{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:MFMY6R7ISVH67WDJDRW2AS2ULW","short_pith_number":"pith:MFMY6R7I","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1111.4309","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.hist-ph","submitted_at":"2011-11-18T09:22:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"137fb05614bed9f82c7d6c775bcff8dc8cfe6ec3ecbcda653ac1b469c335bc58","abstract_canon_sha256":"1e5d7162d345d10bc68043bb53bcee696aac8ae39b093d514d0e7871017be53e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"61598f47e8954fefd8691c6da04b545d879938575caa036d4894a96a1b383820","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1111.4309","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1111.4309","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1111.4309v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1111.4309","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MFMY6R7ISVH6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MFMY6R7ISVH67WDJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MFMY6R7I","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:34Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:MFMY6R7ISVH67WDJDRW2AS2ULW","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1111.4309","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.hist-ph","submitted_at":"2011-11-18T09:22:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"137fb05614bed9f82c7d6c775bcff8dc8cfe6ec3ecbcda653ac1b469c335bc58","abstract_canon_sha256":"1e5d7162d345d10bc68043bb53bcee696aac8ae39b093d514d0e7871017be53e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"61598f47e8954fefd8691c6da04b545d879938575caa036d4894a96a1b383820","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:04.608030Z","signature_b64":"hc4bizZntWvEwWPa7R5RxkI+wXWbRExj0Y7bBtWiw5no9vdz18bB2ur45AZ3ItsofW1cEy4JqAVv8eOJ3izoCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"61598f47e8954fefd8691c6da04b545d879938575caa036d4894a96a1b383820","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:04.607569Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:04.607569Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1111.4309","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:04Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RTXtN5XLcfIGIqhFQPBS2jW8+giiiWhs0hWE9Z4Fn9yr+B1bh2CSfmsv9DlMHTIoi2+p3wNNIItN36OoYlh+Cw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T23:17:17.306189Z"},"content_sha256":"928be538cfe597f245145e4ec6377126198c62348effbe388bfa857c52cbd97a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:928be538cfe597f245145e4ec6377126198c62348effbe388bfa857c52cbd97a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:MFMY6R7ISVH67WDJDRW2AS2ULW","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Empirical consequences of symmetries","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.hist-ph","authors_text":"David Wallace, Hilary Greaves","submitted_at":"2011-11-18T09:22:49Z","abstract_excerpt":"`Global' symmetries, such as the boost invariance of classical mechanics and special relativity, can give rise to direct empirical counterparts such as the Galileo-ship phenomenon. However, a widely accepted line of thought holds that `local' symmetries, such as the diffeomorphism invariance of general relativity and the gauge invariance of classical electromagnetism, have no such direct empirical counterparts. We argue against this line of thought. We develop a framework for analysing the relationship between Galileo-ship empirical phenomena and physical theories that model such phenomena tha"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1111.4309","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:04Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"GmrI+Uk/QmnCdRDifdzx8OsNe9kilA+QPbzaxj9iZPESrNMfhHw8mXi0deZ0rehMZ+fVaut7PzQo+z1wO+D2Cg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T23:17:17.306597Z"},"content_sha256":"bb395bb912c6e0238c14ebba2aa513fe007c78f8c7957b61e32efd3f801a3169","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:bb395bb912c6e0238c14ebba2aa513fe007c78f8c7957b61e32efd3f801a3169"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MFMY6R7ISVH67WDJDRW2AS2ULW/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MFMY6R7ISVH67WDJDRW2AS2ULW/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MFMY6R7ISVH67WDJDRW2AS2ULW/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T23:17:17Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/MFMY6R7ISVH67WDJDRW2AS2ULW","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/MFMY6R7ISVH67WDJDRW2AS2ULW/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/MFMY6R7ISVH67WDJDRW2AS2ULW/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MFMY6R7ISVH67WDJDRW2AS2ULW/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:MFMY6R7ISVH67WDJDRW2AS2ULW","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1e5d7162d345d10bc68043bb53bcee696aac8ae39b093d514d0e7871017be53e","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.hist-ph","submitted_at":"2011-11-18T09:22:49Z","title_canon_sha256":"137fb05614bed9f82c7d6c775bcff8dc8cfe6ec3ecbcda653ac1b469c335bc58"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1111.4309","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1111.4309","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1111.4309v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1111.4309","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MFMY6R7ISVH6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MFMY6R7ISVH67WDJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MFMY6R7I","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:34Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:bb395bb912c6e0238c14ebba2aa513fe007c78f8c7957b61e32efd3f801a3169","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:04Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"`Global' symmetries, such as the boost invariance of classical mechanics and special relativity, can give rise to direct empirical counterparts such as the Galileo-ship phenomenon. However, a widely accepted line of thought holds that `local' symmetries, such as the diffeomorphism invariance of general relativity and the gauge invariance of classical electromagnetism, have no such direct empirical counterparts. We argue against this line of thought. We develop a framework for analysing the relationship between Galileo-ship empirical phenomena and physical theories that model such phenomena tha","authors_text":"David Wallace, Hilary Greaves","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.hist-ph","submitted_at":"2011-11-18T09:22:49Z","title":"Empirical consequences of symmetries"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1111.4309","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:928be538cfe597f245145e4ec6377126198c62348effbe388bfa857c52cbd97a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:04Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1e5d7162d345d10bc68043bb53bcee696aac8ae39b093d514d0e7871017be53e","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.hist-ph","submitted_at":"2011-11-18T09:22:49Z","title_canon_sha256":"137fb05614bed9f82c7d6c775bcff8dc8cfe6ec3ecbcda653ac1b469c335bc58"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1111.4309","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"61598f47e8954fefd8691c6da04b545d879938575caa036d4894a96a1b383820","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"61598f47e8954fefd8691c6da04b545d879938575caa036d4894a96a1b383820","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:04.607569Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:04.607569Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"hc4bizZntWvEwWPa7R5RxkI+wXWbRExj0Y7bBtWiw5no9vdz18bB2ur45AZ3ItsofW1cEy4JqAVv8eOJ3izoCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:08:04.608030Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1111.4309","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:928be538cfe597f245145e4ec6377126198c62348effbe388bfa857c52cbd97a","sha256:bb395bb912c6e0238c14ebba2aa513fe007c78f8c7957b61e32efd3f801a3169"],"state_sha256":"9e2d4048849c4c18b6748e334a6c261ae48ecc5f7b6d1b194febe7762c7a182f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"pGqtgtN3Zblj7zMg4uFol30O4Z3rCZAbg3D4hW+L3fAr+bloCxI72aKClawlb1nYyG81EHj1iumDuIvBVKVlBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T23:17:17.309140Z","bundle_sha256":"f0c73d9c3abff1254429d1b5d730d367b2e0e8a6148012ef0fe7387d1fd120f6"}}