{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:MWONVN23IZDSUIAPWXU2QIYB5W","short_pith_number":"pith:MWONVN23","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1202.0549","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2012-01-29T19:19:33Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"65f92e29e2effe8fce3d5cf45c714dfc9e7ecce76fee743563f072aa38e0e740","abstract_canon_sha256":"f78bef4e9ce17c95f8ad2588c3596ac02fa568a68a3f95c2782fbbf52caa5b6b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"659cdab75b46472a200fb5e9a82301eda32ccde0873abb8734b96d020da299fe","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1202.0549","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1202.0549","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:03:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1202.0549v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:03:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1202.0549","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:03:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MWONVN23IZDS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MWONVN23IZDSUIAP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MWONVN23","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:14Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:MWONVN23IZDSUIAPWXU2QIYB5W","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1202.0549","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2012-01-29T19:19:33Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"65f92e29e2effe8fce3d5cf45c714dfc9e7ecce76fee743563f072aa38e0e740","abstract_canon_sha256":"f78bef4e9ce17c95f8ad2588c3596ac02fa568a68a3f95c2782fbbf52caa5b6b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"659cdab75b46472a200fb5e9a82301eda32ccde0873abb8734b96d020da299fe","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:03:17.908056Z","signature_b64":"dmsDIqLOBaRlaaOnG/l9nkCcfV+YA5e3BY2e51lVQrxSI4WE1mVcGqjY7dK0KR4TeJF/NRxlsfnNh1F5C0WRDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"659cdab75b46472a200fb5e9a82301eda32ccde0873abb8734b96d020da299fe","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:03:17.907443Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:03:17.907443Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1202.0549","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:03:17Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6OyBtaNmxpZISVg2Hjrj+6v6/AiUKAwrfpu7vXnxH1AAXLEKbg0WkB6kDq54zBE0YHBT9qeiHV1g/7muCqQ2AA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-24T10:20:55.962242Z"},"content_sha256":"316f249a889fc5b7af209c82b4d53949cb08dc180e3e1a62ed1e810a3b643cbf","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:316f249a889fc5b7af209c82b4d53949cb08dc180e3e1a62ed1e810a3b643cbf"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:MWONVN23IZDSUIAPWXU2QIYB5W","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Comparing Background Subtraction Algorithms and Method of Car Counting","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CV","authors_text":"Ahmed Helmy, Gautam S. Thakur, Mohsen Ali, Pan Hui","submitted_at":"2012-01-29T19:19:33Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we compare various image background subtraction algorithms with the ground truth of cars counted. We have given a sample of thousand images, which are the snap shots of current traffic as records at various intersections and highways. We have also counted an approximate number of cars that are visible in these images. In order to ascertain the accuracy of algorithms to be used for the processing of million images, we compare them on many metrics that includes (i) Scalability (ii) Accuracy (iii) Processing time."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1202.0549","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:03:17Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"m/21hwvHaCeP9k87aCdyyK3CQeHUY0Nra030ykI/1veuLOTh7WeiwY0pdPlwWPeDsOlGXXxMSEe1aisgbEvkDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-24T10:20:55.962932Z"},"content_sha256":"4a61be3bdc5a8a74c39fb87fe26c5d30e2b711636f2d22a5d64e8e29253ff37e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4a61be3bdc5a8a74c39fb87fe26c5d30e2b711636f2d22a5d64e8e29253ff37e"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MWONVN23IZDSUIAPWXU2QIYB5W/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MWONVN23IZDSUIAPWXU2QIYB5W/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MWONVN23IZDSUIAPWXU2QIYB5W/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-24T10:20:55Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/MWONVN23IZDSUIAPWXU2QIYB5W","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/MWONVN23IZDSUIAPWXU2QIYB5W/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/MWONVN23IZDSUIAPWXU2QIYB5W/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MWONVN23IZDSUIAPWXU2QIYB5W/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:MWONVN23IZDSUIAPWXU2QIYB5W","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f78bef4e9ce17c95f8ad2588c3596ac02fa568a68a3f95c2782fbbf52caa5b6b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2012-01-29T19:19:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"65f92e29e2effe8fce3d5cf45c714dfc9e7ecce76fee743563f072aa38e0e740"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1202.0549","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1202.0549","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:03:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1202.0549v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:03:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1202.0549","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:03:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MWONVN23IZDS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MWONVN23IZDSUIAP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MWONVN23","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:14Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:4a61be3bdc5a8a74c39fb87fe26c5d30e2b711636f2d22a5d64e8e29253ff37e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:03:17Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we compare various image background subtraction algorithms with the ground truth of cars counted. We have given a sample of thousand images, which are the snap shots of current traffic as records at various intersections and highways. We have also counted an approximate number of cars that are visible in these images. In order to ascertain the accuracy of algorithms to be used for the processing of million images, we compare them on many metrics that includes (i) Scalability (ii) Accuracy (iii) Processing time.","authors_text":"Ahmed Helmy, Gautam S. Thakur, Mohsen Ali, Pan Hui","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2012-01-29T19:19:33Z","title":"Comparing Background Subtraction Algorithms and Method of Car Counting"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1202.0549","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:316f249a889fc5b7af209c82b4d53949cb08dc180e3e1a62ed1e810a3b643cbf","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:03:17Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f78bef4e9ce17c95f8ad2588c3596ac02fa568a68a3f95c2782fbbf52caa5b6b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2012-01-29T19:19:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"65f92e29e2effe8fce3d5cf45c714dfc9e7ecce76fee743563f072aa38e0e740"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1202.0549","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"659cdab75b46472a200fb5e9a82301eda32ccde0873abb8734b96d020da299fe","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"659cdab75b46472a200fb5e9a82301eda32ccde0873abb8734b96d020da299fe","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:03:17.907443Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:03:17.907443Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"dmsDIqLOBaRlaaOnG/l9nkCcfV+YA5e3BY2e51lVQrxSI4WE1mVcGqjY7dK0KR4TeJF/NRxlsfnNh1F5C0WRDQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:03:17.908056Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1202.0549","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:316f249a889fc5b7af209c82b4d53949cb08dc180e3e1a62ed1e810a3b643cbf","sha256:4a61be3bdc5a8a74c39fb87fe26c5d30e2b711636f2d22a5d64e8e29253ff37e"],"state_sha256":"cca3f80dea8fbaf38626592683070a591730038b34149befc82443367eec10ad"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ukCv9DafU8f7K02/4bZqx/u+jZUPoP+LsHtnpsBtFMkUJfonk2+OxIq2CRZP8rw9aR1PAPpORLFI02Boo9xODQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-24T10:20:55.966594Z","bundle_sha256":"f02b9d02b58d434f036c99685d6be065eefd383d506f7daa456249d0f36c05c9"}}