{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:MDVNJVTVOBXFJWWPYI7J3XDS3R","short_pith_number":"pith:MDVNJVTV","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1507.06223","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2015-07-22T15:11:30Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"662201ddd3068ce90865eb0c80e8498ee65f79ba495d37fd13bae0b868a86548","abstract_canon_sha256":"3cd685dfc018d454887950fa073f411bd6bbdb63f5e547537b2ed908332eedd5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"60ead4d675706e54dacfc23e9ddc72dc41450e2e7bfc1441f0f6d97d975e8046","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1507.06223","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1507.06223","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:36:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1507.06223v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:36:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1507.06223","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:36:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MDVNJVTVOBXF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MDVNJVTVOBXFJWWP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MDVNJVTV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:32Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:MDVNJVTVOBXFJWWPYI7J3XDS3R","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1507.06223","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2015-07-22T15:11:30Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"662201ddd3068ce90865eb0c80e8498ee65f79ba495d37fd13bae0b868a86548","abstract_canon_sha256":"3cd685dfc018d454887950fa073f411bd6bbdb63f5e547537b2ed908332eedd5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"60ead4d675706e54dacfc23e9ddc72dc41450e2e7bfc1441f0f6d97d975e8046","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:36:26.343414Z","signature_b64":"ot0gQ+FeGnV/ifidiruCdqn864+Mjxv29d5b+rnMWErGQqBtI3X7lCd5bB43CWMT76Bh34OyQpeb0XP2/odCCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"60ead4d675706e54dacfc23e9ddc72dc41450e2e7bfc1441f0f6d97d975e8046","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:36:26.342775Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:36:26.342775Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1507.06223","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:36:26Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"2CtbOXey25hJRMZE8oNIIrr/1OiwCCkar5LsKDDA8OmXxnr/fv73WyFqZFkH/RqCKtFTbeISdLmX7ag5XjHlDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T07:46:03.961177Z"},"content_sha256":"b16c846fff1d95c0e39948dd405c36d5cf6bd9784e208d0bd4e2dac515edb221","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b16c846fff1d95c0e39948dd405c36d5cf6bd9784e208d0bd4e2dac515edb221"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:MDVNJVTVOBXFJWWPYI7J3XDS3R","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Analysis of the velocity field of granular hopper flow","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","authors_text":"A. P. F. Atman, F. G. R. Magalh\\~aes, H. J. Herrmann, J. G. Moreira","submitted_at":"2015-07-22T15:11:30Z","abstract_excerpt":"We report the analysis of radial characteristics of the flow of granular material through a conical hopper. The discharge is simulated for various orifice sizes and hopper opening angles. Velocity profiles are measured along two radial lines from the hopper cone vertex: along the main axis of the cone and along its wall. An approximate power law dependence on the distance from the orifice is observed for both profiles, although differences between them can be noted. In order to quantify these differences, we propose a Local Mass Flow index that is a promising tool in the direction of a more re"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1507.06223","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:36:26Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"oVEQGGDY1vwyA+tmBhpqZhTdSjTmYvVg+lsO6s1k9vekVjlrlNTORI32eFTAITpCoNxRmWEsv/wVaDW/xy0cBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T07:46:03.961535Z"},"content_sha256":"1c0ef11dabd30089d3f39326bb2a80f91f0a00eeaab807895e2402e68b6e1b0f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1c0ef11dabd30089d3f39326bb2a80f91f0a00eeaab807895e2402e68b6e1b0f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MDVNJVTVOBXFJWWPYI7J3XDS3R/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MDVNJVTVOBXFJWWPYI7J3XDS3R/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MDVNJVTVOBXFJWWPYI7J3XDS3R/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-30T07:46:03Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/MDVNJVTVOBXFJWWPYI7J3XDS3R","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/MDVNJVTVOBXFJWWPYI7J3XDS3R/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/MDVNJVTVOBXFJWWPYI7J3XDS3R/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MDVNJVTVOBXFJWWPYI7J3XDS3R/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:MDVNJVTVOBXFJWWPYI7J3XDS3R","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3cd685dfc018d454887950fa073f411bd6bbdb63f5e547537b2ed908332eedd5","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2015-07-22T15:11:30Z","title_canon_sha256":"662201ddd3068ce90865eb0c80e8498ee65f79ba495d37fd13bae0b868a86548"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1507.06223","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1507.06223","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:36:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1507.06223v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:36:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1507.06223","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:36:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MDVNJVTVOBXF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MDVNJVTVOBXFJWWP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MDVNJVTV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:32Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:1c0ef11dabd30089d3f39326bb2a80f91f0a00eeaab807895e2402e68b6e1b0f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:36:26Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We report the analysis of radial characteristics of the flow of granular material through a conical hopper. The discharge is simulated for various orifice sizes and hopper opening angles. Velocity profiles are measured along two radial lines from the hopper cone vertex: along the main axis of the cone and along its wall. An approximate power law dependence on the distance from the orifice is observed for both profiles, although differences between them can be noted. In order to quantify these differences, we propose a Local Mass Flow index that is a promising tool in the direction of a more re","authors_text":"A. P. F. Atman, F. G. R. Magalh\\~aes, H. J. Herrmann, J. G. Moreira","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2015-07-22T15:11:30Z","title":"Analysis of the velocity field of granular hopper flow"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1507.06223","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b16c846fff1d95c0e39948dd405c36d5cf6bd9784e208d0bd4e2dac515edb221","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:36:26Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3cd685dfc018d454887950fa073f411bd6bbdb63f5e547537b2ed908332eedd5","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2015-07-22T15:11:30Z","title_canon_sha256":"662201ddd3068ce90865eb0c80e8498ee65f79ba495d37fd13bae0b868a86548"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1507.06223","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"60ead4d675706e54dacfc23e9ddc72dc41450e2e7bfc1441f0f6d97d975e8046","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"60ead4d675706e54dacfc23e9ddc72dc41450e2e7bfc1441f0f6d97d975e8046","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:36:26.342775Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:36:26.342775Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ot0gQ+FeGnV/ifidiruCdqn864+Mjxv29d5b+rnMWErGQqBtI3X7lCd5bB43CWMT76Bh34OyQpeb0XP2/odCCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:36:26.343414Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1507.06223","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b16c846fff1d95c0e39948dd405c36d5cf6bd9784e208d0bd4e2dac515edb221","sha256:1c0ef11dabd30089d3f39326bb2a80f91f0a00eeaab807895e2402e68b6e1b0f"],"state_sha256":"9dce173516dcc68e4f351ebcd6e05e2427d9d267c87a325eabab531fa8e20cf6"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"+/TDLfApuph4PLN/XvmOcRaua5iDcjxe6dQrrmObciL7I81KHAQLXP3JGIsvJopWJmOhjNFuHK+CTbitcGT4Bw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T07:46:03.963586Z","bundle_sha256":"2ad4cc35cfc1821861fca2cf37cb1848f400a85c0c461e92c7193fec7ce4dcdf"}}