{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:MZIFJPWIXRYXQ7PFFTDQEDUPG7","short_pith_number":"pith:MZIFJPWI","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2002.01650","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2020-02-05T05:28:09Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CV","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"d90c828d7e9324f35364e5a74902e39191ac6af66bc0140bdf7c5c3238508029","abstract_canon_sha256":"ac1611eb050673f8759f281c0d5be726aa8b1e9fc13c0a7643998543d812bc31"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"665054bec8bc71787de52cc7020e8f37e0ca0fab8d535f09c3fb8f3a9520d249","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2002.01650","version":5},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2002.01650","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:58:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2002.01650v5","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:58:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2002.01650","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:58:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MZIFJPWIXRYX","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:58:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MZIFJPWIXRYXQ7PF","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:58:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MZIFJPWI","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:58:40Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:MZIFJPWIXRYXQ7PFFTDQEDUPG7","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2002.01650","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2020-02-05T05:28:09Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CV","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"d90c828d7e9324f35364e5a74902e39191ac6af66bc0140bdf7c5c3238508029","abstract_canon_sha256":"ac1611eb050673f8759f281c0d5be726aa8b1e9fc13c0a7643998543d812bc31"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"665054bec8bc71787de52cc7020e8f37e0ca0fab8d535f09c3fb8f3a9520d249","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:58:40.050148Z","signature_b64":"8C7GxOUFz01EXvgJ+v7dDduAdh+QMZ2D6RC6LaZN9OeeNt52eaImN6TqR3qlD93AefGB7Uv5R5uBeI5dVpUlAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"665054bec8bc71787de52cc7020e8f37e0ca0fab8d535f09c3fb8f3a9520d249","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:58:40.049742Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:58:40.049742Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2002.01650","source_version":5,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:58:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6W65sqYkZRrNIN55OkX2Qx93C35RhZeKTUOJie/5YzZ0kQp2S/K+HcT5N+qq7Du8oT/bi6EJn7LqLJovOhRfAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:17:33.689935Z"},"content_sha256":"3c4e6cb79baa0b6cf72247e906cde4bfb6897fd892eb94ebcc770a973cdf58ee","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3c4e6cb79baa0b6cf72247e906cde4bfb6897fd892eb94ebcc770a973cdf58ee"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:MZIFJPWIXRYXQ7PFFTDQEDUPG7","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Concept Whitening for Interpretable Image Recognition","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.CV","stat.ML"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Cynthia Rudin, Yijie Bei, Zhi Chen","submitted_at":"2020-02-05T05:28:09Z","abstract_excerpt":"What does a neural network encode about a concept as we traverse through the layers? Interpretability in machine learning is undoubtedly important, but the calculations of neural networks are very challenging to understand. Attempts to see inside their hidden layers can either be misleading, unusable, or rely on the latent space to possess properties that it may not have. In this work, rather than attempting to analyze a neural network posthoc, we introduce a mechanism, called concept whitening (CW), to alter a given layer of the network to allow us to better understand the computation leading"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2002.01650","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2002.01650/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:58:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Qqc4XriEZe6LGUvalWgXc33euVCCUQy90E4dYuG7VIp11OL+rabs9F5x4GGvqV+UcZKeHXqjWvO0VH47gVJIDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:17:33.690302Z"},"content_sha256":"5a6b8d38a4680cecbe85a93f2e0eabc04a0ad552f44e02279ec58975266d792f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5a6b8d38a4680cecbe85a93f2e0eabc04a0ad552f44e02279ec58975266d792f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MZIFJPWIXRYXQ7PFFTDQEDUPG7/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MZIFJPWIXRYXQ7PFFTDQEDUPG7/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MZIFJPWIXRYXQ7PFFTDQEDUPG7/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-05T09:17:33Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/MZIFJPWIXRYXQ7PFFTDQEDUPG7","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/MZIFJPWIXRYXQ7PFFTDQEDUPG7/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/MZIFJPWIXRYXQ7PFFTDQEDUPG7/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MZIFJPWIXRYXQ7PFFTDQEDUPG7/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:MZIFJPWIXRYXQ7PFFTDQEDUPG7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ac1611eb050673f8759f281c0d5be726aa8b1e9fc13c0a7643998543d812bc31","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CV","stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2020-02-05T05:28:09Z","title_canon_sha256":"d90c828d7e9324f35364e5a74902e39191ac6af66bc0140bdf7c5c3238508029"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2002.01650","kind":"arxiv","version":5}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2002.01650","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:58:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2002.01650v5","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:58:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2002.01650","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:58:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MZIFJPWIXRYX","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:58:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MZIFJPWIXRYXQ7PF","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:58:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MZIFJPWI","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:58:40Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:5a6b8d38a4680cecbe85a93f2e0eabc04a0ad552f44e02279ec58975266d792f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:58:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2002.01650/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"What does a neural network encode about a concept as we traverse through the layers? Interpretability in machine learning is undoubtedly important, but the calculations of neural networks are very challenging to understand. Attempts to see inside their hidden layers can either be misleading, unusable, or rely on the latent space to possess properties that it may not have. In this work, rather than attempting to analyze a neural network posthoc, we introduce a mechanism, called concept whitening (CW), to alter a given layer of the network to allow us to better understand the computation leading","authors_text":"Cynthia Rudin, Yijie Bei, Zhi Chen","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.CV","stat.ML"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2020-02-05T05:28:09Z","title":"Concept Whitening for Interpretable Image Recognition"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2002.01650","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:3c4e6cb79baa0b6cf72247e906cde4bfb6897fd892eb94ebcc770a973cdf58ee","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:58:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ac1611eb050673f8759f281c0d5be726aa8b1e9fc13c0a7643998543d812bc31","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CV","stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2020-02-05T05:28:09Z","title_canon_sha256":"d90c828d7e9324f35364e5a74902e39191ac6af66bc0140bdf7c5c3238508029"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2002.01650","kind":"arxiv","version":5}},"canonical_sha256":"665054bec8bc71787de52cc7020e8f37e0ca0fab8d535f09c3fb8f3a9520d249","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"665054bec8bc71787de52cc7020e8f37e0ca0fab8d535f09c3fb8f3a9520d249","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:58:40.049742Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:58:40.049742Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"8C7GxOUFz01EXvgJ+v7dDduAdh+QMZ2D6RC6LaZN9OeeNt52eaImN6TqR3qlD93AefGB7Uv5R5uBeI5dVpUlAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:58:40.050148Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2002.01650","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":5}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:3c4e6cb79baa0b6cf72247e906cde4bfb6897fd892eb94ebcc770a973cdf58ee","sha256:5a6b8d38a4680cecbe85a93f2e0eabc04a0ad552f44e02279ec58975266d792f"],"state_sha256":"412504f3c91d09435b54f5e580104e206855c11328201bdd2cf49a1ce75119bd"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6Ya04HA/aoLFFs1m62h4aeFfX4gkfEH3sHfJ5ErAxWCiw9x1O+sSItkG5fiYhxOMbDXq0oZ4IZFJxUEe2NDiBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:17:33.692222Z","bundle_sha256":"2e36115b6e6b58620d4358564f56f8b42016803ba5f4fdb89ce54c3d033833a0"}}