{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:M5YFIP5C2HB7BFMVVKVY4FV6KQ","short_pith_number":"pith:M5YFIP5C","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1811.06597","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2018-11-15T21:35:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f2ef472abece7cdd6838d9c72d71683f4f29a8472a2c1606d809598e4e3b2331","abstract_canon_sha256":"44b69a98268eef30670d606252a430d89f25329fbc2e01645e312145f03cdd41"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6770543fa2d1c3f09595aaab8e16be541a9e6c76d04ea9655d6d25a27cf7cd5b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1811.06597","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1811.06597","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1811.06597v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1811.06597","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"M5YFIP5C2HB7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"M5YFIP5C2HB7BFMV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"M5YFIP5C","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:M5YFIP5C2HB7BFMVVKVY4FV6KQ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1811.06597","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2018-11-15T21:35:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f2ef472abece7cdd6838d9c72d71683f4f29a8472a2c1606d809598e4e3b2331","abstract_canon_sha256":"44b69a98268eef30670d606252a430d89f25329fbc2e01645e312145f03cdd41"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6770543fa2d1c3f09595aaab8e16be541a9e6c76d04ea9655d6d25a27cf7cd5b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:34.400050Z","signature_b64":"pz4TBo2Qao8GRRNpaq7FfyCUZ2yWJ51qXNakXYWBEsCiLTgjz+afrjp7lCTK70ly6dcCZJ10KKMA3AwRMuIMAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6770543fa2d1c3f09595aaab8e16be541a9e6c76d04ea9655d6d25a27cf7cd5b","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:34.399514Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:34.399514Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1811.06597","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"gcZIJPDxuZKfw3WSKl61opeX8i6kgshxxPx3TIrAqwEYZSbKjQPBI31I9OdN3qT90tNDk3EensGn7B2uatx9BQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-23T09:58:41.792458Z"},"content_sha256":"d0e41c4fa92c70c04dbc022ffc29175ae28c1892722c61736806c49dc4ecce39","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d0e41c4fa92c70c04dbc022ffc29175ae28c1892722c61736806c49dc4ecce39"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:M5YFIP5C2HB7BFMVVKVY4FV6KQ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Binary Fraction of Stars in Dwarf Galaxies: the Cases of Draco and Ursa Minor","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Alan McConnachie, Edward Olszewski, Evan Kirby, Mario Mateo, Matthew Walker, Meghin Spencer","submitted_at":"2018-11-15T21:35:27Z","abstract_excerpt":"Measuring the frequency of binary stars in dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) requires data taken over long time intervals. We combine radial velocity measurements from five literature sources taken over the course of ~30 years to yield the largest multi-epoch kinematic sample for stars in the dSphs Draco and Ursa Minor. With this data set, we are able to implement an improved version of the Bayesian technique described in Spencer et al. (2017b) to evaluate the binary fraction of red giant stars in these dwarf galaxies. Assuming Duquennoy & Mayor (1991) period and mass ratio distributions, the "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1811.06597","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"2CK00i75CoLoFq4Tm0o1echUBaxJEejgChrAc9vZt0GqO9teIn/+CxXe4YIbEZt8Zgbt09XGB/Udv6Zt34b+Aw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-23T09:58:41.793174Z"},"content_sha256":"a2895ccedf873d6f982b7cd1ec413272225059ad4e73474c8bd0d6c9ee3a3879","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a2895ccedf873d6f982b7cd1ec413272225059ad4e73474c8bd0d6c9ee3a3879"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/M5YFIP5C2HB7BFMVVKVY4FV6KQ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/M5YFIP5C2HB7BFMVVKVY4FV6KQ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/M5YFIP5C2HB7BFMVVKVY4FV6KQ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-23T09:58:41Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/M5YFIP5C2HB7BFMVVKVY4FV6KQ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/M5YFIP5C2HB7BFMVVKVY4FV6KQ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/M5YFIP5C2HB7BFMVVKVY4FV6KQ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/M5YFIP5C2HB7BFMVVKVY4FV6KQ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:M5YFIP5C2HB7BFMVVKVY4FV6KQ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"44b69a98268eef30670d606252a430d89f25329fbc2e01645e312145f03cdd41","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2018-11-15T21:35:27Z","title_canon_sha256":"f2ef472abece7cdd6838d9c72d71683f4f29a8472a2c1606d809598e4e3b2331"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1811.06597","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1811.06597","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1811.06597v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1811.06597","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"M5YFIP5C2HB7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"M5YFIP5C2HB7BFMV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"M5YFIP5C","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a2895ccedf873d6f982b7cd1ec413272225059ad4e73474c8bd0d6c9ee3a3879","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Measuring the frequency of binary stars in dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) requires data taken over long time intervals. We combine radial velocity measurements from five literature sources taken over the course of ~30 years to yield the largest multi-epoch kinematic sample for stars in the dSphs Draco and Ursa Minor. With this data set, we are able to implement an improved version of the Bayesian technique described in Spencer et al. (2017b) to evaluate the binary fraction of red giant stars in these dwarf galaxies. Assuming Duquennoy & Mayor (1991) period and mass ratio distributions, the ","authors_text":"Alan McConnachie, Edward Olszewski, Evan Kirby, Mario Mateo, Matthew Walker, Meghin Spencer","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2018-11-15T21:35:27Z","title":"The Binary Fraction of Stars in Dwarf Galaxies: the Cases of Draco and Ursa Minor"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1811.06597","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d0e41c4fa92c70c04dbc022ffc29175ae28c1892722c61736806c49dc4ecce39","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"44b69a98268eef30670d606252a430d89f25329fbc2e01645e312145f03cdd41","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2018-11-15T21:35:27Z","title_canon_sha256":"f2ef472abece7cdd6838d9c72d71683f4f29a8472a2c1606d809598e4e3b2331"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1811.06597","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"6770543fa2d1c3f09595aaab8e16be541a9e6c76d04ea9655d6d25a27cf7cd5b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6770543fa2d1c3f09595aaab8e16be541a9e6c76d04ea9655d6d25a27cf7cd5b","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:34.399514Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:34.399514Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"pz4TBo2Qao8GRRNpaq7FfyCUZ2yWJ51qXNakXYWBEsCiLTgjz+afrjp7lCTK70ly6dcCZJ10KKMA3AwRMuIMAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:00:34.400050Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1811.06597","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d0e41c4fa92c70c04dbc022ffc29175ae28c1892722c61736806c49dc4ecce39","sha256:a2895ccedf873d6f982b7cd1ec413272225059ad4e73474c8bd0d6c9ee3a3879"],"state_sha256":"2c47d5302e983aa53d29dc2a5f4b3d211c2a72450701fd69504a3656ab60bb9c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"OTsPAGSoCsgLMzlqEqupgmvbOGziDPzDudXQ1yE06GucDSVm9Mo5wnmHjzRmKAfUv1k3M/h8Nj9LWEjhpXFDCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-23T09:58:41.797113Z","bundle_sha256":"0aea716f17f1e35fc1c6151e5f3613364e85f4f3639f55fa45093ac355d44f5d"}}