{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:MHRWMW2CFUOCPEJCQVP2DUSJ3E","short_pith_number":"pith:MHRWMW2C","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2111.05349","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-11-09T19:00:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f5ab64f33baae13bfd222680fd4b18bf4da460436c2bc6f475ff157e38325585","abstract_canon_sha256":"74588df93a9966c916ee5b9edf3301c46464ca570664fa1b4b0ecba019d74b7b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"61e3665b422d1c279122855fa1d249d9086979c1565b014c1ccb260dbca11272","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2111.05349","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2111.05349","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:38:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2111.05349v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:38:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2111.05349","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:38:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MHRWMW2CFUOC","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:38:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MHRWMW2CFUOCPEJC","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:38:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MHRWMW2C","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:38:39Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:MHRWMW2CFUOCPEJCQVP2DUSJ3E","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2111.05349","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-11-09T19:00:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f5ab64f33baae13bfd222680fd4b18bf4da460436c2bc6f475ff157e38325585","abstract_canon_sha256":"74588df93a9966c916ee5b9edf3301c46464ca570664fa1b4b0ecba019d74b7b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"61e3665b422d1c279122855fa1d249d9086979c1565b014c1ccb260dbca11272","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:38:39.973161Z","signature_b64":"6lkuMZ2Q9e4G2L2Tcts91JicDGFF79Yec3vlsvfPndwSdg66vudrY3bphEOeYAQigxGl42Xeh3NBAWGX7OpzBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"61e3665b422d1c279122855fa1d249d9086979c1565b014c1ccb260dbca11272","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:38:39.972660Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:38:39.972660Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2111.05349","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:38:39Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tqp3CL6GxiIO5FxfA9fvBD+53P8A7xn+o/wfTkZPEKEmBEB4bmDrON0JzvgSJnSfm43ip8jMqaZ04QAmuTw9CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-12T09:12:16.599974Z"},"content_sha256":"07f7506a09659734f6f72f1255b3aea1dc781ec59d1769db57c97141dedc7995","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:07f7506a09659734f6f72f1255b3aea1dc781ec59d1769db57c97141dedc7995"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:MHRWMW2CFUOCPEJCQVP2DUSJ3E","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"High Molecular-Gas to Dust Mass Ratios Predicted in Most Quiescent Galaxies","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Alexandra Pope, Christina C. Williams, Desika Narayanan, Erica J. Nelson, Francesco Valentino, George C. Privon, Georgios E. Magdis, Hollis B. Akins, Joel Leja, Justin S. Spilker, Katherine E. Whitaker, Lamiya Mowla, Mohammad Akhshik, Neal Katz, Qi Li, Rachel Bezanson, Romeel Dav\\'e, Sune Toft","submitted_at":"2021-11-09T19:00:03Z","abstract_excerpt":"Observations of cold molecular gas reservoirs are critical for understanding the shutdown of star formation in massive galaxies. While dust continuum is an efficient and affordable tracer, this method relies upon the assumption of a \"normal\" molecular-gas to dust mass ratio, $\\delta_{\\mathrm{GDR}}$, typically of order one hundred. Recent null detections of quiescent galaxies in deep dust continuum observations support a picture where the cold gas and dust has been rapidly depleted or expelled. In this work, we present another viable explanation: a significant fraction of galaxies with low star"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2111.05349","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2111.05349/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:38:39Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"w0AVuJ+Tmg0+6kDKLOAsAsujgflUc58HOZJM1AqXaZlJxvNCVzOs4E4Uwlf/VwvezPkbECPTN6VjEa8PH5xJCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-12T09:12:16.600493Z"},"content_sha256":"5d3d9623ec943b956b281738714a3cdd0283ce3da7c2965b442f5ddc92a5658a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5d3d9623ec943b956b281738714a3cdd0283ce3da7c2965b442f5ddc92a5658a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MHRWMW2CFUOCPEJCQVP2DUSJ3E/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MHRWMW2CFUOCPEJCQVP2DUSJ3E/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MHRWMW2CFUOCPEJCQVP2DUSJ3E/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-12T09:12:16Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/MHRWMW2CFUOCPEJCQVP2DUSJ3E","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/MHRWMW2CFUOCPEJCQVP2DUSJ3E/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/MHRWMW2CFUOCPEJCQVP2DUSJ3E/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MHRWMW2CFUOCPEJCQVP2DUSJ3E/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:MHRWMW2CFUOCPEJCQVP2DUSJ3E","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"74588df93a9966c916ee5b9edf3301c46464ca570664fa1b4b0ecba019d74b7b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-11-09T19:00:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"f5ab64f33baae13bfd222680fd4b18bf4da460436c2bc6f475ff157e38325585"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2111.05349","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2111.05349","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:38:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2111.05349v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:38:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2111.05349","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:38:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MHRWMW2CFUOC","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:38:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MHRWMW2CFUOCPEJC","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:38:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MHRWMW2C","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:38:39Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:5d3d9623ec943b956b281738714a3cdd0283ce3da7c2965b442f5ddc92a5658a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:38:39Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2111.05349/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Observations of cold molecular gas reservoirs are critical for understanding the shutdown of star formation in massive galaxies. While dust continuum is an efficient and affordable tracer, this method relies upon the assumption of a \"normal\" molecular-gas to dust mass ratio, $\\delta_{\\mathrm{GDR}}$, typically of order one hundred. Recent null detections of quiescent galaxies in deep dust continuum observations support a picture where the cold gas and dust has been rapidly depleted or expelled. In this work, we present another viable explanation: a significant fraction of galaxies with low star","authors_text":"Alexandra Pope, Christina C. Williams, Desika Narayanan, Erica J. Nelson, Francesco Valentino, George C. Privon, Georgios E. Magdis, Hollis B. Akins, Joel Leja, Justin S. Spilker, Katherine E. Whitaker, Lamiya Mowla, Mohammad Akhshik, Neal Katz, Qi Li, Rachel Bezanson, Romeel Dav\\'e, Sune Toft","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-11-09T19:00:03Z","title":"High Molecular-Gas to Dust Mass Ratios Predicted in Most Quiescent Galaxies"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2111.05349","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:07f7506a09659734f6f72f1255b3aea1dc781ec59d1769db57c97141dedc7995","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:38:39Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"74588df93a9966c916ee5b9edf3301c46464ca570664fa1b4b0ecba019d74b7b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2021-11-09T19:00:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"f5ab64f33baae13bfd222680fd4b18bf4da460436c2bc6f475ff157e38325585"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2111.05349","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"61e3665b422d1c279122855fa1d249d9086979c1565b014c1ccb260dbca11272","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"61e3665b422d1c279122855fa1d249d9086979c1565b014c1ccb260dbca11272","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:38:39.972660Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:38:39.972660Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"6lkuMZ2Q9e4G2L2Tcts91JicDGFF79Yec3vlsvfPndwSdg66vudrY3bphEOeYAQigxGl42Xeh3NBAWGX7OpzBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:38:39.973161Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2111.05349","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:07f7506a09659734f6f72f1255b3aea1dc781ec59d1769db57c97141dedc7995","sha256:5d3d9623ec943b956b281738714a3cdd0283ce3da7c2965b442f5ddc92a5658a"],"state_sha256":"68cb5380defa324aae406e41655af27d3137f0f44df43ede8d4c9ab004a1e082"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rai0LF0jksswPhTCnn4LzY6aPhtvpDefV8xmN43D9Exe8HsZHSh7y1bZSVhajmhAos+rqT9xFY6Ju1TSaIvGAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-12T09:12:16.604808Z","bundle_sha256":"0222a7a0bf8df5d87a2278c910a4d73dc572cbc0eace6a07d983725b84f27f01"}}