{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:N3K5KPX6LTYONCH2CLD5PN4WWL","short_pith_number":"pith:N3K5KPX6","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1409.4136","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2014-09-15T01:55:36Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"52f844b108a5ab8cc92fbfcf21539d204b665bbf3d1917f0fcdf5b8bf16c3e89","abstract_canon_sha256":"a368d15da5391f51d729d5b7670f2d71e9e1e547719305336d25ef82fcc775fd"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6ed5d53efe5cf0e688fa12c7d7b796b2dc175e02a192a86751b60887ad1ab56a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1409.4136","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1409.4136","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:42:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1409.4136v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:42:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1409.4136","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:42:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"N3K5KPX6LTYO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"N3K5KPX6LTYONCH2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"N3K5KPX6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:N3K5KPX6LTYONCH2CLD5PN4WWL","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1409.4136","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2014-09-15T01:55:36Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"52f844b108a5ab8cc92fbfcf21539d204b665bbf3d1917f0fcdf5b8bf16c3e89","abstract_canon_sha256":"a368d15da5391f51d729d5b7670f2d71e9e1e547719305336d25ef82fcc775fd"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6ed5d53efe5cf0e688fa12c7d7b796b2dc175e02a192a86751b60887ad1ab56a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:42:52.963303Z","signature_b64":"XDng7c7aUhA2yd1/B//kYZULFX9uLZJ4g+KD1c+/wc8i98y8++6YH32fcJrgAfhp4lXs/ruOEMwsqj3KujRJBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6ed5d53efe5cf0e688fa12c7d7b796b2dc175e02a192a86751b60887ad1ab56a","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:42:52.962841Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:42:52.962841Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1409.4136","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:42:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kX5scjqmfm3MR0BTDUxCj4EePsCpZ5OuBN+lB19QDAJe+ojHrAHZkPtPid9BEEpXRUYuclf749txzfAx25NQBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T23:26:24.608325Z"},"content_sha256":"a6af90ec1f24d4a9a87e2f894b5cbdc7d12347053d4e8f43b7b827777e853129","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a6af90ec1f24d4a9a87e2f894b5cbdc7d12347053d4e8f43b7b827777e853129"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:N3K5KPX6LTYONCH2CLD5PN4WWL","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Development of hard water sensor using Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","authors_text":"D. Bhattacharjee, Dibyendu Dey, S. Chakraborty, Syed Arshad Hussain","submitted_at":"2014-09-15T01:55:36Z","abstract_excerpt":"A method is presented for the sensing of water hardness by determining the concentration of calcium and magnesium in water, based on Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) process. The principle of the proposed sensor is based on the change of FRET efficiency between two laser dyes Acriflavine (Acf) and Rhodamine B (RhB) in presence of permanent hard water components (CaCl2 and MgCl2). Nanodimensional clay platelet laponite was used to enhance the efficiency of the sensor."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1409.4136","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:42:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"hnpf82awkNlILpNlUy4YmztcmauFJatHVbciGJ7tDa7F/6s8KOG2FIZmgXQQGxr+bU070zga0Q6Cl4cKyS6cAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T23:26:24.608672Z"},"content_sha256":"f7146c5447e25e383166c1a086ebde848d0662a12deb258ea57a0553731c401d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f7146c5447e25e383166c1a086ebde848d0662a12deb258ea57a0553731c401d"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/N3K5KPX6LTYONCH2CLD5PN4WWL/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/N3K5KPX6LTYONCH2CLD5PN4WWL/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/N3K5KPX6LTYONCH2CLD5PN4WWL/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-05T23:26:24Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/N3K5KPX6LTYONCH2CLD5PN4WWL","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/N3K5KPX6LTYONCH2CLD5PN4WWL/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/N3K5KPX6LTYONCH2CLD5PN4WWL/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/N3K5KPX6LTYONCH2CLD5PN4WWL/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:N3K5KPX6LTYONCH2CLD5PN4WWL","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a368d15da5391f51d729d5b7670f2d71e9e1e547719305336d25ef82fcc775fd","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2014-09-15T01:55:36Z","title_canon_sha256":"52f844b108a5ab8cc92fbfcf21539d204b665bbf3d1917f0fcdf5b8bf16c3e89"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1409.4136","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1409.4136","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:42:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1409.4136v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:42:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1409.4136","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:42:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"N3K5KPX6LTYO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"N3K5KPX6LTYONCH2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"N3K5KPX6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f7146c5447e25e383166c1a086ebde848d0662a12deb258ea57a0553731c401d","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:42:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"A method is presented for the sensing of water hardness by determining the concentration of calcium and magnesium in water, based on Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) process. The principle of the proposed sensor is based on the change of FRET efficiency between two laser dyes Acriflavine (Acf) and Rhodamine B (RhB) in presence of permanent hard water components (CaCl2 and MgCl2). Nanodimensional clay platelet laponite was used to enhance the efficiency of the sensor.","authors_text":"D. Bhattacharjee, Dibyendu Dey, S. Chakraborty, Syed Arshad Hussain","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2014-09-15T01:55:36Z","title":"Development of hard water sensor using Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1409.4136","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a6af90ec1f24d4a9a87e2f894b5cbdc7d12347053d4e8f43b7b827777e853129","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:42:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a368d15da5391f51d729d5b7670f2d71e9e1e547719305336d25ef82fcc775fd","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2014-09-15T01:55:36Z","title_canon_sha256":"52f844b108a5ab8cc92fbfcf21539d204b665bbf3d1917f0fcdf5b8bf16c3e89"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1409.4136","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"6ed5d53efe5cf0e688fa12c7d7b796b2dc175e02a192a86751b60887ad1ab56a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6ed5d53efe5cf0e688fa12c7d7b796b2dc175e02a192a86751b60887ad1ab56a","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:42:52.962841Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:42:52.962841Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"XDng7c7aUhA2yd1/B//kYZULFX9uLZJ4g+KD1c+/wc8i98y8++6YH32fcJrgAfhp4lXs/ruOEMwsqj3KujRJBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:42:52.963303Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1409.4136","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a6af90ec1f24d4a9a87e2f894b5cbdc7d12347053d4e8f43b7b827777e853129","sha256:f7146c5447e25e383166c1a086ebde848d0662a12deb258ea57a0553731c401d"],"state_sha256":"98055acd4d7932dfc9263b0d0646281f6b4dd2fa2c6d36ee3517fabf7c458cca"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Yr7NQ6WRjgRPHzV+QBMQgOBrCGLWpj6ODDB35vTeykdNRGcL6mlb9tO8NAs8AJ4DByUdwcS+jWXIo9RlV6pwDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T23:26:24.610784Z","bundle_sha256":"8f25ec9a84494cf9b4a6ba594fe101dbc147c8199eac95181ae93b22264cc384"}}