{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:N43YWLCDUW5E7CYU4W6XXJ4527","short_pith_number":"pith:N43YWLCD","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1810.05212","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2018-10-11T19:21:51Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f11544a901c52c907cdab1b07da1ef221242836683b33148c4efab3a6c3a84f7","abstract_canon_sha256":"c1a3170a34a669012a56f56a8e9dafaca9760f0718dbd9b636a60673447a73a4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6f378b2c43a5ba4f8b14e5bd7ba79dd7e1c4f3045f515cc2e7c7707425515a0f","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1810.05212","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1810.05212","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:47:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1810.05212v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:47:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1810.05212","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:47:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"N43YWLCDUW5E","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:47:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"N43YWLCDUW5E7CYU","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:47:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"N43YWLCD","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:47:46Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:N43YWLCDUW5E7CYU4W6XXJ4527","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1810.05212","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2018-10-11T19:21:51Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f11544a901c52c907cdab1b07da1ef221242836683b33148c4efab3a6c3a84f7","abstract_canon_sha256":"c1a3170a34a669012a56f56a8e9dafaca9760f0718dbd9b636a60673447a73a4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6f378b2c43a5ba4f8b14e5bd7ba79dd7e1c4f3045f515cc2e7c7707425515a0f","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:47:46.939019Z","signature_b64":"UUMwTa2Vv7QIRU7Qu5YWs0Hu4pNaeP9nK1yQ4l0kfPnGX0VpxkeMEvNz06REqnVtbsIMzeltdNtUUS94YpIuDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6f378b2c43a5ba4f8b14e5bd7ba79dd7e1c4f3045f515cc2e7c7707425515a0f","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:47:46.938488Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:47:46.938488Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1810.05212","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:47:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6m8K3VKk9WWWlXu8xzgtE1mwLRAPPpKH73gc1JWAPNjJ+Le0z8F3r4u0xhcDArI3QLYnpJVrxPmC9+Jv3t/hCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T10:52:21.644206Z"},"content_sha256":"669100257a08ba7e635b22c30d48606f4338705895c67c2530e4cd0971ff28b2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:669100257a08ba7e635b22c30d48606f4338705895c67c2530e4cd0971ff28b2"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:N43YWLCDUW5E7CYU4W6XXJ4527","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Distributionally Robust Transmission Expansion Planning: a Multi-scale Uncertainty Approach","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"math.OC","authors_text":"Alexandre Street, Alexandre Velloso, David Pozo","submitted_at":"2018-10-11T19:21:51Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present a distributionally robust optimization (DRO) approach for the transmission expansion planning problem, considering both long- and short-term uncertainties on the system demand and non-dispatchable renewable generation. On the long-term level, as is customary in industry applications, we address the deep uncertainties arising from social and economic transformations, political and environmental issues, and technology disruptions by using long-term scenarios devised by experts. In this setting, many exogenous long-term scenarios containing partial information about the random paramete"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1810.05212","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1810.05212/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:47:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Az/XRJj2KP3oLrGi6KugcdAXwVauZv6+A4NFnMB2VehLFIdrDJjVfjkk2Mfz2bfiDLkS66xnKb7bMfQt3QniAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T10:52:21.644732Z"},"content_sha256":"cb5773574642faed9f87048d19e537a7d1753510a4b2fc46ae788045e2f88497","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cb5773574642faed9f87048d19e537a7d1753510a4b2fc46ae788045e2f88497"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/N43YWLCDUW5E7CYU4W6XXJ4527/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/N43YWLCDUW5E7CYU4W6XXJ4527/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/N43YWLCDUW5E7CYU4W6XXJ4527/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-22T10:52:21Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/N43YWLCDUW5E7CYU4W6XXJ4527","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/N43YWLCDUW5E7CYU4W6XXJ4527/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/N43YWLCDUW5E7CYU4W6XXJ4527/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/N43YWLCDUW5E7CYU4W6XXJ4527/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:N43YWLCDUW5E7CYU4W6XXJ4527","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c1a3170a34a669012a56f56a8e9dafaca9760f0718dbd9b636a60673447a73a4","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2018-10-11T19:21:51Z","title_canon_sha256":"f11544a901c52c907cdab1b07da1ef221242836683b33148c4efab3a6c3a84f7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1810.05212","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1810.05212","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:47:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1810.05212v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:47:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1810.05212","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:47:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"N43YWLCDUW5E","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:47:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"N43YWLCDUW5E7CYU","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:47:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"N43YWLCD","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:47:46Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:cb5773574642faed9f87048d19e537a7d1753510a4b2fc46ae788045e2f88497","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:47:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1810.05212/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present a distributionally robust optimization (DRO) approach for the transmission expansion planning problem, considering both long- and short-term uncertainties on the system demand and non-dispatchable renewable generation. On the long-term level, as is customary in industry applications, we address the deep uncertainties arising from social and economic transformations, political and environmental issues, and technology disruptions by using long-term scenarios devised by experts. In this setting, many exogenous long-term scenarios containing partial information about the random paramete","authors_text":"Alexandre Street, Alexandre Velloso, David Pozo","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2018-10-11T19:21:51Z","title":"Distributionally Robust Transmission Expansion Planning: a Multi-scale Uncertainty Approach"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1810.05212","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:669100257a08ba7e635b22c30d48606f4338705895c67c2530e4cd0971ff28b2","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:47:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c1a3170a34a669012a56f56a8e9dafaca9760f0718dbd9b636a60673447a73a4","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2018-10-11T19:21:51Z","title_canon_sha256":"f11544a901c52c907cdab1b07da1ef221242836683b33148c4efab3a6c3a84f7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1810.05212","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"6f378b2c43a5ba4f8b14e5bd7ba79dd7e1c4f3045f515cc2e7c7707425515a0f","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6f378b2c43a5ba4f8b14e5bd7ba79dd7e1c4f3045f515cc2e7c7707425515a0f","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:47:46.938488Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:47:46.938488Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"UUMwTa2Vv7QIRU7Qu5YWs0Hu4pNaeP9nK1yQ4l0kfPnGX0VpxkeMEvNz06REqnVtbsIMzeltdNtUUS94YpIuDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:47:46.939019Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1810.05212","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:669100257a08ba7e635b22c30d48606f4338705895c67c2530e4cd0971ff28b2","sha256:cb5773574642faed9f87048d19e537a7d1753510a4b2fc46ae788045e2f88497"],"state_sha256":"3687e6e4dd6d5b0508c13f7f09c31bdb3bdac167a79002f7d49dc8fa4e217706"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"u95iQm1Ua22Wja+YcNT0c+qK2jO+rM4Vn3BXGK+M4JXeakCOM76jYxPrMRxkz603X38H0gDcyKIppb2VNTVqAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T10:52:21.650667Z","bundle_sha256":"49ad395a93fde3fce2ee948c7adad9ecb959bcb4ae7e9e8a45eba8fe48bbba1d"}}