{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:MN2L2OJ72BQYKAKUN7AZOTCKXI","short_pith_number":"pith:MN2L2OJ7","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1806.06757","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2018-06-18T15:13:18Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"242fc440d0525a73960cb00ec710bba80bad28e62ae8ce1b565bcb168d7f93a3","abstract_canon_sha256":"06606d0d6590c66bb2d1b709ab7724b4ba9f33ef4791d2211c0c72188e57516f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6374bd393fd0618501546fc1974c4aba12e2f7e78334cb4474f80fe9ff4fdadf","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1806.06757","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1806.06757","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1806.06757v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1806.06757","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MN2L2OJ72BQY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MN2L2OJ72BQYKAKU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MN2L2OJ7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:MN2L2OJ72BQYKAKUN7AZOTCKXI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1806.06757","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2018-06-18T15:13:18Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"242fc440d0525a73960cb00ec710bba80bad28e62ae8ce1b565bcb168d7f93a3","abstract_canon_sha256":"06606d0d6590c66bb2d1b709ab7724b4ba9f33ef4791d2211c0c72188e57516f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6374bd393fd0618501546fc1974c4aba12e2f7e78334cb4474f80fe9ff4fdadf","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:40.926145Z","signature_b64":"KQxm/B/X/FKb1kH49E9ssKjaU7xWiYODuQcH2/j1Q1c8jBC+eRACex0m0/oiMyEGd/jDcTvVfDschtNWaUsOAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6374bd393fd0618501546fc1974c4aba12e2f7e78334cb4474f80fe9ff4fdadf","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:40.925402Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:40.925402Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1806.06757","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0TMN7OIm6zCOa2bF1GUuKCgm08UGMpHLv+8vjqlN/4PvnY+u3MOln//UvNBd3qAxLQBwDOjZ4xU/eY31FSoZAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T16:38:01.047233Z"},"content_sha256":"d79808466528d50e8f163ea8d077e43a61203bb8cdf11facdbda552ae4fa967a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d79808466528d50e8f163ea8d077e43a61203bb8cdf11facdbda552ae4fa967a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:MN2L2OJ72BQYKAKUN7AZOTCKXI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Electroluminescence on-off ratio control of n-i-n GaAs/AlGaAs-based resonant tunneling structures","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","authors_text":"A. Pfenning, E. C. Santos, E. D. Guarin, E. R. Cardozo de Oliveira, F. Hartmann, G. E. Marques, L. Worschech, M. D. Teodoro, Sven H\\\"ofling, V. Lopez-Richard","submitted_at":"2018-06-18T15:13:18Z","abstract_excerpt":"We explore the nature of the electroluminescence (EL) emission of purely n-doped GaAs/AlGaAs resonant tunneling diodes (RTDs) and the EL evolution with voltage. A singular feature of such a device is unveiled when the electrical output current changes from high to low and the EL on-off ratio is enhanced by 2 orders of magnitude compared to the current on-off ratio. By combining the EL and current properties, we are able to identify two independent impact ionization channels associated with the coherent resonant tunneling current and the incoherent valley current. We also perform the same inves"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1806.06757","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"guf9tUZB87O6QyL2M8R0+ZmVmWWciWfRpChxflts5R7xr8iFGDHMHgPgPLj65CQ3gBqfIHUvRqGghRPVjej1AQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T16:38:01.047607Z"},"content_sha256":"da66e86983dea0d26b5dc5fbad189b5a1777260821d174c84175e53ec314c7a3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:da66e86983dea0d26b5dc5fbad189b5a1777260821d174c84175e53ec314c7a3"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MN2L2OJ72BQYKAKUN7AZOTCKXI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MN2L2OJ72BQYKAKUN7AZOTCKXI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MN2L2OJ72BQYKAKUN7AZOTCKXI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-01T16:38:01Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/MN2L2OJ72BQYKAKUN7AZOTCKXI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/MN2L2OJ72BQYKAKUN7AZOTCKXI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/MN2L2OJ72BQYKAKUN7AZOTCKXI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MN2L2OJ72BQYKAKUN7AZOTCKXI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:MN2L2OJ72BQYKAKUN7AZOTCKXI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"06606d0d6590c66bb2d1b709ab7724b4ba9f33ef4791d2211c0c72188e57516f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2018-06-18T15:13:18Z","title_canon_sha256":"242fc440d0525a73960cb00ec710bba80bad28e62ae8ce1b565bcb168d7f93a3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1806.06757","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1806.06757","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1806.06757v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1806.06757","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MN2L2OJ72BQY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MN2L2OJ72BQYKAKU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MN2L2OJ7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:37Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:da66e86983dea0d26b5dc5fbad189b5a1777260821d174c84175e53ec314c7a3","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We explore the nature of the electroluminescence (EL) emission of purely n-doped GaAs/AlGaAs resonant tunneling diodes (RTDs) and the EL evolution with voltage. A singular feature of such a device is unveiled when the electrical output current changes from high to low and the EL on-off ratio is enhanced by 2 orders of magnitude compared to the current on-off ratio. By combining the EL and current properties, we are able to identify two independent impact ionization channels associated with the coherent resonant tunneling current and the incoherent valley current. We also perform the same inves","authors_text":"A. Pfenning, E. C. Santos, E. D. Guarin, E. R. Cardozo de Oliveira, F. Hartmann, G. E. Marques, L. Worschech, M. D. Teodoro, Sven H\\\"ofling, V. Lopez-Richard","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2018-06-18T15:13:18Z","title":"Electroluminescence on-off ratio control of n-i-n GaAs/AlGaAs-based resonant tunneling structures"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1806.06757","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d79808466528d50e8f163ea8d077e43a61203bb8cdf11facdbda552ae4fa967a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"06606d0d6590c66bb2d1b709ab7724b4ba9f33ef4791d2211c0c72188e57516f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2018-06-18T15:13:18Z","title_canon_sha256":"242fc440d0525a73960cb00ec710bba80bad28e62ae8ce1b565bcb168d7f93a3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1806.06757","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"6374bd393fd0618501546fc1974c4aba12e2f7e78334cb4474f80fe9ff4fdadf","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6374bd393fd0618501546fc1974c4aba12e2f7e78334cb4474f80fe9ff4fdadf","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:40.925402Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:40.925402Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"KQxm/B/X/FKb1kH49E9ssKjaU7xWiYODuQcH2/j1Q1c8jBC+eRACex0m0/oiMyEGd/jDcTvVfDschtNWaUsOAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:40.926145Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1806.06757","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d79808466528d50e8f163ea8d077e43a61203bb8cdf11facdbda552ae4fa967a","sha256:da66e86983dea0d26b5dc5fbad189b5a1777260821d174c84175e53ec314c7a3"],"state_sha256":"991cd86ea27279f49f1b34a548374ee9aa8353cad36976bde2da7cc6bfb2f136"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"MkgPmHz3Yty0RomMkepHXz8u8/M1jy3+Hf64iOkDu27738e+ddRw0JyptuHc+zDmsDEm2b6V0RqyC9LU+Mv7Ag==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T16:38:01.049561Z","bundle_sha256":"2fd4e6499694ebd2c6be20aec51fae704744f7091453ab08d5779ce3117a47e8"}}