{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:MPHIBJAEQHOKKXSJ36RQZSDN5X","short_pith_number":"pith:MPHIBJAE","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1304.1586","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2013-04-05T00:01:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"9ced23adc36b1ad19da246a3eec6e855aa03cc7d638a0fcc8121aef75db2e0af","abstract_canon_sha256":"d38aa17f2912690328dfcc116d66088ea328efab8cb58c9e074d44e552059bff"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"63ce80a40481dca55e49dfa30cc86dedf2bd6cb0dad9d82fd66622993b9a5288","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1304.1586","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1304.1586","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1304.1586v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1304.1586","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MPHIBJAEQHOK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MPHIBJAEQHOKKXSJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MPHIBJAE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:52Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:MPHIBJAEQHOKKXSJ36RQZSDN5X","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1304.1586","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2013-04-05T00:01:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"9ced23adc36b1ad19da246a3eec6e855aa03cc7d638a0fcc8121aef75db2e0af","abstract_canon_sha256":"d38aa17f2912690328dfcc116d66088ea328efab8cb58c9e074d44e552059bff"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"63ce80a40481dca55e49dfa30cc86dedf2bd6cb0dad9d82fd66622993b9a5288","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:42.667757Z","signature_b64":"aU3ppdJUjE8fEzkhCFlD7yrNlRzvY76aLpW+FmWak1EWKf8oCa7QiYk1AQQktLiQFvJOGiIsofr9q3LBijnBDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"63ce80a40481dca55e49dfa30cc86dedf2bd6cb0dad9d82fd66622993b9a5288","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:42.667116Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:42.667116Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1304.1586","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4kXKQYaWxbWchIlPzUpjbMBJrf29gRUojtrw2JIEq1soWFimQk+js9IOAMA5BZFsik+1pA2BcwtfPNanIZ5bAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T11:34:22.702342Z"},"content_sha256":"15397bd4897b8685028f84988cc8bdb7b06a30c9eb76169899703ad64aab75a1","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:15397bd4897b8685028f84988cc8bdb7b06a30c9eb76169899703ad64aab75a1"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:MPHIBJAEQHOKKXSJ36RQZSDN5X","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Clumping and the Interpretation of kpc-Scale Maps of the Interstellar Medium: Smooth HI and Clumpy, Variable H2 Surface Density","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Adam K. Leroy, Alberto Bolatto, Andreas Schruba, Annie Hughes, Cheoljong Lee, Eva Schinnerer, Fabian Walter, Jerome Pety, Karin Sandstrom","submitted_at":"2013-04-05T00:01:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"Many recent models consider the structure of individual interstellar medium (ISM) clouds as a way to explain observations of large parts of galaxies. To compare such models to observations, one must understand how to translate between surface densities observed averaging over large (~kpc) scales and surface densities on the scale of individual clouds (~pc scale), which are treated by models. We define a \"clumping factor\" that captures this translation as the ratio of the mass-weighted surface density, which is often the quantity of physical interest, to the area-weighted surface density, which"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1304.1586","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9tAR+3pY612AfPRqn2gwOrFmFQFx3swt/djbhGM1d+7ZhT6+/6gLV8VO7/N1wsLOH6Ic/EMOX93LnV0Tb7fuBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T11:34:22.702700Z"},"content_sha256":"90f41eecca5a5e65ec4a60c9e04c74b916d2b4539898ebf233fa79034cfab85c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:90f41eecca5a5e65ec4a60c9e04c74b916d2b4539898ebf233fa79034cfab85c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MPHIBJAEQHOKKXSJ36RQZSDN5X/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MPHIBJAEQHOKKXSJ36RQZSDN5X/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MPHIBJAEQHOKKXSJ36RQZSDN5X/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T11:34:22Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/MPHIBJAEQHOKKXSJ36RQZSDN5X","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/MPHIBJAEQHOKKXSJ36RQZSDN5X/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/MPHIBJAEQHOKKXSJ36RQZSDN5X/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MPHIBJAEQHOKKXSJ36RQZSDN5X/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:MPHIBJAEQHOKKXSJ36RQZSDN5X","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d38aa17f2912690328dfcc116d66088ea328efab8cb58c9e074d44e552059bff","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2013-04-05T00:01:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"9ced23adc36b1ad19da246a3eec6e855aa03cc7d638a0fcc8121aef75db2e0af"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1304.1586","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1304.1586","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1304.1586v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1304.1586","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MPHIBJAEQHOK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MPHIBJAEQHOKKXSJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MPHIBJAE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:52Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:90f41eecca5a5e65ec4a60c9e04c74b916d2b4539898ebf233fa79034cfab85c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Many recent models consider the structure of individual interstellar medium (ISM) clouds as a way to explain observations of large parts of galaxies. To compare such models to observations, one must understand how to translate between surface densities observed averaging over large (~kpc) scales and surface densities on the scale of individual clouds (~pc scale), which are treated by models. We define a \"clumping factor\" that captures this translation as the ratio of the mass-weighted surface density, which is often the quantity of physical interest, to the area-weighted surface density, which","authors_text":"Adam K. Leroy, Alberto Bolatto, Andreas Schruba, Annie Hughes, Cheoljong Lee, Eva Schinnerer, Fabian Walter, Jerome Pety, Karin Sandstrom","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2013-04-05T00:01:04Z","title":"Clumping and the Interpretation of kpc-Scale Maps of the Interstellar Medium: Smooth HI and Clumpy, Variable H2 Surface Density"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1304.1586","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:15397bd4897b8685028f84988cc8bdb7b06a30c9eb76169899703ad64aab75a1","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d38aa17f2912690328dfcc116d66088ea328efab8cb58c9e074d44e552059bff","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2013-04-05T00:01:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"9ced23adc36b1ad19da246a3eec6e855aa03cc7d638a0fcc8121aef75db2e0af"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1304.1586","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"63ce80a40481dca55e49dfa30cc86dedf2bd6cb0dad9d82fd66622993b9a5288","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"63ce80a40481dca55e49dfa30cc86dedf2bd6cb0dad9d82fd66622993b9a5288","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:42.667116Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:42.667116Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"aU3ppdJUjE8fEzkhCFlD7yrNlRzvY76aLpW+FmWak1EWKf8oCa7QiYk1AQQktLiQFvJOGiIsofr9q3LBijnBDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:50:42.667757Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1304.1586","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:15397bd4897b8685028f84988cc8bdb7b06a30c9eb76169899703ad64aab75a1","sha256:90f41eecca5a5e65ec4a60c9e04c74b916d2b4539898ebf233fa79034cfab85c"],"state_sha256":"16faf52ea16c56cfb36c6630c4fa18843d74af3a26b3f5b75424a8edfdaa7cbf"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"cTBQrUOxk1OnVAj8RILLEyVqZAR3ybGUnUjDDnuIWI2oq8XnU9JVyf2dt8FUtR8+qefmU0S9LuiBXsMBbzckBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T11:34:22.704666Z","bundle_sha256":"0795aa4245b17d355958304a652477990cd1c01ac88ebbce5f7c072a419321e6"}}