{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:MIPBVA2J4OXOZ3V3BO76QMK3QH","short_pith_number":"pith:MIPBVA2J","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1211.0737","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2012-11-05T00:11:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR","math.IT"],"title_canon_sha256":"0b832da69715b8dfa89c6cc11f9c4ccc0bb68df0edf922e7ecfe409748085aa5","abstract_canon_sha256":"3aac31e884ca62b3ee8ed5b7597ec6be5d62bab4c3864b65185ef55a1a0bd0b5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"621e1a8349e3aeeceebb0bbfe8315b81d3efa449c93478442acb472f0d3449b6","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1211.0737","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1211.0737","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1211.0737v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1211.0737","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MIPBVA2J4OXO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MIPBVA2J4OXOZ3V3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MIPBVA2J","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:14Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:MIPBVA2J4OXOZ3V3BO76QMK3QH","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1211.0737","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2012-11-05T00:11:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR","math.IT"],"title_canon_sha256":"0b832da69715b8dfa89c6cc11f9c4ccc0bb68df0edf922e7ecfe409748085aa5","abstract_canon_sha256":"3aac31e884ca62b3ee8ed5b7597ec6be5d62bab4c3864b65185ef55a1a0bd0b5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"621e1a8349e3aeeceebb0bbfe8315b81d3efa449c93478442acb472f0d3449b6","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:47.644866Z","signature_b64":"cBagyen6wpve5uRKjHhKZI1PS0btRtW1sb/ZR9fCWPV7aNSFplne5hxam2wE4nVrMGxlL2o+lDopkMHoNjmEDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"621e1a8349e3aeeceebb0bbfe8315b81d3efa449c93478442acb472f0d3449b6","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:47.644370Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:47.644370Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1211.0737","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:47Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"F5YUhXSuLOqsONtpL23ZFDs47CdxLVu2lOdRYigBrufJSQ+zQvx/VpV4dvUSS6+HmjBPsei6wAINEZEz2Y09Dw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T18:20:01.346939Z"},"content_sha256":"5815ce2bbfc8003470bc6e99ebe25765233e8d3e41f5e892df4c3b0c0cc51074","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5815ce2bbfc8003470bc6e99ebe25765233e8d3e41f5e892df4c3b0c0cc51074"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:MIPBVA2J4OXOZ3V3BO76QMK3QH","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Optimal Information-Theoretic Wireless Location Verification","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CR","math.IT"],"primary_cat":"cs.IT","authors_text":"Gareth W. Peters, Ido Nevat, Robert Malaney, Shihao Yan","submitted_at":"2012-11-05T00:11:44Z","abstract_excerpt":"We develop a new Location Verification System (LVS) focussed on network-based Intelligent Transport Systems and vehicular ad hoc networks. The algorithm we develop is based on an information-theoretic framework which uses the received signal strength (RSS) from a network of base-stations and the claimed position. Based on this information we derive the optimal decision regarding the verification of the user's location. Our algorithm is optimal in the sense of maximizing the mutual information between its input and output data. Our approach is based on the practical scenario in which a non-coll"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1211.0737","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:47Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vFYWbAW9k2BpLDJJoU0J92XWssPz/vOZoHbOZGbFyGhx49QCHlajDtnE6XcDz3tHeZx4npe1asD7MBAAycwUCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T18:20:01.347524Z"},"content_sha256":"02a660922836bc72cb5f9d717ad8d769baa92b3514671b39d74310e717046d52","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:02a660922836bc72cb5f9d717ad8d769baa92b3514671b39d74310e717046d52"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MIPBVA2J4OXOZ3V3BO76QMK3QH/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MIPBVA2J4OXOZ3V3BO76QMK3QH/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MIPBVA2J4OXOZ3V3BO76QMK3QH/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T18:20:01Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/MIPBVA2J4OXOZ3V3BO76QMK3QH","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/MIPBVA2J4OXOZ3V3BO76QMK3QH/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/MIPBVA2J4OXOZ3V3BO76QMK3QH/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MIPBVA2J4OXOZ3V3BO76QMK3QH/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:MIPBVA2J4OXOZ3V3BO76QMK3QH","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3aac31e884ca62b3ee8ed5b7597ec6be5d62bab4c3864b65185ef55a1a0bd0b5","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR","math.IT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2012-11-05T00:11:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"0b832da69715b8dfa89c6cc11f9c4ccc0bb68df0edf922e7ecfe409748085aa5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1211.0737","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1211.0737","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1211.0737v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1211.0737","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MIPBVA2J4OXO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MIPBVA2J4OXOZ3V3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MIPBVA2J","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:14Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:02a660922836bc72cb5f9d717ad8d769baa92b3514671b39d74310e717046d52","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:47Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We develop a new Location Verification System (LVS) focussed on network-based Intelligent Transport Systems and vehicular ad hoc networks. The algorithm we develop is based on an information-theoretic framework which uses the received signal strength (RSS) from a network of base-stations and the claimed position. Based on this information we derive the optimal decision regarding the verification of the user's location. Our algorithm is optimal in the sense of maximizing the mutual information between its input and output data. Our approach is based on the practical scenario in which a non-coll","authors_text":"Gareth W. Peters, Ido Nevat, Robert Malaney, Shihao Yan","cross_cats":["cs.CR","math.IT"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2012-11-05T00:11:44Z","title":"Optimal Information-Theoretic Wireless Location Verification"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1211.0737","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:5815ce2bbfc8003470bc6e99ebe25765233e8d3e41f5e892df4c3b0c0cc51074","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:47Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3aac31e884ca62b3ee8ed5b7597ec6be5d62bab4c3864b65185ef55a1a0bd0b5","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR","math.IT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2012-11-05T00:11:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"0b832da69715b8dfa89c6cc11f9c4ccc0bb68df0edf922e7ecfe409748085aa5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1211.0737","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"621e1a8349e3aeeceebb0bbfe8315b81d3efa449c93478442acb472f0d3449b6","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"621e1a8349e3aeeceebb0bbfe8315b81d3efa449c93478442acb472f0d3449b6","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:47.644370Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:47.644370Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"cBagyen6wpve5uRKjHhKZI1PS0btRtW1sb/ZR9fCWPV7aNSFplne5hxam2wE4nVrMGxlL2o+lDopkMHoNjmEDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:40:47.644866Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1211.0737","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:5815ce2bbfc8003470bc6e99ebe25765233e8d3e41f5e892df4c3b0c0cc51074","sha256:02a660922836bc72cb5f9d717ad8d769baa92b3514671b39d74310e717046d52"],"state_sha256":"c80d61ccc06bbd3db59e78830cda69486704fbdc42ed7c1f103d899c9f3c9ba9"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"+iqKhnKvoVzDvL3PkDkznPArJJKn8fqE47ow5G8QhWLCmlxtI6FmsovUT/4CPKkXNc9gBiRH4ameFNgXpHWUDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T18:20:01.350659Z","bundle_sha256":"dade4e7c4348b2df7b924df04e70209f3e870f877ebdac3324af4d29e15acea6"}}