{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:M63IKKIXWJ7GSNE7DZTM7HFSAK","short_pith_number":"pith:M63IKKIX","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2203.10162","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2022-03-18T21:20:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"8f0151ce7e7f51fa669d83d7c5568ffeb9756aef4baf17927f8f5a08804eabd3","abstract_canon_sha256":"fb411775aa99cdbe2c9ca992e04c172820a180ac558f09d4bb8b2549d9841b7c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"67b6852917b27e69349f1e66cf9cb2028d8c372057bd155fc865143b997f4eac","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2203.10162","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2203.10162","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:06:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2203.10162v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:06:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2203.10162","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:06:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"M63IKKIXWJ7G","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:06:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"M63IKKIXWJ7GSNE7","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:06:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"M63IKKIX","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:06:32Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:M63IKKIXWJ7GSNE7DZTM7HFSAK","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2203.10162","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2022-03-18T21:20:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"8f0151ce7e7f51fa669d83d7c5568ffeb9756aef4baf17927f8f5a08804eabd3","abstract_canon_sha256":"fb411775aa99cdbe2c9ca992e04c172820a180ac558f09d4bb8b2549d9841b7c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"67b6852917b27e69349f1e66cf9cb2028d8c372057bd155fc865143b997f4eac","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:06:32.173240Z","signature_b64":"QK7MUDB5f+apVrndjP1bo5BjwrhwQ+EA5JhJak1FQghfZJo08w2Fk0joZYTOx+P7VAIP5YvemypnZRYokxVSDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"67b6852917b27e69349f1e66cf9cb2028d8c372057bd155fc865143b997f4eac","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:06:32.172896Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:06:32.172896Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2203.10162","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:06:32Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"JF0g819XwChAOOkBCWFgZyMMGTpH4KMXJEkfGZ9Z84pf07FVA6IorZglC42Tl3IlwwNdnAwJeoby8sx8HGaYDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-21T15:39:42.976661Z"},"content_sha256":"504f32350b9bbbe62aa492af5a9dca292c3863ed3f256cf0cd36e2103ad28850","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:504f32350b9bbbe62aa492af5a9dca292c3863ed3f256cf0cd36e2103ad28850"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:M63IKKIXWJ7GSNE7DZTM7HFSAK","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Contacts, motion and chain-breaking in a two-dimensional granular system displaced by an intruder","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","authors_text":"Douglas Daniel de Carvalho, Erick de Moraes Franklin, Nicolao Cerqueira Lima","submitted_at":"2022-03-18T21:20:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate numerically how the motion of an intruder within a two-dimensional granular system affects its structure and produces drag on the intruder. We made use of discrete numerical simulations in which a larger disk (intruder) is driven at constant speed amid smaller disks confined in a rectangular cell. By varying the intruder's velocity and the basal friction, we obtained the resultant force on the intruder and the instantaneous network of contact forces, which we analyze at both the cell and grain scales. We found that there is a bearing network that percolates forces from the intru"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2203.10162","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2203.10162/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:06:32Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Sef/xSr9YfIpL2sRKLeR/HBmnQeq/E3/HKkqN2Wf34NBD5kWGCwj6mypjSDIzypVKxz2t3vjzD2bxi28kMacAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-21T15:39:42.977746Z"},"content_sha256":"fe03293b347eeba42322c9c8ba01938c89db53996eeeede2a771f275b871b3c1","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:fe03293b347eeba42322c9c8ba01938c89db53996eeeede2a771f275b871b3c1"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/M63IKKIXWJ7GSNE7DZTM7HFSAK/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/M63IKKIXWJ7GSNE7DZTM7HFSAK/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/M63IKKIXWJ7GSNE7DZTM7HFSAK/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-21T15:39:42Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/M63IKKIXWJ7GSNE7DZTM7HFSAK","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/M63IKKIXWJ7GSNE7DZTM7HFSAK/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/M63IKKIXWJ7GSNE7DZTM7HFSAK/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/M63IKKIXWJ7GSNE7DZTM7HFSAK/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:M63IKKIXWJ7GSNE7DZTM7HFSAK","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"fb411775aa99cdbe2c9ca992e04c172820a180ac558f09d4bb8b2549d9841b7c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2022-03-18T21:20:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"8f0151ce7e7f51fa669d83d7c5568ffeb9756aef4baf17927f8f5a08804eabd3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2203.10162","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2203.10162","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:06:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2203.10162v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:06:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2203.10162","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:06:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"M63IKKIXWJ7G","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:06:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"M63IKKIXWJ7GSNE7","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:06:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"M63IKKIX","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:06:32Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:fe03293b347eeba42322c9c8ba01938c89db53996eeeede2a771f275b871b3c1","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:06:32Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2203.10162/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We investigate numerically how the motion of an intruder within a two-dimensional granular system affects its structure and produces drag on the intruder. We made use of discrete numerical simulations in which a larger disk (intruder) is driven at constant speed amid smaller disks confined in a rectangular cell. By varying the intruder's velocity and the basal friction, we obtained the resultant force on the intruder and the instantaneous network of contact forces, which we analyze at both the cell and grain scales. We found that there is a bearing network that percolates forces from the intru","authors_text":"Douglas Daniel de Carvalho, Erick de Moraes Franklin, Nicolao Cerqueira Lima","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2022-03-18T21:20:56Z","title":"Contacts, motion and chain-breaking in a two-dimensional granular system displaced by an intruder"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2203.10162","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:504f32350b9bbbe62aa492af5a9dca292c3863ed3f256cf0cd36e2103ad28850","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:06:32Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"fb411775aa99cdbe2c9ca992e04c172820a180ac558f09d4bb8b2549d9841b7c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2022-03-18T21:20:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"8f0151ce7e7f51fa669d83d7c5568ffeb9756aef4baf17927f8f5a08804eabd3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2203.10162","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"67b6852917b27e69349f1e66cf9cb2028d8c372057bd155fc865143b997f4eac","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"67b6852917b27e69349f1e66cf9cb2028d8c372057bd155fc865143b997f4eac","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:06:32.172896Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:06:32.172896Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"QK7MUDB5f+apVrndjP1bo5BjwrhwQ+EA5JhJak1FQghfZJo08w2Fk0joZYTOx+P7VAIP5YvemypnZRYokxVSDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:06:32.173240Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2203.10162","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:504f32350b9bbbe62aa492af5a9dca292c3863ed3f256cf0cd36e2103ad28850","sha256:fe03293b347eeba42322c9c8ba01938c89db53996eeeede2a771f275b871b3c1"],"state_sha256":"4f28f192edb29d60f0818a75143772f94b57521c664fd3d56a2e629059b84007"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"01WXtnpkUmzNxfUoew06IL/Bi5hVEpvWnO65SrlmfxIT+vYaQAotkXU40Uht9aiSyTt+062jWP+Wp+cEZTsUBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-21T15:39:42.983659Z","bundle_sha256":"7fd1ae55a31327c5b168b4a17153f6a9892061f23403c47d72e6499001e9523b"}}