{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2019:MKDHZCWWNOB32XTSLVIWWAE7DT","short_pith_number":"pith:MKDHZCWW","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"62867c8ad66b83bd5e725d516b009f1ce09720e6c7ccf432ca615c7cc0a00a4a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1903.09642","version":3},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Gravitational wave energy budget in strongly supercooled phase transitions","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"primary_cat":"hep-ph","authors_text":"John Ellis, Jos\\'e Miguel No, Marek Lewicki, Ville Vaskonen","submitted_at":"2019-03-22T17:57:16Z","abstract_excerpt":"We derive efficiency factors for the production of gravitational waves through bubble collisions and plasma-related sources in strong phase transitions, and find the conditions under which the bubble collisions can contribute significantly to the signal. We use lattice simulations to clarify the dependence of the colliding bubbles on their initial state. We illustrate our findings in two examples, the Standard Model with an extra $|H|^6$ interaction and a classically scale-invariant $U(1)_{\\rm B-L}$ extension of the Standard Model. The contribution to the GW spectrum from bubble collisions is "},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1903.09642","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2019-03-22T17:57:16Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"6e589d3e2145e756e1bd38f66d05de57c0164f1560b8a51d208fd51a7d207165","abstract_canon_sha256":"11ced9c58900f71f62615f432fbba5782c426e64407742dba680b00361236ab8"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:23.089508Z","signature_b64":"F864YJP0zkMRQ+LU0ulwD7KTGqtA812bQxUVa3WUaCfSel9qcwdgSH8GsEC5ssi6o8V8fJo62C17jGo3GH9bCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"62867c8ad66b83bd5e725d516b009f1ce09720e6c7ccf432ca615c7cc0a00a4a","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:23.088892Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:23.088892Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Gravitational wave energy budget in strongly supercooled phase transitions","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"primary_cat":"hep-ph","authors_text":"John Ellis, Jos\\'e Miguel No, Marek Lewicki, Ville Vaskonen","submitted_at":"2019-03-22T17:57:16Z","abstract_excerpt":"We derive efficiency factors for the production of gravitational waves through bubble collisions and plasma-related sources in strong phase transitions, and find the conditions under which the bubble collisions can contribute significantly to the signal. We use lattice simulations to clarify the dependence of the colliding bubbles on their initial state. We illustrate our findings in two examples, the Standard Model with an extra $|H|^6$ interaction and a classically scale-invariant $U(1)_{\\rm B-L}$ extension of the Standard Model. The contribution to the GW spectrum from bubble collisions is "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1903.09642","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1903.09642","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:23.088980+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1903.09642v3","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:23.088980+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1903.09642","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:23.088980+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MKDHZCWWNOB3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:21.387695+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MKDHZCWWNOB32XTS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:21.387695+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MKDHZCWW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:21.387695+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":12,"internal_anchor_count":10,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"1910.13125","citing_title":"Detecting gravitational waves from cosmological phase transitions with LISA: an update","ref_index":41,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2002.04615","citing_title":"New Sensitivity Curves for Gravitational-Wave Signals from Cosmological Phase Transitions","ref_index":148,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2408.03649","citing_title":"Probing radiative electroweak symmetry breaking with colliders and gravitational waves","ref_index":65,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2410.23348","citing_title":"Observable CMB B-modes from Cosmological Phase Transitions","ref_index":70,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2603.09126","citing_title":"Dark matter in classically conformal theories: WIMP and supercooling","ref_index":45,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2602.20246","citing_title":"Supercooled Phase Transitions with Radiative Symmetry Breaking","ref_index":83,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.19197","citing_title":"CP-violating multi-field phase transitions and gravitational waves in a hidden NJL sector","ref_index":88,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2509.10456","citing_title":"Gravitational Wave Signature and the Nature of Neutrino Masses: Majorana, Dirac, or Pseudo-Dirac?","ref_index":62,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2601.02458","citing_title":"Cosmic Collider Gravitational Waves sourced by Right-handed Neutrino production from Bubbles: Testing Seesaw, Leptogenesis and Dark Matter","ref_index":268,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.15197","citing_title":"Primordial Black Hole from Tensor-induced Density Fluctuation: First-order Phase Transitions and Domain Walls","ref_index":296,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.19197","citing_title":"CP-violating multi-field phase transitions and gravitational waves in a hidden NJL sector","ref_index":88,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.09081","citing_title":"Probing High-Quality Axions with Gravitational Waves","ref_index":36,"is_internal_anchor":false}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/MKDHZCWWNOB32XTSLVIWWAE7DT","json":"https://pith.science/pith/MKDHZCWWNOB32XTSLVIWWAE7DT.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/MKDHZCWWNOB32XTSLVIWWAE7DT/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/MKDHZCWWNOB32XTSLVIWWAE7DT/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/MKDHZCWW"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/MKDHZCWWNOB32XTSLVIWWAE7DT","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/MKDHZCWWNOB32XTSLVIWWAE7DT.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/MKDHZCWW","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1903.09642&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/MKDHZCWWNOB32XTSLVIWWAE7DT/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/MKDHZCWWNOB32XTSLVIWWAE7DT/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/MKDHZCWWNOB32XTSLVIWWAE7DT/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/MKDHZCWWNOB32XTSLVIWWAE7DT/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/MKDHZCWWNOB32XTSLVIWWAE7DT/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/MKDHZCWWNOB32XTSLVIWWAE7DT/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/MKDHZCWWNOB32XTSLVIWWAE7DT/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:23.088980+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-17T23:43:23.088980+00:00"}