{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:N5UMJSLALZY22OJ4FCQO2FWHOP","short_pith_number":"pith:N5UMJSLA","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2108.12844","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-08-29T13:46:42Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"70afe960d01b1f091daa1ac4a1a1622beb5723d63f2a3397d9a8276bd4b2a0d1","abstract_canon_sha256":"2a422a6c7909cf162a08420f0117a23728937b8524b4c14caea0c4604e4d1596"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6f68c4c9605e71ad393c28a0ed16c773f2e64c4dc0e738539388e1ca021503ea","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2108.12844","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2108.12844","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2108.12844v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2108.12844","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"N5UMJSLALZY2","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"N5UMJSLALZY22OJ4","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"N5UMJSLA","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:36Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:N5UMJSLALZY22OJ4FCQO2FWHOP","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2108.12844","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-08-29T13:46:42Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"70afe960d01b1f091daa1ac4a1a1622beb5723d63f2a3397d9a8276bd4b2a0d1","abstract_canon_sha256":"2a422a6c7909cf162a08420f0117a23728937b8524b4c14caea0c4604e4d1596"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6f68c4c9605e71ad393c28a0ed16c773f2e64c4dc0e738539388e1ca021503ea","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:36.226462Z","signature_b64":"3ZRUiZBHQbN6JT+XKoai7Bl/KYE3McVw4uTlCp02Uv+20UEMD0TbdwenhU2WTK+yoPz+x6alb+HADgeGbjgFCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6f68c4c9605e71ad393c28a0ed16c773f2e64c4dc0e738539388e1ca021503ea","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:36.226040Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:36.226040Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2108.12844","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:36Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"+0tU84PCxAxOSWVjsfa6wwoXr0sW6pSUelMF4xMXsckpPkMbZsDQGaZNqBKvsT4ZnIk+zoj3PUZUn3xbHv1NAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-08T22:01:08.370391Z"},"content_sha256":"60dd5f434c3b69251ea71ba8b0e08288e984f168c7ca1bd21c4a833fd49e559f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:60dd5f434c3b69251ea71ba8b0e08288e984f168c7ca1bd21c4a833fd49e559f"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:N5UMJSLALZY22OJ4FCQO2FWHOP","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Behind the Scenes: An Exploration of Trigger Biases Problem in Few-Shot Event Classification","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Baobao Chang, Damai Dai, Peiyi Wang, Runxin Xu, Tianyu Liu, Zhifang Sui","submitted_at":"2021-08-29T13:46:42Z","abstract_excerpt":"Few-Shot Event Classification (FSEC) aims at developing a model for event prediction, which can generalize to new event types with a limited number of annotated data. Existing FSEC studies have achieved high accuracy on different benchmarks. However, we find they suffer from trigger biases that signify the statistical homogeneity between some trigger words and target event types, which we summarize as trigger overlapping and trigger separability. The biases can result in context-bypassing problem, i.e., correct classifications can be gained by looking at only the trigger words while ignoring t"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2108.12844","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2108.12844/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:36Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"674eg97X1d3TxnPwXln5e87X0e6UuoiHFU9MGQ0ChGhFVl8YhoxjXnoXEYx311lKsN0cT2pMWbePdsreFiLDBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-08T22:01:08.370798Z"},"content_sha256":"59bb14e41db497ffe7792f6cee73545c8698c8dc718e2cb0c5dfc8c9a55b8b66","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:59bb14e41db497ffe7792f6cee73545c8698c8dc718e2cb0c5dfc8c9a55b8b66"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/N5UMJSLALZY22OJ4FCQO2FWHOP/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/N5UMJSLALZY22OJ4FCQO2FWHOP/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/N5UMJSLALZY22OJ4FCQO2FWHOP/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-08T22:01:08Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/N5UMJSLALZY22OJ4FCQO2FWHOP","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/N5UMJSLALZY22OJ4FCQO2FWHOP/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/N5UMJSLALZY22OJ4FCQO2FWHOP/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/N5UMJSLALZY22OJ4FCQO2FWHOP/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:N5UMJSLALZY22OJ4FCQO2FWHOP","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2a422a6c7909cf162a08420f0117a23728937b8524b4c14caea0c4604e4d1596","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-08-29T13:46:42Z","title_canon_sha256":"70afe960d01b1f091daa1ac4a1a1622beb5723d63f2a3397d9a8276bd4b2a0d1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2108.12844","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2108.12844","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2108.12844v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2108.12844","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"N5UMJSLALZY2","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"N5UMJSLALZY22OJ4","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"N5UMJSLA","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:36Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:59bb14e41db497ffe7792f6cee73545c8698c8dc718e2cb0c5dfc8c9a55b8b66","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2108.12844/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Few-Shot Event Classification (FSEC) aims at developing a model for event prediction, which can generalize to new event types with a limited number of annotated data. Existing FSEC studies have achieved high accuracy on different benchmarks. However, we find they suffer from trigger biases that signify the statistical homogeneity between some trigger words and target event types, which we summarize as trigger overlapping and trigger separability. The biases can result in context-bypassing problem, i.e., correct classifications can be gained by looking at only the trigger words while ignoring t","authors_text":"Baobao Chang, Damai Dai, Peiyi Wang, Runxin Xu, Tianyu Liu, Zhifang Sui","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-08-29T13:46:42Z","title":"Behind the Scenes: An Exploration of Trigger Biases Problem in Few-Shot Event Classification"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2108.12844","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:60dd5f434c3b69251ea71ba8b0e08288e984f168c7ca1bd21c4a833fd49e559f","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2a422a6c7909cf162a08420f0117a23728937b8524b4c14caea0c4604e4d1596","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-08-29T13:46:42Z","title_canon_sha256":"70afe960d01b1f091daa1ac4a1a1622beb5723d63f2a3397d9a8276bd4b2a0d1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2108.12844","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"6f68c4c9605e71ad393c28a0ed16c773f2e64c4dc0e738539388e1ca021503ea","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6f68c4c9605e71ad393c28a0ed16c773f2e64c4dc0e738539388e1ca021503ea","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:36.226040Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:36.226040Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"3ZRUiZBHQbN6JT+XKoai7Bl/KYE3McVw4uTlCp02Uv+20UEMD0TbdwenhU2WTK+yoPz+x6alb+HADgeGbjgFCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:09:36.226462Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2108.12844","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:60dd5f434c3b69251ea71ba8b0e08288e984f168c7ca1bd21c4a833fd49e559f","sha256:59bb14e41db497ffe7792f6cee73545c8698c8dc718e2cb0c5dfc8c9a55b8b66"],"state_sha256":"8e51ef96b03355829abbe85646769ac9a8b0d466babb74f389ea18a16856700c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9Cppr8ItfY4GQrIYHoTIQtweR4dtvkJCjZWRFD/4OkL5Dn242iVNWy6vssa9eflF8WzWc9jau38cmRHCBRvPCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-08T22:01:08.372972Z","bundle_sha256":"9ce6a318c734fab5317e4126d030c0b9f111b9d5a8f9ba1a616c125b375568fe"}}