{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:MPDRDOAGWD5SEVTMPNDBPB2ND5","short_pith_number":"pith:MPDRDOAG","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1612.04183","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2016-12-12T09:10:46Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"5f4af20646de0a82c6d469ee26832b42b3ab06ece25b9db1df6cba8913363c95","abstract_canon_sha256":"b58bf00c39e804cba63a2b703900c2f7e683a45dc585a2208f8ef6cf304f304f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"63c711b806b0fb22566c7b4617874d1f4535c3cc24ab8a84cbb2c928be28de89","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1612.04183","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1612.04183","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1612.04183v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1612.04183","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MPDRDOAGWD5S","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MPDRDOAGWD5SEVTM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MPDRDOAG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:32Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:MPDRDOAGWD5SEVTMPNDBPB2ND5","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1612.04183","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2016-12-12T09:10:46Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"5f4af20646de0a82c6d469ee26832b42b3ab06ece25b9db1df6cba8913363c95","abstract_canon_sha256":"b58bf00c39e804cba63a2b703900c2f7e683a45dc585a2208f8ef6cf304f304f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"63c711b806b0fb22566c7b4617874d1f4535c3cc24ab8a84cbb2c928be28de89","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:30.240665Z","signature_b64":"xWNTeP0cAr5N3YmtQo9dP9hXb8Y3d732koaxnqlqZo6tb5i4f+wJXtNvoss2BtdaQInP6pzAxfB9g2BFxZUVBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"63c711b806b0fb22566c7b4617874d1f4535c3cc24ab8a84cbb2c928be28de89","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:30.239994Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:30.239994Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1612.04183","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"isFnodJqpgukdlOKg+d6JR8Y4RWhdZqrVKiyybfL0IqiOFz7L3/oETaChry3XZYp1ySIgSiuwqXwPeZTwYESAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T07:41:39.398434Z"},"content_sha256":"b7cb09b0ede05edfbf4ebb1b1ece947f29efd4f4a37bd5b48ed91e570f0ddb2c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b7cb09b0ede05edfbf4ebb1b1ece947f29efd4f4a37bd5b48ed91e570f0ddb2c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:MPDRDOAGWD5SEVTMPNDBPB2ND5","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Interactive (statistical) visualisation and exploration of a billion objects with Vaex","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","authors_text":"Maarten A. Breddels","submitted_at":"2016-12-12T09:10:46Z","abstract_excerpt":"With new catalogues arriving such as the Gaia DR1, containing more than a billion objects, new methods of handling and visualizing these data volumes are needed. In visualization, one problem is that the number of datapoints can become so large, that a scatter plot becomes cluttered. Another problem is that with over a billion objects, only a few cpu cycles are available per object if one wants to process them within a second, making traditional methods by rendering glyphs not viable. Instead, we show that by calculating statistics on a regular (N-dimensional) grid, visualizations of a billion"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1612.04183","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"HkTA57kMnUQPDnU8mrkkcfXHgGsFElDSXDGLt/YXkfynHfZ/WG2K8q2SYe/OjDKsKAJ4XfcjP+djyEX9gAl3Bg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T07:41:39.398790Z"},"content_sha256":"98aa06671caa5ba0f25137553f5618515eb2caf1d61a8a2195bf35245a660ed0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:98aa06671caa5ba0f25137553f5618515eb2caf1d61a8a2195bf35245a660ed0"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MPDRDOAGWD5SEVTMPNDBPB2ND5/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MPDRDOAGWD5SEVTMPNDBPB2ND5/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MPDRDOAGWD5SEVTMPNDBPB2ND5/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-03T07:41:39Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/MPDRDOAGWD5SEVTMPNDBPB2ND5","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/MPDRDOAGWD5SEVTMPNDBPB2ND5/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/MPDRDOAGWD5SEVTMPNDBPB2ND5/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MPDRDOAGWD5SEVTMPNDBPB2ND5/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:MPDRDOAGWD5SEVTMPNDBPB2ND5","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b58bf00c39e804cba63a2b703900c2f7e683a45dc585a2208f8ef6cf304f304f","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2016-12-12T09:10:46Z","title_canon_sha256":"5f4af20646de0a82c6d469ee26832b42b3ab06ece25b9db1df6cba8913363c95"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1612.04183","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1612.04183","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1612.04183v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1612.04183","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MPDRDOAGWD5S","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MPDRDOAGWD5SEVTM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MPDRDOAG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:32Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:98aa06671caa5ba0f25137553f5618515eb2caf1d61a8a2195bf35245a660ed0","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"With new catalogues arriving such as the Gaia DR1, containing more than a billion objects, new methods of handling and visualizing these data volumes are needed. In visualization, one problem is that the number of datapoints can become so large, that a scatter plot becomes cluttered. Another problem is that with over a billion objects, only a few cpu cycles are available per object if one wants to process them within a second, making traditional methods by rendering glyphs not viable. Instead, we show that by calculating statistics on a regular (N-dimensional) grid, visualizations of a billion","authors_text":"Maarten A. Breddels","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2016-12-12T09:10:46Z","title":"Interactive (statistical) visualisation and exploration of a billion objects with Vaex"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1612.04183","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b7cb09b0ede05edfbf4ebb1b1ece947f29efd4f4a37bd5b48ed91e570f0ddb2c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b58bf00c39e804cba63a2b703900c2f7e683a45dc585a2208f8ef6cf304f304f","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2016-12-12T09:10:46Z","title_canon_sha256":"5f4af20646de0a82c6d469ee26832b42b3ab06ece25b9db1df6cba8913363c95"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1612.04183","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"63c711b806b0fb22566c7b4617874d1f4535c3cc24ab8a84cbb2c928be28de89","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"63c711b806b0fb22566c7b4617874d1f4535c3cc24ab8a84cbb2c928be28de89","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:30.239994Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:30.239994Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"xWNTeP0cAr5N3YmtQo9dP9hXb8Y3d732koaxnqlqZo6tb5i4f+wJXtNvoss2BtdaQInP6pzAxfB9g2BFxZUVBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:42:30.240665Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1612.04183","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b7cb09b0ede05edfbf4ebb1b1ece947f29efd4f4a37bd5b48ed91e570f0ddb2c","sha256:98aa06671caa5ba0f25137553f5618515eb2caf1d61a8a2195bf35245a660ed0"],"state_sha256":"71d8b963eaf1f050816a3114dedb530b96b3e27cc195cc40d8394d660b910c46"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7m5MhVNP0IAqjLR8le7zXK/OqV+2MUV/IHHDxPGkzP3mM8I0UYArZuO0YP1WlCiqA9pjIOkjJ5H21iCx4wSZAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T07:41:39.400797Z","bundle_sha256":"a6fedaa875da735d76e540f3a169766e4fabe3f2b80107eb8396754b474c0734"}}