{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:1999:MJICU2T75TFZAORJAJ77IEIZ6M","short_pith_number":"pith:MJICU2T7","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"62502a6a7feccb903a29027ff41119f310bda7d8e176200d17330dbf413f49c6","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"gr-qc/9903031","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Quasinormal Modes of Dirty Black Holes","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"C. Y. Tam, K. Young, P.T. Leung, W.-M. Suen, Y. T. Liu","submitted_at":"1999-03-08T22:37:53Z","abstract_excerpt":"Quasinormal mode (QNM) gravitational radiation from black holes is expected to be observed in a few years. A perturbative formula is derived for the shifts in both the real and the imaginary part of the QNM frequencies away from those of an idealized isolated black hole. The formulation provides a tool for understanding how the astrophysical environment surrounding a black hole, e.g., a massive accretion disk, affects the QNM spectrum of gravitational waves. We show, in a simple model, that the perturbed QNM spectrum can have interesting features."},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"gr-qc/9903031","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"1999-03-08T22:37:53Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a58ab7922544c2976932de59fdecad15cf84a74ab29ff6bc7e5c101409ee4967","abstract_canon_sha256":"aeda5f7c2ecad6bc7fdebc81f765c8784d894499abf7ba62f0eaa3192d614476"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T16:13:49.864961Z","signature_b64":"eX6GJ6zHTSQDSreFIz6TthBw6NVnlyQbo5w76P5kdeikh0Lh++jn4ykDrineppIN4oVcDVnGfHzKiFnALoQfDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"62502a6a7feccb903a29027ff41119f310bda7d8e176200d17330dbf413f49c6","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T16:13:49.864559Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T16:13:49.864559Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Quasinormal Modes of Dirty Black Holes","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"C. Y. Tam, K. Young, P.T. Leung, W.-M. Suen, Y. T. Liu","submitted_at":"1999-03-08T22:37:53Z","abstract_excerpt":"Quasinormal mode (QNM) gravitational radiation from black holes is expected to be observed in a few years. A perturbative formula is derived for the shifts in both the real and the imaginary part of the QNM frequencies away from those of an idealized isolated black hole. The formulation provides a tool for understanding how the astrophysical environment surrounding a black hole, e.g., a massive accretion disk, affects the QNM spectrum of gravitational waves. We show, in a simple model, that the perturbed QNM spectrum can have interesting features."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"gr-qc/9903031","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/gr-qc/9903031/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"gr-qc/9903031","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:13:49.864621+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"gr-qc/9903031v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:13:49.864621+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.gr-qc/9903031","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:13:49.864621+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MJICU2T75TFZ","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:13:49.864621+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MJICU2T75TFZAORJ","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:13:49.864621+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MJICU2T7","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:13:49.864621+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":4,"internal_anchor_count":3,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2606.00166","citing_title":"Cascading amplification of gravitational waves triggered by environment in dynamical Chern-Simons gravity","ref_index":38,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2606.31330","citing_title":"Two-scalar-field $f(R)$ Thick Branes, Gravitational Resonances and Quasinormal Modes","ref_index":26,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2511.00565","citing_title":"Reflectionless and echo modes in asymmetric Damour-Solodukhin wormholes","ref_index":35,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2505.23895","citing_title":"Black hole spectroscopy: from theory to experiment","ref_index":197,"is_internal_anchor":false}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/MJICU2T75TFZAORJAJ77IEIZ6M","json":"https://pith.science/pith/MJICU2T75TFZAORJAJ77IEIZ6M.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/MJICU2T75TFZAORJAJ77IEIZ6M/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/MJICU2T75TFZAORJAJ77IEIZ6M/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/MJICU2T7"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/MJICU2T75TFZAORJAJ77IEIZ6M","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/MJICU2T75TFZAORJAJ77IEIZ6M.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/MJICU2T7","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=gr-qc/9903031&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/MJICU2T75TFZAORJAJ77IEIZ6M/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/MJICU2T75TFZAORJAJ77IEIZ6M/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/MJICU2T75TFZAORJAJ77IEIZ6M/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/MJICU2T75TFZAORJAJ77IEIZ6M/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/MJICU2T75TFZAORJAJ77IEIZ6M/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/MJICU2T75TFZAORJAJ77IEIZ6M/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/MJICU2T75TFZAORJAJ77IEIZ6M/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-04T16:13:49.864621+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-04T16:13:49.864621+00:00"}