{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:N4HERJOTUDRGU6XYGWCM63ATLN","short_pith_number":"pith:N4HERJOT","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1409.3572","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-09-11T20:00:06Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"549272c9c562f7fac7065fc6856254f3baec5263405d273c9ee929580ebaf96e","abstract_canon_sha256":"e77f86a57458e45d314d49479cb5ddc4dce2bd1f7807b03aef1a829fbb3be5a2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6f0e48a5d3a0e26a7af83584cf6c135b5aedc405e96ff87d5ef39cd6786d385c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1409.3572","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1409.3572","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1409.3572v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1409.3572","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"N4HERJOTUDRG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"N4HERJOTUDRGU6XY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"N4HERJOT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:N4HERJOTUDRGU6XYGWCM63ATLN","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1409.3572","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-09-11T20:00:06Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"549272c9c562f7fac7065fc6856254f3baec5263405d273c9ee929580ebaf96e","abstract_canon_sha256":"e77f86a57458e45d314d49479cb5ddc4dce2bd1f7807b03aef1a829fbb3be5a2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6f0e48a5d3a0e26a7af83584cf6c135b5aedc405e96ff87d5ef39cd6786d385c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:06.059624Z","signature_b64":"v+Gbf570JpoyTRdOVcbRQuJyUCC0TyA/k6Z+hI+mNxTO+MhXx+gu20ABmT8f9RTVq6OVq2mOJeWlLjtP0am3Bg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6f0e48a5d3a0e26a7af83584cf6c135b5aedc405e96ff87d5ef39cd6786d385c","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:06.059256Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:06.059256Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1409.3572","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:06Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"XRTwBmc7uPlkZaQYsMFRH717zdFCho44BhLYZZ3Khg4xBRpk4MeLFoV3vxviUoXVTBCjRZjjJElorm3dcXlABg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-24T07:14:22.248295Z"},"content_sha256":"a23448e91130e011a7b853f6e1991b86b09ee87180b9453ec01da3050baf9503","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a23448e91130e011a7b853f6e1991b86b09ee87180b9453ec01da3050baf9503"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:N4HERJOTUDRGU6XYGWCM63ATLN","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Formation of massive protostars in atomic cooling haloes","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Fernando Becerra, Lars Hernquist, Thomas H. Greif, Volker Springel","submitted_at":"2014-09-11T20:00:06Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present the highest-resolution three-dimensional simulation to date of the collapse of an atomic cooling halo in the early Universe. We use the moving-mesh code arepo with the primordial chemistry module introduced in Greif (2014), which evolves the chemical and thermal rate equations for over more than 20 orders of magnitude in density. Molecular hydrogen cooling is suppressed by a strong Lyman-Werner background, which facilitates the near-isothermal collapse of the gas at a temperature of about $10^4\\,$K. Once the central gas cloud becomes optically thick to continuum emission, it settles"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1409.3572","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:06Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"HOS8rxQ9mfLu3ypnx1m+vIbnSeEXsuGCTcgFmxnlOWkzpUdV5E8cF9TK6SuqAaGDOU0CcNupQA4cKEndalpFBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-24T07:14:22.248671Z"},"content_sha256":"308254c5a1d00b27b043f2deca3d8896bb0acb9f4b7e509e5fa8076470ed2024","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:308254c5a1d00b27b043f2deca3d8896bb0acb9f4b7e509e5fa8076470ed2024"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/N4HERJOTUDRGU6XYGWCM63ATLN/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/N4HERJOTUDRGU6XYGWCM63ATLN/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/N4HERJOTUDRGU6XYGWCM63ATLN/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-24T07:14:22Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/N4HERJOTUDRGU6XYGWCM63ATLN","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/N4HERJOTUDRGU6XYGWCM63ATLN/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/N4HERJOTUDRGU6XYGWCM63ATLN/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/N4HERJOTUDRGU6XYGWCM63ATLN/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:N4HERJOTUDRGU6XYGWCM63ATLN","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e77f86a57458e45d314d49479cb5ddc4dce2bd1f7807b03aef1a829fbb3be5a2","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-09-11T20:00:06Z","title_canon_sha256":"549272c9c562f7fac7065fc6856254f3baec5263405d273c9ee929580ebaf96e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1409.3572","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1409.3572","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1409.3572v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1409.3572","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"N4HERJOTUDRG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"N4HERJOTUDRGU6XY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"N4HERJOT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:308254c5a1d00b27b043f2deca3d8896bb0acb9f4b7e509e5fa8076470ed2024","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:06Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present the highest-resolution three-dimensional simulation to date of the collapse of an atomic cooling halo in the early Universe. We use the moving-mesh code arepo with the primordial chemistry module introduced in Greif (2014), which evolves the chemical and thermal rate equations for over more than 20 orders of magnitude in density. Molecular hydrogen cooling is suppressed by a strong Lyman-Werner background, which facilitates the near-isothermal collapse of the gas at a temperature of about $10^4\\,$K. Once the central gas cloud becomes optically thick to continuum emission, it settles","authors_text":"Fernando Becerra, Lars Hernquist, Thomas H. Greif, Volker Springel","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-09-11T20:00:06Z","title":"Formation of massive protostars in atomic cooling haloes"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1409.3572","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a23448e91130e011a7b853f6e1991b86b09ee87180b9453ec01da3050baf9503","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:06Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e77f86a57458e45d314d49479cb5ddc4dce2bd1f7807b03aef1a829fbb3be5a2","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-09-11T20:00:06Z","title_canon_sha256":"549272c9c562f7fac7065fc6856254f3baec5263405d273c9ee929580ebaf96e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1409.3572","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"6f0e48a5d3a0e26a7af83584cf6c135b5aedc405e96ff87d5ef39cd6786d385c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6f0e48a5d3a0e26a7af83584cf6c135b5aedc405e96ff87d5ef39cd6786d385c","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:06.059256Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:06.059256Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"v+Gbf570JpoyTRdOVcbRQuJyUCC0TyA/k6Z+hI+mNxTO+MhXx+gu20ABmT8f9RTVq6OVq2mOJeWlLjtP0am3Bg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:06.059624Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1409.3572","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a23448e91130e011a7b853f6e1991b86b09ee87180b9453ec01da3050baf9503","sha256:308254c5a1d00b27b043f2deca3d8896bb0acb9f4b7e509e5fa8076470ed2024"],"state_sha256":"9d77ed47710467a8ddf45c2455e81ea6d0e4151d45e1ce0804e5e28cf615c1cf"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"H7P52VdetmotxyuOY+F531Kh38dcSQHST0OrkSHPKSwkn/8qi5LWilp3SulL4zG4Ew7Jb4NzCrUCenDulcfkBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-24T07:14:22.251122Z","bundle_sha256":"2a7a1e9c831c2f0e1e7041d7dac3920fdefe051e431fd2a04f94d29daf038e02"}}