{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:M5HWWKEG2UIWYFN6QSS6L66SVF","short_pith_number":"pith:M5HWWKEG","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1710.08864","kind":"arxiv","version":7},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2017-10-24T16:02:19Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"dc27357144dbb0226312fe99817cc9064511a0a56ff88beb96106ffee02750f7","abstract_canon_sha256":"00c261f3c1d14ddfc2a12a6e9bb41de76d7ee48ae5ffd4e810232596662df85d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"674f6b2886d5116c15be84a5e5fbd2a96b3c3035e2bc9eebd434bd5a902d40e9","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1710.08864","version":7},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1710.08864","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1710.08864v7","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1710.08864","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"M5HWWKEG2UIW","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"M5HWWKEG2UIWYFN6","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"M5HWWKEG","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:49Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:M5HWWKEG2UIWYFN6QSS6L66SVF","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1710.08864","kind":"arxiv","version":7},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2017-10-24T16:02:19Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"dc27357144dbb0226312fe99817cc9064511a0a56ff88beb96106ffee02750f7","abstract_canon_sha256":"00c261f3c1d14ddfc2a12a6e9bb41de76d7ee48ae5ffd4e810232596662df85d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"674f6b2886d5116c15be84a5e5fbd2a96b3c3035e2bc9eebd434bd5a902d40e9","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:49.595709Z","signature_b64":"O94i7sxg7QpujGIJ9OrLuUBKXyfGyryc53eJjV00ZXUzp4x5A5tiHaZ1JnOEVAaS4/esjZ5xw1814ML1lsNBAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"674f6b2886d5116c15be84a5e5fbd2a96b3c3035e2bc9eebd434bd5a902d40e9","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:49.595242Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:49.595242Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1710.08864","source_version":7,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RpFZLHhNRZSLf7naqE/21GkD23Yx7QuSALvk1JsCOnP2OFGcRxlhuhmz5/4q0ARC/eQhSe/A9k2ux7iuaK1fDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T23:48:44.169891Z"},"content_sha256":"12fe46c0daa5443a2d950e1025abbdfb34e4b808ca5e57210cc777b48e7b5764","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:12fe46c0daa5443a2d950e1025abbdfb34e4b808ca5e57210cc777b48e7b5764"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:M5HWWKEG2UIWYFN6QSS6L66SVF","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"One pixel attack for fooling deep neural networks","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CV","stat.ML"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Danilo Vasconcellos Vargas, Jiawei Su, Sakurai Kouichi","submitted_at":"2017-10-24T16:02:19Z","abstract_excerpt":"Recent research has revealed that the output of Deep Neural Networks (DNN) can be easily altered by adding relatively small perturbations to the input vector. In this paper, we analyze an attack in an extremely limited scenario where only one pixel can be modified. For that we propose a novel method for generating one-pixel adversarial perturbations based on differential evolution (DE). It requires less adversarial information (a black-box attack) and can fool more types of networks due to the inherent features of DE. The results show that 67.97% of the natural images in Kaggle CIFAR-10 test d"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1710.08864","kind":"arxiv","version":7},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1710.08864/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"OjgR1CEIW65wqSZJnZXwGCp+D0I8Ji8NB9MXqFe4rqhV+m6EdECsphcx3ZY5Nr+nt0pN7Z52k4DoWXw5vjt8Bg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T23:48:44.170409Z"},"content_sha256":"a2708ecfef40532f84d9477f34b4966bff459b3551ad811f76df3cfb9fc93806","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a2708ecfef40532f84d9477f34b4966bff459b3551ad811f76df3cfb9fc93806"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/M5HWWKEG2UIWYFN6QSS6L66SVF/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/M5HWWKEG2UIWYFN6QSS6L66SVF/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/M5HWWKEG2UIWYFN6QSS6L66SVF/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-07T23:48:44Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/M5HWWKEG2UIWYFN6QSS6L66SVF","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/M5HWWKEG2UIWYFN6QSS6L66SVF/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/M5HWWKEG2UIWYFN6QSS6L66SVF/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/M5HWWKEG2UIWYFN6QSS6L66SVF/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:M5HWWKEG2UIWYFN6QSS6L66SVF","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"00c261f3c1d14ddfc2a12a6e9bb41de76d7ee48ae5ffd4e810232596662df85d","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV","stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2017-10-24T16:02:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"dc27357144dbb0226312fe99817cc9064511a0a56ff88beb96106ffee02750f7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1710.08864","kind":"arxiv","version":7}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1710.08864","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1710.08864v7","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1710.08864","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"M5HWWKEG2UIW","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"M5HWWKEG2UIWYFN6","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"M5HWWKEG","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:49Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a2708ecfef40532f84d9477f34b4966bff459b3551ad811f76df3cfb9fc93806","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1710.08864/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Recent research has revealed that the output of Deep Neural Networks (DNN) can be easily altered by adding relatively small perturbations to the input vector. In this paper, we analyze an attack in an extremely limited scenario where only one pixel can be modified. For that we propose a novel method for generating one-pixel adversarial perturbations based on differential evolution (DE). It requires less adversarial information (a black-box attack) and can fool more types of networks due to the inherent features of DE. The results show that 67.97% of the natural images in Kaggle CIFAR-10 test d","authors_text":"Danilo Vasconcellos Vargas, Jiawei Su, Sakurai Kouichi","cross_cats":["cs.CV","stat.ML"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2017-10-24T16:02:19Z","title":"One pixel attack for fooling deep neural networks"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1710.08864","kind":"arxiv","version":7},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:12fe46c0daa5443a2d950e1025abbdfb34e4b808ca5e57210cc777b48e7b5764","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"00c261f3c1d14ddfc2a12a6e9bb41de76d7ee48ae5ffd4e810232596662df85d","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV","stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2017-10-24T16:02:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"dc27357144dbb0226312fe99817cc9064511a0a56ff88beb96106ffee02750f7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1710.08864","kind":"arxiv","version":7}},"canonical_sha256":"674f6b2886d5116c15be84a5e5fbd2a96b3c3035e2bc9eebd434bd5a902d40e9","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"674f6b2886d5116c15be84a5e5fbd2a96b3c3035e2bc9eebd434bd5a902d40e9","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:49.595242Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:49.595242Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"O94i7sxg7QpujGIJ9OrLuUBKXyfGyryc53eJjV00ZXUzp4x5A5tiHaZ1JnOEVAaS4/esjZ5xw1814ML1lsNBAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:12:49.595709Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1710.08864","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":7}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:12fe46c0daa5443a2d950e1025abbdfb34e4b808ca5e57210cc777b48e7b5764","sha256:a2708ecfef40532f84d9477f34b4966bff459b3551ad811f76df3cfb9fc93806"],"state_sha256":"237451d743f606773409bce467f5af0e9986cf3d1169a0d2ab73f22b70a95ea3"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"UQIq4UkCWFV0sa9JEaWljWIeXwLfOqu1PCWN7lB42HteWNj+sFOoaHW0sMbXHqTCqIJBpVS8AD/ys2iMyu7bDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T23:48:44.175757Z","bundle_sha256":"7c2439376bac607585bbd75f1dcc748f8932624ec061e1249f68d9f8f0cc1d20"}}