{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:N7BVYEO4C4PRJHKF4NB3BTKY7I","short_pith_number":"pith:N7BVYEO4","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2404.02599","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2024-04-03T09:33:47Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.RO"],"title_canon_sha256":"2221c552d478141f6af00f69efa9a056cdc116f6931482d454c916d959d000e2","abstract_canon_sha256":"6a0bec6033204980c7ea5881d9d27de9c0416dde3e803520d2a6c0ce9a935f42"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6fc35c11dc171f149d45e343b0cd58fa23cd2e6cd7f82892c0b0be190333411c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2404.02599","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2404.02599","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2404.02599v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2404.02599","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"N7BVYEO4C4PR","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"N7BVYEO4C4PRJHKF","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"N7BVYEO4","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:22Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:N7BVYEO4C4PRJHKF4NB3BTKY7I","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2404.02599","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2024-04-03T09:33:47Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.RO"],"title_canon_sha256":"2221c552d478141f6af00f69efa9a056cdc116f6931482d454c916d959d000e2","abstract_canon_sha256":"6a0bec6033204980c7ea5881d9d27de9c0416dde3e803520d2a6c0ce9a935f42"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6fc35c11dc171f149d45e343b0cd58fa23cd2e6cd7f82892c0b0be190333411c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:22.953904Z","signature_b64":"B8Cmxn3n1gcDVgr4Fv3aLj3qFVeOYv0p67fKoGuwZMCBzLJb7NU0RPScBwxHpb8SevLNYRbMrH4B5PjIx9W0Ag==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6fc35c11dc171f149d45e343b0cd58fa23cd2e6cd7f82892c0b0be190333411c","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:22.953447Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:22.953447Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2404.02599","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"49nXLYCb/bwhjpQUAkHCPJVDKhj4au3FKB85CuzV+thAcQcss11w/HNE5jOXZmrjORZ+DOsn9bwQvhQkKwD2CA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T13:25:20.309835Z"},"content_sha256":"fa6432affdae2b008cd6779fc6178370b52cb44d112e0ce7d02ce5b81ec8197e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:fa6432affdae2b008cd6779fc6178370b52cb44d112e0ce7d02ce5b81ec8197e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:N7BVYEO4C4PRJHKF4NB3BTKY7I","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Determining the Tactical Challenge of Scenarios to Efficiently Test Automated Driving Systems","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.RO"],"primary_cat":"cs.SE","authors_text":"Lennart Vater, Lutz Eckstein, Michael Schuldes, Sven Tarlowski","submitted_at":"2024-04-03T09:33:47Z","abstract_excerpt":"The selection of relevant test scenarios for the scenario-based testing and safety validation of automated driving systems (ADSs) remains challenging. An important aspect of the relevance of a scenario is the challenge it poses for an ADS. Existing methods for calculating the challenge of a scenario aim to express the challenge in terms of a metric value. Metric values are useful to select the least or most challenging scenario. However, they fail to provide human-interpretable information on the cause of the challenge which is critical information for the efficient selection of relevant test "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2404.02599","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2404.02599/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RbIR9btefXX1YJluCLKEPQhHPQiWEzhUbEn8FYdNbyczU2qmZHGP0WDcTlsCmsnAJHpajmiJIbllc0zEflBDAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T13:25:20.310135Z"},"content_sha256":"0c3e408726243e965928478b9817ffbcf5f9b6b7c9c1dbfe3229573bf25bb51f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0c3e408726243e965928478b9817ffbcf5f9b6b7c9c1dbfe3229573bf25bb51f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/N7BVYEO4C4PRJHKF4NB3BTKY7I/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/N7BVYEO4C4PRJHKF4NB3BTKY7I/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/N7BVYEO4C4PRJHKF4NB3BTKY7I/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-05T13:25:20Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/N7BVYEO4C4PRJHKF4NB3BTKY7I","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/N7BVYEO4C4PRJHKF4NB3BTKY7I/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/N7BVYEO4C4PRJHKF4NB3BTKY7I/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/N7BVYEO4C4PRJHKF4NB3BTKY7I/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:N7BVYEO4C4PRJHKF4NB3BTKY7I","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6a0bec6033204980c7ea5881d9d27de9c0416dde3e803520d2a6c0ce9a935f42","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.RO"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2024-04-03T09:33:47Z","title_canon_sha256":"2221c552d478141f6af00f69efa9a056cdc116f6931482d454c916d959d000e2"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2404.02599","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2404.02599","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2404.02599v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2404.02599","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"N7BVYEO4C4PR","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"N7BVYEO4C4PRJHKF","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"N7BVYEO4","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:22Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0c3e408726243e965928478b9817ffbcf5f9b6b7c9c1dbfe3229573bf25bb51f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2404.02599/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The selection of relevant test scenarios for the scenario-based testing and safety validation of automated driving systems (ADSs) remains challenging. An important aspect of the relevance of a scenario is the challenge it poses for an ADS. Existing methods for calculating the challenge of a scenario aim to express the challenge in terms of a metric value. Metric values are useful to select the least or most challenging scenario. However, they fail to provide human-interpretable information on the cause of the challenge which is critical information for the efficient selection of relevant test ","authors_text":"Lennart Vater, Lutz Eckstein, Michael Schuldes, Sven Tarlowski","cross_cats":["cs.RO"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2024-04-03T09:33:47Z","title":"Determining the Tactical Challenge of Scenarios to Efficiently Test Automated Driving Systems"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2404.02599","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:fa6432affdae2b008cd6779fc6178370b52cb44d112e0ce7d02ce5b81ec8197e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6a0bec6033204980c7ea5881d9d27de9c0416dde3e803520d2a6c0ce9a935f42","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.RO"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2024-04-03T09:33:47Z","title_canon_sha256":"2221c552d478141f6af00f69efa9a056cdc116f6931482d454c916d959d000e2"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2404.02599","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"6fc35c11dc171f149d45e343b0cd58fa23cd2e6cd7f82892c0b0be190333411c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6fc35c11dc171f149d45e343b0cd58fa23cd2e6cd7f82892c0b0be190333411c","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:22.953447Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:22.953447Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"B8Cmxn3n1gcDVgr4Fv3aLj3qFVeOYv0p67fKoGuwZMCBzLJb7NU0RPScBwxHpb8SevLNYRbMrH4B5PjIx9W0Ag==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:08:22.953904Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2404.02599","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:fa6432affdae2b008cd6779fc6178370b52cb44d112e0ce7d02ce5b81ec8197e","sha256:0c3e408726243e965928478b9817ffbcf5f9b6b7c9c1dbfe3229573bf25bb51f"],"state_sha256":"f91247250402d3040ed45bffa43382f7eb5f4f2ed78a823f47cc9b500b085b38"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"YeDAmzR93LvLhsqd6c2/O01MCfAtdFJpwWSsA0VUg5LGeTF/LqCDjMdW80LQfkfglG6DeQoMYOCxveOrc0lVAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T13:25:20.313138Z","bundle_sha256":"f895ae158d9866303ca03693b342f51175906302f536c60b2c5130420223a6e9"}}