{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2008:N5AQ5JVQSDJQKWKEM2IYGQEENB","short_pith_number":"pith:N5AQ5JVQ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0802.0158","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2008-02-01T16:28:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4cc0674c75e885d8df6725ede550039a42490c0c64dfd96283b14a28ff7ecdb5","abstract_canon_sha256":"8609ae09c8c2a4c9f398db431159b67c68347f98622dab5ae955bf2e146cdbca"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6f410ea6b090d305594466918340846849f6b077d28c722c21da7798e87a60b3","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"0802.0158","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0802.0158","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0802.0158v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0802.0158","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"N5AQ5JVQSDJQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"N5AQ5JVQSDJQKWKE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"N5AQ5JVQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:57Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2008:N5AQ5JVQSDJQKWKEM2IYGQEENB","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0802.0158","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2008-02-01T16:28:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4cc0674c75e885d8df6725ede550039a42490c0c64dfd96283b14a28ff7ecdb5","abstract_canon_sha256":"8609ae09c8c2a4c9f398db431159b67c68347f98622dab5ae955bf2e146cdbca"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6f410ea6b090d305594466918340846849f6b077d28c722c21da7798e87a60b3","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:01.391953Z","signature_b64":"ljgGfjj2t0Nvot9qUravdzm9TltbETqv5HHLcjikE/sHArGyc8sOBiw7hyDR9goTKD6UvV+8XwZLkR2Jng1RDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6f410ea6b090d305594466918340846849f6b077d28c722c21da7798e87a60b3","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:01.391351Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:01.391351Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"0802.0158","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"N97XRV73lT9U9HhjzNIXOmDY9MBX8I6N7bRJqo7MlTLASyQFDV2oRXp53h7bLcpJwMPdO7TKo9NpuKFnqY3hDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-11T08:40:17.433241Z"},"content_sha256":"2c134ddb2e8f95447f85415c205c147465e0347976c1468f1857c75a44722662","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2c134ddb2e8f95447f85415c205c147465e0347976c1468f1857c75a44722662"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2008:N5AQ5JVQSDJQKWKEM2IYGQEENB","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Boxy/peanut bulges : formation, evolution and properties","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"E. Athanassoula, I. Martinez-Valpuesta","submitted_at":"2008-02-01T16:28:02Z","abstract_excerpt":"We discuss the formation and evolution of boxy/peanut bulges (B/Ps) and present new simulations results. Orbital structure studies show that B/Ps are parts of bars seen edge-on, they have their origin in vertical instabilities of the disc material and they are somewhat shorter in extent than bars. When the bar forms it is vertically thin, but after a time of the order of a Gyr it experiences a vertical instability and buckles. At that time the strength of the bar decreases, its inner part becomes thicker, so that, seen edge-on, it acquires a peanut or boxy shape. A second buckling episode is s"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0802.0158","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nrdWQkjcnRIG4RkQZfCmNbzORahKN7o+WibBBB66xhtjtL033n5uo9eQY78zEEWVQ/DeaHrVQoUtC0SEN7d+Aw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-11T08:40:17.434006Z"},"content_sha256":"80bc363f166ffcab1d665579506913cf7100d16c035d2d8209bf49bedf6b2c3d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:80bc363f166ffcab1d665579506913cf7100d16c035d2d8209bf49bedf6b2c3d"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/N5AQ5JVQSDJQKWKEM2IYGQEENB/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/N5AQ5JVQSDJQKWKEM2IYGQEENB/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/N5AQ5JVQSDJQKWKEM2IYGQEENB/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-11T08:40:17Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/N5AQ5JVQSDJQKWKEM2IYGQEENB","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/N5AQ5JVQSDJQKWKEM2IYGQEENB/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/N5AQ5JVQSDJQKWKEM2IYGQEENB/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/N5AQ5JVQSDJQKWKEM2IYGQEENB/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2008:N5AQ5JVQSDJQKWKEM2IYGQEENB","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8609ae09c8c2a4c9f398db431159b67c68347f98622dab5ae955bf2e146cdbca","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2008-02-01T16:28:02Z","title_canon_sha256":"4cc0674c75e885d8df6725ede550039a42490c0c64dfd96283b14a28ff7ecdb5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0802.0158","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0802.0158","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0802.0158v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0802.0158","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"N5AQ5JVQSDJQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"N5AQ5JVQSDJQKWKE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"N5AQ5JVQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:57Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:80bc363f166ffcab1d665579506913cf7100d16c035d2d8209bf49bedf6b2c3d","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We discuss the formation and evolution of boxy/peanut bulges (B/Ps) and present new simulations results. Orbital structure studies show that B/Ps are parts of bars seen edge-on, they have their origin in vertical instabilities of the disc material and they are somewhat shorter in extent than bars. When the bar forms it is vertically thin, but after a time of the order of a Gyr it experiences a vertical instability and buckles. At that time the strength of the bar decreases, its inner part becomes thicker, so that, seen edge-on, it acquires a peanut or boxy shape. A second buckling episode is s","authors_text":"E. Athanassoula, I. Martinez-Valpuesta","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2008-02-01T16:28:02Z","title":"Boxy/peanut bulges : formation, evolution and properties"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0802.0158","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:2c134ddb2e8f95447f85415c205c147465e0347976c1468f1857c75a44722662","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8609ae09c8c2a4c9f398db431159b67c68347f98622dab5ae955bf2e146cdbca","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2008-02-01T16:28:02Z","title_canon_sha256":"4cc0674c75e885d8df6725ede550039a42490c0c64dfd96283b14a28ff7ecdb5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0802.0158","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"6f410ea6b090d305594466918340846849f6b077d28c722c21da7798e87a60b3","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6f410ea6b090d305594466918340846849f6b077d28c722c21da7798e87a60b3","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:01.391351Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:01.391351Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ljgGfjj2t0Nvot9qUravdzm9TltbETqv5HHLcjikE/sHArGyc8sOBiw7hyDR9goTKD6UvV+8XwZLkR2Jng1RDQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:16:01.391953Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"0802.0158","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:2c134ddb2e8f95447f85415c205c147465e0347976c1468f1857c75a44722662","sha256:80bc363f166ffcab1d665579506913cf7100d16c035d2d8209bf49bedf6b2c3d"],"state_sha256":"e3df89be795d0b22f534fb47e48235a9bb7a85cb3c32121f5fd1a7b98cf60fcb"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"5DrDsiKfHEehwOTWmoP32y5tdmWrHDhYfGgGn8W9RD9/zzWkQNnsEiqBsJUOQ5zclCAHBkbvsx3ZqlIzN2LIBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-11T08:40:17.438932Z","bundle_sha256":"24aa2a4b6db13efed9790eed64dcc9ca5340ccce27dfd8492c3e515796d6cf50"}}