{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:N3EAYHSGZSYKQJ3NB6E2N3NTRR","short_pith_number":"pith:N3EAYHSG","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1806.00459","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2018-06-01T17:35:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c786e2be31216a0c869d5550b9da902bf1345370111e5bf7cb2a1c829f72f418","abstract_canon_sha256":"086c862e0498fb4b6d908c038355696be59cb749df56c371de0d713ae3e2c961"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6ec80c1e46ccb0a8276d0f89a6edb38c6f48c75318bf1257a993fda09926a810","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1806.00459","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1806.00459","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1806.00459v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1806.00459","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"N3EAYHSGZSYK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"N3EAYHSGZSYKQJ3N","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"N3EAYHSG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:40Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:N3EAYHSGZSYKQJ3NB6E2N3NTRR","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1806.00459","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2018-06-01T17:35:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c786e2be31216a0c869d5550b9da902bf1345370111e5bf7cb2a1c829f72f418","abstract_canon_sha256":"086c862e0498fb4b6d908c038355696be59cb749df56c371de0d713ae3e2c961"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6ec80c1e46ccb0a8276d0f89a6edb38c6f48c75318bf1257a993fda09926a810","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:23.568651Z","signature_b64":"HPPS/t5DGocOZ0Zo7p7ShGz4FeV/RoKptj1HxleSDNJr4PSRi+gY/s9W22cH+o+dzYmfCkFDMv02uV9lcdEVCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6ec80c1e46ccb0a8276d0f89a6edb38c6f48c75318bf1257a993fda09926a810","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:23.568148Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:23.568148Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1806.00459","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"1sqcM8Eo18O/xV1IQj5GNgaYkrPYY9OVG6PIroPUmfG2uMAtc1zRziwK0fw1+hyig/+jezgV/KukNo+f/Qd/Bw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-10T23:04:59.083026Z"},"content_sha256":"f0e26a41edcc29df046afa5c681a4b716221e7b2958d2e47f1f533667201bbbc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f0e26a41edcc29df046afa5c681a4b716221e7b2958d2e47f1f533667201bbbc"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:N3EAYHSGZSYKQJ3NB6E2N3NTRR","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Bestiary of Blocking: The Motivations and Modes behind Website Unavailability","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.NI","authors_text":"Michael Carl Tschantz, Mobin Javed, Sadia Afroz, Shaarif Sajid, Shoaib Asif Qazi, Vern Paxson","submitted_at":"2018-06-01T17:35:27Z","abstract_excerpt":"This paper examines different reasons the websites may vary in their availability by location. Prior works on availability mostly focus on censorship by nation states. We look at three forms of server-side blocking: blocking visitors from the EU to avoid GDPR compliance, blocking based upon the visitor's country, and blocking due to security concerns. We argue that these and other forms of blocking warrant more research."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1806.00459","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fW/ngo3za/P3j8cjSYQGqD/dPN25o+RfeFJLgqMDwtTShbR+2nods+g7C4yWTbzqBKUsyVe+Pg2dxsnf4FxmAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-10T23:04:59.083433Z"},"content_sha256":"40e32718c4f7977c632ab23cfb4ba57e82766e1179c7aee72d2ee7109f082b30","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:40e32718c4f7977c632ab23cfb4ba57e82766e1179c7aee72d2ee7109f082b30"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/N3EAYHSGZSYKQJ3NB6E2N3NTRR/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/N3EAYHSGZSYKQJ3NB6E2N3NTRR/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/N3EAYHSGZSYKQJ3NB6E2N3NTRR/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-10T23:04:59Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/N3EAYHSGZSYKQJ3NB6E2N3NTRR","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/N3EAYHSGZSYKQJ3NB6E2N3NTRR/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/N3EAYHSGZSYKQJ3NB6E2N3NTRR/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/N3EAYHSGZSYKQJ3NB6E2N3NTRR/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:N3EAYHSGZSYKQJ3NB6E2N3NTRR","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"086c862e0498fb4b6d908c038355696be59cb749df56c371de0d713ae3e2c961","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2018-06-01T17:35:27Z","title_canon_sha256":"c786e2be31216a0c869d5550b9da902bf1345370111e5bf7cb2a1c829f72f418"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1806.00459","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1806.00459","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1806.00459v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1806.00459","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"N3EAYHSGZSYK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"N3EAYHSGZSYKQJ3N","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"N3EAYHSG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:40Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:40e32718c4f7977c632ab23cfb4ba57e82766e1179c7aee72d2ee7109f082b30","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This paper examines different reasons the websites may vary in their availability by location. Prior works on availability mostly focus on censorship by nation states. We look at three forms of server-side blocking: blocking visitors from the EU to avoid GDPR compliance, blocking based upon the visitor's country, and blocking due to security concerns. We argue that these and other forms of blocking warrant more research.","authors_text":"Michael Carl Tschantz, Mobin Javed, Sadia Afroz, Shaarif Sajid, Shoaib Asif Qazi, Vern Paxson","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2018-06-01T17:35:27Z","title":"A Bestiary of Blocking: The Motivations and Modes behind Website Unavailability"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1806.00459","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f0e26a41edcc29df046afa5c681a4b716221e7b2958d2e47f1f533667201bbbc","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"086c862e0498fb4b6d908c038355696be59cb749df56c371de0d713ae3e2c961","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2018-06-01T17:35:27Z","title_canon_sha256":"c786e2be31216a0c869d5550b9da902bf1345370111e5bf7cb2a1c829f72f418"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1806.00459","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"6ec80c1e46ccb0a8276d0f89a6edb38c6f48c75318bf1257a993fda09926a810","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6ec80c1e46ccb0a8276d0f89a6edb38c6f48c75318bf1257a993fda09926a810","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:23.568148Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:23.568148Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"HPPS/t5DGocOZ0Zo7p7ShGz4FeV/RoKptj1HxleSDNJr4PSRi+gY/s9W22cH+o+dzYmfCkFDMv02uV9lcdEVCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:14:23.568651Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1806.00459","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f0e26a41edcc29df046afa5c681a4b716221e7b2958d2e47f1f533667201bbbc","sha256:40e32718c4f7977c632ab23cfb4ba57e82766e1179c7aee72d2ee7109f082b30"],"state_sha256":"6ec320c657e2a8e479efa5cb21fce54a8c0143bec0468f5c17a2e4a308bbbacc"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Gcewu2lpIcou9u5rONqOnT1QVSsT3urB2yaJULl7SEz9Vw5aa/lpD8lmGUlEa5drsasffYHsAa5n9gMKlE3YBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-10T23:04:59.086524Z","bundle_sha256":"bf19e56ad2fb396d1ee4d3d3921369f11f5b3b7aaaff2822151f958ae85d7057"}}