{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:M5UXIJSHA5ZHGBRFAZJ3DD4JLN","short_pith_number":"pith:M5UXIJSH","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2406.18820","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2024-06-27T01:28:30Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"88fc139006d70aad349b817452bfb6c5d3b65419ace02d11554d1ce60585d8ec","abstract_canon_sha256":"d6193a08c42bc87fd2be9aeab6d4b0aacafb18657ccc3aa3e7c8cdb90b14225a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"676974264707727306250653b18f895b58e3f0e9fbf88c9dee6d7618b255edb3","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2406.18820","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2406.18820","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:31:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2406.18820v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:31:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2406.18820","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:31:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"M5UXIJSHA5ZH","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:31:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"M5UXIJSHA5ZHGBRF","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:31:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"M5UXIJSH","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:31:39Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:M5UXIJSHA5ZHGBRFAZJ3DD4JLN","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2406.18820","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2024-06-27T01:28:30Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"88fc139006d70aad349b817452bfb6c5d3b65419ace02d11554d1ce60585d8ec","abstract_canon_sha256":"d6193a08c42bc87fd2be9aeab6d4b0aacafb18657ccc3aa3e7c8cdb90b14225a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"676974264707727306250653b18f895b58e3f0e9fbf88c9dee6d7618b255edb3","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:31:39.337809Z","signature_b64":"Ea7vMhrtiKxTVjEhJfuhL/iyopkC6/E/3ewPwsoBpyKhjjlzyEX6YSXF6MJxPwldJgslMunDlP5QIfz8tqJ+DA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"676974264707727306250653b18f895b58e3f0e9fbf88c9dee6d7618b255edb3","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:31:39.337284Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:31:39.337284Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2406.18820","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:31:39Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Sw4WDcmjLR8DNqkReR0zEdT7k41CEG4DUyR/JzLjcDmpdz1Xu6e/ABMmTe/MrC8zYC4VweaOR32JDZSMUICFCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T11:24:21.814431Z"},"content_sha256":"373ea24792c8629d863bbb581ef8ba4ec1a8123d874b51747108f8080d7ca530","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:373ea24792c8629d863bbb581ef8ba4ec1a8123d874b51747108f8080d7ca530"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:M5UXIJSHA5ZHGBRFAZJ3DD4JLN","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Universal Checkpointing: A Flexible and Efficient Distributed Checkpointing System for Large-Scale DNN Training with Reconfigurable Parallelis","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"cs.DC","authors_text":"Lev Kurilenko, Masahiro Tanaka, Minjia Zhang, Olatunji Ruwase, Sam Ade Jacobs, Stas Bekman, Xinyu Lian","submitted_at":"2024-06-27T01:28:30Z","abstract_excerpt":"Deep neural network (DNN) training continues to scale rapidly in terms of model size, data volume, and sequence length, to the point where multiple machines are required to fit large models for training. Different distributed and parallel training strategies have been developed to support large-scale DNN training by partitioning the training state across GPUs. However, existing DNN training systems provide very limited support for reconfiguring parallelism strategies in the middle of the training via checkpointing. This limitation arises because distributed checkpoints are tightly coupled to s"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2406.18820","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2406.18820/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:31:39Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"IyV8nhSWIu0D4+XWOFozB02XR2RJ9lHcl96SX2G2mG1GdTnGnpLXrUMVncNyo2s2FQSTc+tjl2jdQbX4OXF7DQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T11:24:21.814944Z"},"content_sha256":"382b3645dca7d25b16fa9efdb749c55f9ab32ca86f2231e910aacbf8c7604e72","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:382b3645dca7d25b16fa9efdb749c55f9ab32ca86f2231e910aacbf8c7604e72"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/M5UXIJSHA5ZHGBRFAZJ3DD4JLN/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/M5UXIJSHA5ZHGBRFAZJ3DD4JLN/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/M5UXIJSHA5ZHGBRFAZJ3DD4JLN/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-09T11:24:21Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/M5UXIJSHA5ZHGBRFAZJ3DD4JLN","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/M5UXIJSHA5ZHGBRFAZJ3DD4JLN/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/M5UXIJSHA5ZHGBRFAZJ3DD4JLN/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/M5UXIJSHA5ZHGBRFAZJ3DD4JLN/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:M5UXIJSHA5ZHGBRFAZJ3DD4JLN","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d6193a08c42bc87fd2be9aeab6d4b0aacafb18657ccc3aa3e7c8cdb90b14225a","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2024-06-27T01:28:30Z","title_canon_sha256":"88fc139006d70aad349b817452bfb6c5d3b65419ace02d11554d1ce60585d8ec"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2406.18820","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2406.18820","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:31:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2406.18820v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:31:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2406.18820","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:31:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"M5UXIJSHA5ZH","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:31:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"M5UXIJSHA5ZHGBRF","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:31:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"M5UXIJSH","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:31:39Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:382b3645dca7d25b16fa9efdb749c55f9ab32ca86f2231e910aacbf8c7604e72","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:31:39Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2406.18820/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Deep neural network (DNN) training continues to scale rapidly in terms of model size, data volume, and sequence length, to the point where multiple machines are required to fit large models for training. Different distributed and parallel training strategies have been developed to support large-scale DNN training by partitioning the training state across GPUs. However, existing DNN training systems provide very limited support for reconfiguring parallelism strategies in the middle of the training via checkpointing. This limitation arises because distributed checkpoints are tightly coupled to s","authors_text":"Lev Kurilenko, Masahiro Tanaka, Minjia Zhang, Olatunji Ruwase, Sam Ade Jacobs, Stas Bekman, Xinyu Lian","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2024-06-27T01:28:30Z","title":"Universal Checkpointing: A Flexible and Efficient Distributed Checkpointing System for Large-Scale DNN Training with Reconfigurable Parallelis"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2406.18820","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:373ea24792c8629d863bbb581ef8ba4ec1a8123d874b51747108f8080d7ca530","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:31:39Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d6193a08c42bc87fd2be9aeab6d4b0aacafb18657ccc3aa3e7c8cdb90b14225a","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.DC","submitted_at":"2024-06-27T01:28:30Z","title_canon_sha256":"88fc139006d70aad349b817452bfb6c5d3b65419ace02d11554d1ce60585d8ec"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2406.18820","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"676974264707727306250653b18f895b58e3f0e9fbf88c9dee6d7618b255edb3","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"676974264707727306250653b18f895b58e3f0e9fbf88c9dee6d7618b255edb3","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:31:39.337284Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:31:39.337284Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Ea7vMhrtiKxTVjEhJfuhL/iyopkC6/E/3ewPwsoBpyKhjjlzyEX6YSXF6MJxPwldJgslMunDlP5QIfz8tqJ+DA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:31:39.337809Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2406.18820","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:373ea24792c8629d863bbb581ef8ba4ec1a8123d874b51747108f8080d7ca530","sha256:382b3645dca7d25b16fa9efdb749c55f9ab32ca86f2231e910aacbf8c7604e72"],"state_sha256":"e704a389dd5bb13df944e3a566a1042731e30b44aabee48a8c99e076a87dfab4"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"p4KEQPYjp3PN5JKENJkIz3fN/gH0fRFuHEiW21tAhar79U8KVlppKhsjso0kMT71LMzhMZGq71BkMs4G//RvDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T11:24:21.819158Z","bundle_sha256":"aadffaa7c2cfbc764fb95b36e8ed87fb3978bacb9c09a90058ba8af6d97d8ffb"}}