{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:N2C5GKJKYAHKL4Y3QDF4E75OON","short_pith_number":"pith:N2C5GKJK","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2307.09882","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-07-19T10:26:29Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"c800277d1c046956b799a2fa5da344710287b754b12a337af7affa1dff001706","abstract_canon_sha256":"8099746b493ed7737c5a59c7775ff1303c0059788285cf040bf572a46223533f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6e85d3292ac00ea5f31b80cbc27fae735a5227d482d0c6b79fe912b10cb2ebf2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2307.09882","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2307.09882","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:55:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2307.09882v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:55:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2307.09882","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:55:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"N2C5GKJKYAHK","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:55:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"N2C5GKJKYAHKL4Y3","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:55:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"N2C5GKJK","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:55:57Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:N2C5GKJKYAHKL4Y3QDF4E75OON","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2307.09882","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-07-19T10:26:29Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"c800277d1c046956b799a2fa5da344710287b754b12a337af7affa1dff001706","abstract_canon_sha256":"8099746b493ed7737c5a59c7775ff1303c0059788285cf040bf572a46223533f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6e85d3292ac00ea5f31b80cbc27fae735a5227d482d0c6b79fe912b10cb2ebf2","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:55:57.455432Z","signature_b64":"HuukJE9w7P4kyRguVZ22Mhv+pRXNXT+IN4Qu8OEpz4S1iUvO3QBEzW4HodWH73MQJFOT+fjEUh9yOxJZQ3/6Bw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6e85d3292ac00ea5f31b80cbc27fae735a5227d482d0c6b79fe912b10cb2ebf2","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:55:57.454944Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:55:57.454944Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2307.09882","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:55:57Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tNaINq9JSH3XCsotIkCF2YzNX/EKAezCOkaE8xyGJiXEeksNZNah2hGmimcT1KFVFQ7X+G/gc3E5C7jmYX4ZBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T14:25:18.018505Z"},"content_sha256":"fb0627fff9062c03988d977ba9483668247f36f4e1f0171dfbb15d7a0164b641","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:fb0627fff9062c03988d977ba9483668247f36f4e1f0171dfbb15d7a0164b641"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:N2C5GKJKYAHKL4Y3QDF4E75OON","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Adversarial Likelihood Estimation With One-Way Flows","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Michael J. Black, Omri Ben-Dov, Partha Ghosh, Pravir Singh Gupta, Victoria Abrevaya","submitted_at":"2023-07-19T10:26:29Z","abstract_excerpt":"Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can produce high-quality samples, but do not provide an estimate of the probability density around the samples. However, it has been noted that maximizing the log-likelihood within an energy-based setting can lead to an adversarial framework where the discriminator provides unnormalized density (often called energy). We further develop this perspective, incorporate importance sampling, and show that 1) Wasserstein GAN performs a biased estimate of the partition function, and we propose instead to use an unbiased estimator; and 2) when optimizing for likel"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2307.09882","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2307.09882/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:55:57Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"NCOWxfUYBSdoFbp1CSkZMEBf3g9QkaatnQJPB9V7IH7QwvqRTW9Nie2W7YKsMfkrSQ68QHmFMEqrEqpAaojnCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T14:25:18.019473Z"},"content_sha256":"3ad758c2e3324700ebafffc7fab78ba77043e10cab9e015472c1750641dd7f50","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3ad758c2e3324700ebafffc7fab78ba77043e10cab9e015472c1750641dd7f50"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/N2C5GKJKYAHKL4Y3QDF4E75OON/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/N2C5GKJKYAHKL4Y3QDF4E75OON/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/N2C5GKJKYAHKL4Y3QDF4E75OON/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-04T14:25:18Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/N2C5GKJKYAHKL4Y3QDF4E75OON","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/N2C5GKJKYAHKL4Y3QDF4E75OON/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/N2C5GKJKYAHKL4Y3QDF4E75OON/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/N2C5GKJKYAHKL4Y3QDF4E75OON/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:N2C5GKJKYAHKL4Y3QDF4E75OON","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8099746b493ed7737c5a59c7775ff1303c0059788285cf040bf572a46223533f","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-07-19T10:26:29Z","title_canon_sha256":"c800277d1c046956b799a2fa5da344710287b754b12a337af7affa1dff001706"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2307.09882","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2307.09882","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:55:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2307.09882v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:55:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2307.09882","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:55:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"N2C5GKJKYAHK","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:55:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"N2C5GKJKYAHKL4Y3","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:55:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"N2C5GKJK","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:55:57Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:3ad758c2e3324700ebafffc7fab78ba77043e10cab9e015472c1750641dd7f50","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:55:57Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2307.09882/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can produce high-quality samples, but do not provide an estimate of the probability density around the samples. However, it has been noted that maximizing the log-likelihood within an energy-based setting can lead to an adversarial framework where the discriminator provides unnormalized density (often called energy). We further develop this perspective, incorporate importance sampling, and show that 1) Wasserstein GAN performs a biased estimate of the partition function, and we propose instead to use an unbiased estimator; and 2) when optimizing for likel","authors_text":"Michael J. Black, Omri Ben-Dov, Partha Ghosh, Pravir Singh Gupta, Victoria Abrevaya","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-07-19T10:26:29Z","title":"Adversarial Likelihood Estimation With One-Way Flows"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2307.09882","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:fb0627fff9062c03988d977ba9483668247f36f4e1f0171dfbb15d7a0164b641","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:55:57Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8099746b493ed7737c5a59c7775ff1303c0059788285cf040bf572a46223533f","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2023-07-19T10:26:29Z","title_canon_sha256":"c800277d1c046956b799a2fa5da344710287b754b12a337af7affa1dff001706"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2307.09882","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"6e85d3292ac00ea5f31b80cbc27fae735a5227d482d0c6b79fe912b10cb2ebf2","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6e85d3292ac00ea5f31b80cbc27fae735a5227d482d0c6b79fe912b10cb2ebf2","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:55:57.454944Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:55:57.454944Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"HuukJE9w7P4kyRguVZ22Mhv+pRXNXT+IN4Qu8OEpz4S1iUvO3QBEzW4HodWH73MQJFOT+fjEUh9yOxJZQ3/6Bw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:55:57.455432Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2307.09882","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:fb0627fff9062c03988d977ba9483668247f36f4e1f0171dfbb15d7a0164b641","sha256:3ad758c2e3324700ebafffc7fab78ba77043e10cab9e015472c1750641dd7f50"],"state_sha256":"29c5cb9f741827b93e6568700f9fad0a49af8ef5daf251ed0e2ea13c1affa1b7"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"HAXCYu05UwXaRm3noy1XqFRhG+fUbdKLupQfc7yNi/KvrnfKTjqX4PaW3y6KWHdnQQy92EuUQmB7BVNDxrt6BQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T14:25:18.043542Z","bundle_sha256":"5b095aa58d99af8ebabb895712864ba8189e1f827a87ba6a185127341e052f9c"}}