{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:M7N6OR5HD7KM6OLMULC34JMSWU","short_pith_number":"pith:M7N6OR5H","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2312.16148","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2023-12-26T18:13:52Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b65e432abc529329e75fb28882382a5100b520769440034bcf71a94761e65e33","abstract_canon_sha256":"c1bfc81a763157b275754714a94e5070ac877edf60066c9016b8ce6cab65037c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"67dbe747a71fd4cf396ca2c5be2592b536e3633d4cca99225afb3d908415c9ce","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2312.16148","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2312.16148","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2312.16148v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2312.16148","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"M7N6OR5HD7KM","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"M7N6OR5HD7KM6OLM","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"M7N6OR5H","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:26Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:M7N6OR5HD7KM6OLMULC34JMSWU","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2312.16148","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2023-12-26T18:13:52Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b65e432abc529329e75fb28882382a5100b520769440034bcf71a94761e65e33","abstract_canon_sha256":"c1bfc81a763157b275754714a94e5070ac877edf60066c9016b8ce6cab65037c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"67dbe747a71fd4cf396ca2c5be2592b536e3633d4cca99225afb3d908415c9ce","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:26.278141Z","signature_b64":"ay76PfxDs/pDwYXnKsKYw0dr7ptMuO3v2/iOcSxkoX8Ua8EXCktQgeYNb3l5RXfiJHfDdqHDkDxVmVKI0g3YDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"67dbe747a71fd4cf396ca2c5be2592b536e3633d4cca99225afb3d908415c9ce","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:26.277735Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:26.277735Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2312.16148","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:26Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tuJD1ZAxj168Mjcq8j+ZTPIPPjfRfh3lumHUTk+kqdjVyDCaX8/fG5eYO960ncrIvBNlEwsQPsjfhRz2cZl5Aw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T07:07:54.167516Z"},"content_sha256":"0b7ae6a475e8684a00b48a6fcab33f62a20ed55cacfbb751214527e84b1079e7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0b7ae6a475e8684a00b48a6fcab33f62a20ed55cacfbb751214527e84b1079e7"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:M7N6OR5HD7KM6OLMULC34JMSWU","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Media Bias Taxonomy: A Systematic Literature Review on the Forms and Automated Detection of Media Bias","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Bela Gipp, Fabian Haak, Helge Giese, Norman Meuschke, Smi Hinterreiter, Terry Ruas, Timo Spinde","submitted_at":"2023-12-26T18:13:52Z","abstract_excerpt":"The way the media presents events can significantly affect public perception, which in turn can alter people's beliefs and views. Media bias describes a one-sided or polarizing perspective on a topic. This article summarizes the research on computational methods to detect media bias by systematically reviewing 3140 research papers published between 2019 and 2022. To structure our review and support a mutual understanding of bias across research domains, we introduce the Media Bias Taxonomy, which provides a coherent overview of the current state of research on media bias from different perspec"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2312.16148","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2312.16148/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:26Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qNr9cblRIIAN9b5hUWLQhgkWHQ8sFpkUWMmqqJEGFvbic6cDhulKDSkfPfjA3mXcoPLV8lAZnujO9FBo7TbEBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T07:07:54.168177Z"},"content_sha256":"a470c72954f430de9f4cfbc30f31d1a540801af8a4df242ec304652255d344ed","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a470c72954f430de9f4cfbc30f31d1a540801af8a4df242ec304652255d344ed"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/M7N6OR5HD7KM6OLMULC34JMSWU/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/M7N6OR5HD7KM6OLMULC34JMSWU/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/M7N6OR5HD7KM6OLMULC34JMSWU/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-07T07:07:54Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/M7N6OR5HD7KM6OLMULC34JMSWU","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/M7N6OR5HD7KM6OLMULC34JMSWU/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/M7N6OR5HD7KM6OLMULC34JMSWU/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/M7N6OR5HD7KM6OLMULC34JMSWU/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:M7N6OR5HD7KM6OLMULC34JMSWU","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c1bfc81a763157b275754714a94e5070ac877edf60066c9016b8ce6cab65037c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2023-12-26T18:13:52Z","title_canon_sha256":"b65e432abc529329e75fb28882382a5100b520769440034bcf71a94761e65e33"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2312.16148","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2312.16148","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2312.16148v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2312.16148","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"M7N6OR5HD7KM","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"M7N6OR5HD7KM6OLM","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"M7N6OR5H","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:26Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a470c72954f430de9f4cfbc30f31d1a540801af8a4df242ec304652255d344ed","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:26Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2312.16148/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The way the media presents events can significantly affect public perception, which in turn can alter people's beliefs and views. Media bias describes a one-sided or polarizing perspective on a topic. This article summarizes the research on computational methods to detect media bias by systematically reviewing 3140 research papers published between 2019 and 2022. To structure our review and support a mutual understanding of bias across research domains, we introduce the Media Bias Taxonomy, which provides a coherent overview of the current state of research on media bias from different perspec","authors_text":"Bela Gipp, Fabian Haak, Helge Giese, Norman Meuschke, Smi Hinterreiter, Terry Ruas, Timo Spinde","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2023-12-26T18:13:52Z","title":"The Media Bias Taxonomy: A Systematic Literature Review on the Forms and Automated Detection of Media Bias"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2312.16148","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0b7ae6a475e8684a00b48a6fcab33f62a20ed55cacfbb751214527e84b1079e7","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:26Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c1bfc81a763157b275754714a94e5070ac877edf60066c9016b8ce6cab65037c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2023-12-26T18:13:52Z","title_canon_sha256":"b65e432abc529329e75fb28882382a5100b520769440034bcf71a94761e65e33"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2312.16148","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"67dbe747a71fd4cf396ca2c5be2592b536e3633d4cca99225afb3d908415c9ce","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"67dbe747a71fd4cf396ca2c5be2592b536e3633d4cca99225afb3d908415c9ce","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:26.277735Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:26.277735Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ay76PfxDs/pDwYXnKsKYw0dr7ptMuO3v2/iOcSxkoX8Ua8EXCktQgeYNb3l5RXfiJHfDdqHDkDxVmVKI0g3YDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:32:26.278141Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2312.16148","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0b7ae6a475e8684a00b48a6fcab33f62a20ed55cacfbb751214527e84b1079e7","sha256:a470c72954f430de9f4cfbc30f31d1a540801af8a4df242ec304652255d344ed"],"state_sha256":"b1f0c54954eec5a339118c519723a4d633cec7d5156c8c183e4933b8d612fb9a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"YsIHdvInWtuFYHovYW0X+9NicG8I+InB/JbU5mFNMcN2FJbpvlzjJ5xmNoCdrag2fmj32SBiV8dAjtoJyNPwDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T07:07:54.171058Z","bundle_sha256":"987e47e64154a5d75a9f99ef7eaaa53a91cc90a986424695b70ca534b1e6000f"}}