{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:MURF3A2NDJT4QZYQDDQMVXAKH6","short_pith_number":"pith:MURF3A2N","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2410.12352","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CE","submitted_at":"2024-10-16T08:15:18Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d4113b39b0a3428c693d85798c2a0353b794c8f9fc95094eb63996c719460519","abstract_canon_sha256":"61a4537d519cc5e874b8850ee04363fca6d782e47734fd464e870f03b61fc34c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"65225d834d1a67c8671018e0cadc0a3f9ce7c95f0dce939fa5f605749d707271","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2410.12352","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2410.12352","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2410.12352v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2410.12352","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MURF3A2NDJT4","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MURF3A2NDJT4QZYQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MURF3A2N","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:38Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:MURF3A2NDJT4QZYQDDQMVXAKH6","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2410.12352","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CE","submitted_at":"2024-10-16T08:15:18Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d4113b39b0a3428c693d85798c2a0353b794c8f9fc95094eb63996c719460519","abstract_canon_sha256":"61a4537d519cc5e874b8850ee04363fca6d782e47734fd464e870f03b61fc34c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"65225d834d1a67c8671018e0cadc0a3f9ce7c95f0dce939fa5f605749d707271","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:38.840287Z","signature_b64":"y+aiQ7tZ/C3OeD3FJtsA6wP5+7GyZKqVG5X97M3x/xzhitjUeTHWenn4RwUCvAzCA/QP7RUXhf6lwd0142aFBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"65225d834d1a67c8671018e0cadc0a3f9ce7c95f0dce939fa5f605749d707271","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:38.839801Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:38.839801Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2410.12352","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fdPUhIpUeFio0ODUr00WcMm1IGZvN2RHkLHRKWyG/QHZvj/6Z9jDoJFq+hn83GOz3BnwZduKNhBcWAZ2zgJ1Cw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T22:08:57.025675Z"},"content_sha256":"17e74a936936cde742e35564da5449ddabab51c55e2b4019dd4ee4095433ec9f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:17e74a936936cde742e35564da5449ddabab51c55e2b4019dd4ee4095433ec9f"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:MURF3A2NDJT4QZYQDDQMVXAKH6","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Private Order Flows and Builder Bidding Dynamics: The Road to Monopoly in Ethereum's Block Building Market","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CE","authors_text":"Jing Tang, Shuzheng Wang, Wenqin Zhang, Xuechao Wang, Yue Huang, Yuming Huang","submitted_at":"2024-10-16T08:15:18Z","abstract_excerpt":"Ethereum, as a representative of Web3, adopts a novel framework called Proposer Builder Separation (PBS) to prevent the centralization of block profits in the hands of institutional Ethereum stakers. Introducing builders to generate blocks based on public transactions, PBS aims to ensure that block profits are distributed among all stakers. Through the auction among builders, only one will win the block in each slot. Ideally, the equilibrium strategy of builders under public information would lead them to bid all block profits. However, builders are now capable of extracting profits from priva"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2410.12352","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2410.12352/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"A7pEDh05v5yl2W9udmJM/KL21VyNg64Zwg7DphvJJyXPPCrsT1LYxKmJYTEzE+pZNThf/ZMDnjAc3C+EtqJWDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T22:08:57.026822Z"},"content_sha256":"251b554297119b0f1bcbde5466b12aa16058ecb94217d7be6a4c7b7d81079ba0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:251b554297119b0f1bcbde5466b12aa16058ecb94217d7be6a4c7b7d81079ba0"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MURF3A2NDJT4QZYQDDQMVXAKH6/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MURF3A2NDJT4QZYQDDQMVXAKH6/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MURF3A2NDJT4QZYQDDQMVXAKH6/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-22T22:08:57Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/MURF3A2NDJT4QZYQDDQMVXAKH6","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/MURF3A2NDJT4QZYQDDQMVXAKH6/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/MURF3A2NDJT4QZYQDDQMVXAKH6/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MURF3A2NDJT4QZYQDDQMVXAKH6/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:MURF3A2NDJT4QZYQDDQMVXAKH6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"61a4537d519cc5e874b8850ee04363fca6d782e47734fd464e870f03b61fc34c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CE","submitted_at":"2024-10-16T08:15:18Z","title_canon_sha256":"d4113b39b0a3428c693d85798c2a0353b794c8f9fc95094eb63996c719460519"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2410.12352","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2410.12352","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2410.12352v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2410.12352","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MURF3A2NDJT4","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MURF3A2NDJT4QZYQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MURF3A2N","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:38Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:251b554297119b0f1bcbde5466b12aa16058ecb94217d7be6a4c7b7d81079ba0","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2410.12352/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Ethereum, as a representative of Web3, adopts a novel framework called Proposer Builder Separation (PBS) to prevent the centralization of block profits in the hands of institutional Ethereum stakers. Introducing builders to generate blocks based on public transactions, PBS aims to ensure that block profits are distributed among all stakers. Through the auction among builders, only one will win the block in each slot. Ideally, the equilibrium strategy of builders under public information would lead them to bid all block profits. However, builders are now capable of extracting profits from priva","authors_text":"Jing Tang, Shuzheng Wang, Wenqin Zhang, Xuechao Wang, Yue Huang, Yuming Huang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CE","submitted_at":"2024-10-16T08:15:18Z","title":"Private Order Flows and Builder Bidding Dynamics: The Road to Monopoly in Ethereum's Block Building Market"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2410.12352","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:17e74a936936cde742e35564da5449ddabab51c55e2b4019dd4ee4095433ec9f","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"61a4537d519cc5e874b8850ee04363fca6d782e47734fd464e870f03b61fc34c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CE","submitted_at":"2024-10-16T08:15:18Z","title_canon_sha256":"d4113b39b0a3428c693d85798c2a0353b794c8f9fc95094eb63996c719460519"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2410.12352","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"65225d834d1a67c8671018e0cadc0a3f9ce7c95f0dce939fa5f605749d707271","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"65225d834d1a67c8671018e0cadc0a3f9ce7c95f0dce939fa5f605749d707271","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:38.839801Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:38.839801Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"y+aiQ7tZ/C3OeD3FJtsA6wP5+7GyZKqVG5X97M3x/xzhitjUeTHWenn4RwUCvAzCA/QP7RUXhf6lwd0142aFBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:34:38.840287Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2410.12352","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:17e74a936936cde742e35564da5449ddabab51c55e2b4019dd4ee4095433ec9f","sha256:251b554297119b0f1bcbde5466b12aa16058ecb94217d7be6a4c7b7d81079ba0"],"state_sha256":"0c76490996f62563cbd4ff17152a9b3f221b7cce3ccf2752b39e2d1a0cbe991e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"a8vVPmWnNN7lKoW8VG4Zo+R0FTW5dP8+ScWYiswL19fwWQfsZzD2Jl7L5ptL4ZQgWXiDtC8w2+fMG/Zv5dovDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T22:08:57.033503Z","bundle_sha256":"c931d2ad533e78f68b57278e80563c1923a5b117032c4e27c1098edeeebb6e09"}}