{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:MSOY42D4F44SEEZDK466GBAFNG","short_pith_number":"pith:MSOY42D4","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1803.05620","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2018-03-15T07:37:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d205e81c141842ba38ee53fe3c14090a54d422b08991cc70bdc7c35c84aa7631","abstract_canon_sha256":"1849575b35708d460b896fb9c2003f7aacab102b122519f5c8f106d179317a7a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"649d8e687c2f39221323573de3040569b576d2030a63fc50b82b4be75b3dc9ae","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1803.05620","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1803.05620","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1803.05620v2","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1803.05620","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MSOY42D4F44S","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MSOY42D4F44SEEZD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MSOY42D4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:40Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:MSOY42D4F44SEEZDK466GBAFNG","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1803.05620","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2018-03-15T07:37:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d205e81c141842ba38ee53fe3c14090a54d422b08991cc70bdc7c35c84aa7631","abstract_canon_sha256":"1849575b35708d460b896fb9c2003f7aacab102b122519f5c8f106d179317a7a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"649d8e687c2f39221323573de3040569b576d2030a63fc50b82b4be75b3dc9ae","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:49.523117Z","signature_b64":"No1IEETo/DmVTfnc+MRti74pgrYb3cNjuWCRGo5P7edUPuVcPtxxu8uAa9QANuXiIszsLZFBn4hQDx0jmr8YBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"649d8e687c2f39221323573de3040569b576d2030a63fc50b82b4be75b3dc9ae","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:49.522485Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:49.522485Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1803.05620","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"HTIdUKOiEcEtf9qxiZJ5zOXBxKGRdhWyo1udnheCyWLdb8kwIwH6zFZKNs7bhufSrXdWbf3yd9JMzC75i+eQBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T23:05:01.373309Z"},"content_sha256":"719c084eea513d35dc3fb3604c9ed14a746990e9f8914bbb7e846c336a584d56","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:719c084eea513d35dc3fb3604c9ed14a746990e9f8914bbb7e846c336a584d56"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:MSOY42D4F44SEEZDK466GBAFNG","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Large-scale intermittency and rare events boosted at dimensional crossover in anisotropic turbulence","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"Keiko Takahasi, Koji Goto, Masatoshi Imada, Ryo Onishi","submitted_at":"2018-03-15T07:37:55Z","abstract_excerpt":"Understanding rare events in turbulence provides a basis for the science of extreme weather, for which the atmosphere is modeled by Navier-Stokes equations (NSEs). In solutions of NSEs for isotropic fluids, various quantities, such as fluid velocities, roughly follow Gaussian distributions, where extreme events are prominent only in small-scale quantities associated with the dissipation-dominating length scale or anomalous scaling regime. Using numerical simulations, this study reveals another universal promotion mechanism at much larger scales if three-dimensional fluids accompany strong two-"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1803.05620","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"BWNAUaTpXY51wMWTf59nke3y3zG8bU+iiqq5Ro3Q0Z0jlmpCWJMwQx45PKISG3s25sBqfphQCol2neOzj/E4CA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T23:05:01.373894Z"},"content_sha256":"bea1c4e4fafbae0b41784b227b3d613c1feda19b9e8a524567310667b2d7ca33","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:bea1c4e4fafbae0b41784b227b3d613c1feda19b9e8a524567310667b2d7ca33"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MSOY42D4F44SEEZDK466GBAFNG/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MSOY42D4F44SEEZDK466GBAFNG/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MSOY42D4F44SEEZDK466GBAFNG/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T23:05:01Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/MSOY42D4F44SEEZDK466GBAFNG","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/MSOY42D4F44SEEZDK466GBAFNG/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/MSOY42D4F44SEEZDK466GBAFNG/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MSOY42D4F44SEEZDK466GBAFNG/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:MSOY42D4F44SEEZDK466GBAFNG","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1849575b35708d460b896fb9c2003f7aacab102b122519f5c8f106d179317a7a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2018-03-15T07:37:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"d205e81c141842ba38ee53fe3c14090a54d422b08991cc70bdc7c35c84aa7631"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1803.05620","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1803.05620","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1803.05620v2","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1803.05620","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MSOY42D4F44S","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MSOY42D4F44SEEZD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MSOY42D4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:40Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:bea1c4e4fafbae0b41784b227b3d613c1feda19b9e8a524567310667b2d7ca33","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Understanding rare events in turbulence provides a basis for the science of extreme weather, for which the atmosphere is modeled by Navier-Stokes equations (NSEs). In solutions of NSEs for isotropic fluids, various quantities, such as fluid velocities, roughly follow Gaussian distributions, where extreme events are prominent only in small-scale quantities associated with the dissipation-dominating length scale or anomalous scaling regime. Using numerical simulations, this study reveals another universal promotion mechanism at much larger scales if three-dimensional fluids accompany strong two-","authors_text":"Keiko Takahasi, Koji Goto, Masatoshi Imada, Ryo Onishi","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2018-03-15T07:37:55Z","title":"Large-scale intermittency and rare events boosted at dimensional crossover in anisotropic turbulence"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1803.05620","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:719c084eea513d35dc3fb3604c9ed14a746990e9f8914bbb7e846c336a584d56","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1849575b35708d460b896fb9c2003f7aacab102b122519f5c8f106d179317a7a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2018-03-15T07:37:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"d205e81c141842ba38ee53fe3c14090a54d422b08991cc70bdc7c35c84aa7631"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1803.05620","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"649d8e687c2f39221323573de3040569b576d2030a63fc50b82b4be75b3dc9ae","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"649d8e687c2f39221323573de3040569b576d2030a63fc50b82b4be75b3dc9ae","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:49.522485Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:49.522485Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"No1IEETo/DmVTfnc+MRti74pgrYb3cNjuWCRGo5P7edUPuVcPtxxu8uAa9QANuXiIszsLZFBn4hQDx0jmr8YBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:51:49.523117Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1803.05620","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:719c084eea513d35dc3fb3604c9ed14a746990e9f8914bbb7e846c336a584d56","sha256:bea1c4e4fafbae0b41784b227b3d613c1feda19b9e8a524567310667b2d7ca33"],"state_sha256":"332ef5cfaa6a96c77aaab36ba450310455ae92de319a71339a8f256736bf0d67"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"WgeJv8OCS93wnQqN+QZ8/XAJN9jYDivZjZihZ5eXgqIp5Ug2vAtejGvlokwB++UHOjNGlsCyEvpJxMQghPUaBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T23:05:01.377975Z","bundle_sha256":"a703fb67a1078c591737478bd8864c52cae26205d0a0a5d538d0d717a14e29d9"}}