{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:MYEEF2TML5PQHEDOAATJMMTJ2Z","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9c495b58f1b57480db0f3cf9ad27b0f728b5716839bb7efbb4eb44f6dc1b85e2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2012-01-21T13:43:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"de5951fd8fc11a9ba73c31feef1df37896d880c28689d4d037ca5bce24767434"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1201.4471","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1201.4471","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1201.4471v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1201.4471","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MYEEF2TML5PQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MYEEF2TML5PQHEDO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MYEEF2TM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:14Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:155b668c94062239c1292ec5d97eb1840b3252d4e830b05065aca73dade74560","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present a macroscopic calculation of coherent electro-magnetic radiation from air showers initiated by ultra-high energy cosmic rays, based on currents obtained from three-dimensional Monte Carlo simulations of air showers in a realistic geo-magnetic field. We discuss the importance of a correct treatment of the index of refraction in air, given by the law of Gladstone and Dale, which affects the pulses enormously for certain configurations, compared to a simplified treatment using a constant index. We predict in particular a geomagnetic Cherenkov radiation, which provides strong signals at","authors_text":"Klaus Werner, Krijn D. de Vries, Olaf Scholten","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2012-01-21T13:43:40Z","title":"A Realistic Treatment of Geomagnetic Cherenkov Radiation from Cosmic Ray Air Showers"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1201.4471","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:15badee1ece310df499354e3314e7216c07287ee55e899452a3d26e300af71ef","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9c495b58f1b57480db0f3cf9ad27b0f728b5716839bb7efbb4eb44f6dc1b85e2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2012-01-21T13:43:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"de5951fd8fc11a9ba73c31feef1df37896d880c28689d4d037ca5bce24767434"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1201.4471","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"660842ea6c5f5f03906e0026963269d66fc7bcec6e6daf467c8efbcace8a929d","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"660842ea6c5f5f03906e0026963269d66fc7bcec6e6daf467c8efbcace8a929d","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43.942428Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43.942428Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"1JCF5dkN08SSSz0YjkUFitkoLwtzCu9pYK5WI69CyXmJ/XxmLpT+4kokji1B2MTHL6A6cSxOX1BPLyPUebdmDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:43.943101Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1201.4471","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:15badee1ece310df499354e3314e7216c07287ee55e899452a3d26e300af71ef","sha256:155b668c94062239c1292ec5d97eb1840b3252d4e830b05065aca73dade74560"],"state_sha256":"dd5224799d1e7e05f002f1e3df128fb3a801fe3c526cd618d00e553b8ab70d80"}