf33c2dedfc33c1cff38556ef4d0","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1102.3188","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1102.3188","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1102.3188v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1102.3188","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"M3SKONUWF4RP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"M3SKONUWF4RPYL7M","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"M3SKONUW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:34Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:M3SKONUWF4RPYL7MEWZW3YC3WF","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1102.3188","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2011-02-15T21:01:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"218581226fa6e8278addc541228be0459574789f4338b6239b9d97a45941c89d","abstract_canon_sha256":"c5e4574861b5efa2189152775a1881f511c2a8cac88fe60bff9d8754779fafba"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"66e4a736962f22fc2fec25b36de05bb15e6fbf33c2dedfc33c1cff38556ef4d0","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:10.680070Z","signature_b64":"bphq1x/+3MSqZu01vdODiyODazIdw4zd9R7QtKpmdxcGIKq+Sk+Nl3WOXs243MdjdjoQ9xpLpLVY/vKS/YJ1CA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"66e4a736962f22fc2fec25b36de05bb15e6fbf33c2dedfc33c1cff38556ef4d0","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:10.678931Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:10.678931Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1102.3188","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:10Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7YzZ+jx0RLprSmE+3t+y0H3mCzDQwUPDHXZxuhAWCRejeINVamKZkxnR9ZXTjDeXNlDipgPY4xk+8EDiTWUsAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T16:38:28.467009Z"},"content_sha256":"c872b68886b2b699eb42157a2e013a13f5149b00aecd4a3fa725f8a49894c48b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c872b68886b2b699eb42157a2e013a13f5149b00aecd4a3fa725f8a49894c48b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:M3SKONUWF4RPYL7MEWZW3YC3WF","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The other side of Bulge Formation in a Lambda-CDM cosmology: Bulgeless Galaxies in the Local Universe","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"1) ((1) INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, (2) Max-Planck-Institute fuer Extraterrestrische Physik, David Wilman (2), Fabio Fontanot (1), Gabriella De Lucia (1), Garching bei Muenchen (3) Dipartimento di Fisica, Pierluigi Monaco (3, Sez. Astronomia, Universita' di Trieste)","submitted_at":"2011-02-15T21:01:10Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study the physical properties, formation histories, and environment of galaxies without a significant \"classical\" spheroidal component, as predicted by semi-analytical models of galaxy formation and evolution. This work is complementary to the analysis presented in De Lucia et al., (2011), where we focus on the relative contribution of various physical mechanisms responsible for bulge assembly in a Lambda-CDM cosmology. We find that the fraction of bulgeless galaxies is a strong decreasing function of stellar mass: they represent a negligible fraction of the galaxy population with M* > 10^1"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1102.3188","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:10Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"K9IoBiSs6uwGsgYMTKQNT5tV5XfpElXt0JR0Jf9+cVfm+QvdpGA4iWBNvWJa4b7aN16qD8YdvY06+cZZgO4RCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T16:38:28.467705Z"},"content_sha256":"2fed6c44b3f57580c19a952b217413194fff07b88c56c31b26c915aa97e9c730","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2fed6c44b3f57580c19a952b217413194fff07b88c56c31b26c915aa97e9c730"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/M3SKONUWF4RPYL7MEWZW3YC3WF/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/M3SKONUWF4RPYL7MEWZW3YC3WF/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/M3SKONUWF4RPYL7MEWZW3YC3WF/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-26T16:38:28Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/M3SKONUWF4RPYL7MEWZW3YC3WF","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/M3SKONUWF4RPYL7MEWZW3YC3WF/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/M3SKONUWF4RPYL7MEWZW3YC3WF/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/M3SKONUWF4RPYL7MEWZW3YC3WF/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:M3SKONUWF4RPYL7MEWZW3YC3WF","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c5e4574861b5efa2189152775a1881f511c2a8cac88fe60bff9d8754779fafba","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2011-02-15T21:01:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"218581226fa6e8278addc541228be0459574789f4338b6239b9d97a45941c89d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1102.3188","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1102.3188","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1102.3188v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1102.3188","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"M3SKONUWF4RP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"M3SKONUWF4RPYL7M","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"M3SKONUW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:34Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:2fed6c44b3f57580c19a952b217413194fff07b88c56c31b26c915aa97e9c730","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:10Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We study the physical properties, formation histories, and environment of galaxies without a significant \"classical\" spheroidal component, as predicted by semi-analytical models of galaxy formation and evolution. This work is complementary to the analysis presented in De Lucia et al., (2011), where we focus on the relative contribution of various physical mechanisms responsible for bulge assembly in a Lambda-CDM cosmology. We find that the fraction of bulgeless galaxies is a strong decreasing function of stellar mass: they represent a negligible fraction of the galaxy population with M* > 10^1","authors_text":"1) ((1) INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, (2) Max-Planck-Institute fuer Extraterrestrische Physik, David Wilman (2), Fabio Fontanot (1), Gabriella De Lucia (1), Garching bei Muenchen (3) Dipartimento di Fisica, Pierluigi Monaco (3, Sez. Astronomia, Universita' di Trieste)","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2011-02-15T21:01:10Z","title":"The other side of Bulge Formation in a Lambda-CDM cosmology: Bulgeless Galaxies in the Local Universe"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1102.3188","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c872b68886b2b699eb42157a2e013a13f5149b00aecd4a3fa725f8a49894c48b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:10Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c5e4574861b5efa2189152775a1881f511c2a8cac88fe60bff9d8754779fafba","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2011-02-15T21:01:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"218581226fa6e8278addc541228be0459574789f4338b6239b9d97a45941c89d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1102.3188","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"66e4a736962f22fc2fec25b36de05bb15e6fbf33c2dedfc33c1cff38556ef4d0","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"66e4a736962f22fc2fec25b36de05bb15e6fbf33c2dedfc33c1cff38556ef4d0","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:10.678931Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:10.678931Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"bphq1x/+3MSqZu01vdODiyODazIdw4zd9R7QtKpmdxcGIKq+Sk+Nl3WOXs243MdjdjoQ9xpLpLVY/vKS/YJ1CA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:10.680070Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1102.3188","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c872b68886b2b699eb42157a2e013a13f5149b00aecd4a3fa725f8a49894c48b","sha256:2fed6c44b3f57580c19a952b217413194fff07b88c56c31b26c915aa97e9c730"],"state_sha256":"5dfe226ed82f53b5c88e1138ef6f93db5e20faaba4ff2b37129d5072beef854a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"I2JtEUwgmcLg0SDGIHp98hD/YcdgtTDxGJMg8haJ4rN6wzvbDmRtGJdyS8Uqt3WgY+WWyp8+tTIzv1Z8wPqQCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T16:38:28.471039Z","bundle_sha256":"cbc5361c3981e321ec867962e227b5dba02a339b954bb07df9bb99519d34a40e"}}