{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:MCXUCD4JHU3IABEV4JXMILKDKX","short_pith_number":"pith:MCXUCD4J","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1711.05076","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2017-09-17T08:24:47Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"4545556b13437db065f2bba39acf2a6da54e332c60eb951060e98b96850c02ad","abstract_canon_sha256":"8ddbe3e5501c5f5c5f64f2e2d32125ecc1e6ea0f8c0c03842a35bd6548a6c1c2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"60af410f893d36800495e26ec42d4355df8cb1dbeb7f507cdfd0366e724eb69d","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1711.05076","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1711.05076","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1711.05076v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1711.05076","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MCXUCD4JHU3I","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MCXUCD4JHU3IABEV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MCXUCD4J","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:MCXUCD4JHU3IABEV4JXMILKDKX","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1711.05076","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2017-09-17T08:24:47Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"4545556b13437db065f2bba39acf2a6da54e332c60eb951060e98b96850c02ad","abstract_canon_sha256":"8ddbe3e5501c5f5c5f64f2e2d32125ecc1e6ea0f8c0c03842a35bd6548a6c1c2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"60af410f893d36800495e26ec42d4355df8cb1dbeb7f507cdfd0366e724eb69d","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:03.912800Z","signature_b64":"JwXa9PWJGmf1UbvrSS5GUxym0VT0027XL0jTBuffdPEC7DORg4T3tNOlI81Sb+E0Fkc0lkj3rBRdoPuGF88rDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"60af410f893d36800495e26ec42d4355df8cb1dbeb7f507cdfd0366e724eb69d","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:03.912273Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:03.912273Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1711.05076","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:03Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zcQxnrkzViAvDvnTnj1zsUUuIZeN7GV/bfneGrSyBo+8F9KP+kDdTU57xhhKbA9uy7+rrQY5Cuop2usXt6FvBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T16:11:54.936787Z"},"content_sha256":"cee1dd70274ec396f1b1a0e05ebd159fa1e731d2445054b8e5f310a56ac9f714","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cee1dd70274ec396f1b1a0e05ebd159fa1e731d2445054b8e5f310a56ac9f714"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:MCXUCD4JHU3IABEV4JXMILKDKX","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The return to higher education: evidence from Romania","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.soc-ph"],"primary_cat":"cs.CY","authors_text":"Bogdan Oancea, Raluca Mariana Dragoescu, Richard Pospisil","submitted_at":"2017-09-17T08:24:47Z","abstract_excerpt":"Education is one of the most important components of the human capital, and an important determinant of the personal income. Estimating the rate of return to education is a main topic of economic research. In this paper we analyzed the rate of return to higher education in Romania using the well-known Mincer equation. Besides the educational level and the number of years of experience on the labor market we also used a series of socio-demographic variables such as gender, civil status, the area of residence. We were interested mainly in calculating the rate of return to higher education, there"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1711.05076","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:03Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"T8V+G0tgJgocOwWQEkuLpCERRpJsVgfxjibCLRhmdVtKuftXvVhklFMNl6C8ZfbOsdWUUDx3u7IEGR/64+f0Cg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T16:11:54.937133Z"},"content_sha256":"7678a6636afd2e310f7f4c6f1ae5282b07eaea8d1a4d5e5d8667c09f68900994","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7678a6636afd2e310f7f4c6f1ae5282b07eaea8d1a4d5e5d8667c09f68900994"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MCXUCD4JHU3IABEV4JXMILKDKX/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MCXUCD4JHU3IABEV4JXMILKDKX/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MCXUCD4JHU3IABEV4JXMILKDKX/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-27T16:11:54Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/MCXUCD4JHU3IABEV4JXMILKDKX","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/MCXUCD4JHU3IABEV4JXMILKDKX/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/MCXUCD4JHU3IABEV4JXMILKDKX/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MCXUCD4JHU3IABEV4JXMILKDKX/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:MCXUCD4JHU3IABEV4JXMILKDKX","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8ddbe3e5501c5f5c5f64f2e2d32125ecc1e6ea0f8c0c03842a35bd6548a6c1c2","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2017-09-17T08:24:47Z","title_canon_sha256":"4545556b13437db065f2bba39acf2a6da54e332c60eb951060e98b96850c02ad"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1711.05076","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1711.05076","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1711.05076v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1711.05076","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MCXUCD4JHU3I","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MCXUCD4JHU3IABEV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MCXUCD4J","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:7678a6636afd2e310f7f4c6f1ae5282b07eaea8d1a4d5e5d8667c09f68900994","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:03Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Education is one of the most important components of the human capital, and an important determinant of the personal income. Estimating the rate of return to education is a main topic of economic research. In this paper we analyzed the rate of return to higher education in Romania using the well-known Mincer equation. Besides the educational level and the number of years of experience on the labor market we also used a series of socio-demographic variables such as gender, civil status, the area of residence. We were interested mainly in calculating the rate of return to higher education, there","authors_text":"Bogdan Oancea, Raluca Mariana Dragoescu, Richard Pospisil","cross_cats":["physics.soc-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2017-09-17T08:24:47Z","title":"The return to higher education: evidence from Romania"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1711.05076","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:cee1dd70274ec396f1b1a0e05ebd159fa1e731d2445054b8e5f310a56ac9f714","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:03Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8ddbe3e5501c5f5c5f64f2e2d32125ecc1e6ea0f8c0c03842a35bd6548a6c1c2","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CY","submitted_at":"2017-09-17T08:24:47Z","title_canon_sha256":"4545556b13437db065f2bba39acf2a6da54e332c60eb951060e98b96850c02ad"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1711.05076","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"60af410f893d36800495e26ec42d4355df8cb1dbeb7f507cdfd0366e724eb69d","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"60af410f893d36800495e26ec42d4355df8cb1dbeb7f507cdfd0366e724eb69d","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:03.912273Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:03.912273Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"JwXa9PWJGmf1UbvrSS5GUxym0VT0027XL0jTBuffdPEC7DORg4T3tNOlI81Sb+E0Fkc0lkj3rBRdoPuGF88rDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:03.912800Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1711.05076","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:cee1dd70274ec396f1b1a0e05ebd159fa1e731d2445054b8e5f310a56ac9f714","sha256:7678a6636afd2e310f7f4c6f1ae5282b07eaea8d1a4d5e5d8667c09f68900994"],"state_sha256":"6c96f0ef654170b2dd2cf9f634f1940a9f0158e61ace006525c1deb2e2ba8596"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"NiIF7M4CJ2A+MKfR6RAZxYMURMdNqiKutVPH1+HSyXfmqRY9mElxYEYi8OIyupKo2VO5w5cMX7AL+VVZ8uEHAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T16:11:54.939305Z","bundle_sha256":"ec1ae77da3efe59651dbf98b63d33b5a3d969a41c6f28ae6a6320ad6ae6f8886"}}