{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:NCC7P3W6B6U6DQ37SVW6K7PUD2","short_pith_number":"pith:NCC7P3W6","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2202.04049","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.ET","submitted_at":"2022-02-08T18:30:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"title_canon_sha256":"e37d430c0af6391b5745acb6c5e768fefd5186ecb9ef626a73f5bd1112036dab","abstract_canon_sha256":"57d67c14181a7029fb867ddbf6b96b0ef7adb6c7e7c973c84067ae099117e677"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6885f7eede0fa9e1c37f956de57df41ead42fc3d91dcf047cb3e9b173f32c851","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2202.04049","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2202.04049","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:42:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2202.04049v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:42:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2202.04049","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:42:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NCC7P3W6B6U6","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:42:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NCC7P3W6B6U6DQ37","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:42:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NCC7P3W6","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:42:14Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:NCC7P3W6B6U6DQ37SVW6K7PUD2","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2202.04049","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.ET","submitted_at":"2022-02-08T18:30:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"title_canon_sha256":"e37d430c0af6391b5745acb6c5e768fefd5186ecb9ef626a73f5bd1112036dab","abstract_canon_sha256":"57d67c14181a7029fb867ddbf6b96b0ef7adb6c7e7c973c84067ae099117e677"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6885f7eede0fa9e1c37f956de57df41ead42fc3d91dcf047cb3e9b173f32c851","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:42:14.650986Z","signature_b64":"38AVhj/cFdOqVOo3pfmLz8jFKVRHVJXSWwzztWLKrcbk9pTPYp5zSa5nNpevlgwvoN0OG5UNSp/MkQ5KprZTDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6885f7eede0fa9e1c37f956de57df41ead42fc3d91dcf047cb3e9b173f32c851","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:42:14.650563Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:42:14.650563Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2202.04049","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:42:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"blNYhjA5rq1qLrI9tOy00f2cj/2IYt5b/JbeIu0OwFzbBkTzZC2dJ0CsvANeXtLL0iyfWQDmiEafqM9VL7HOCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T00:24:34.446186Z"},"content_sha256":"28db8faf1104429ecb06952e6d4c4639fc30d2a32a383c657c9f8974609661b9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:28db8faf1104429ecb06952e6d4c4639fc30d2a32a383c657c9f8974609661b9"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:NCC7P3W6B6U6DQ37SVW6K7PUD2","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A 120dB Programmable-Range On-Chip Pulse Generator for Characterizing Ferroelectric Devices","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"primary_cat":"cs.ET","authors_text":"Charlotte Frenkel, Erika Covi, Giacomo Indiveri, Melika Payvand, Quang Duong, Shyam Narayanan, Stefan Slesazeck, Suzanne Lancaster, Thomas Mikolajick, Viktor Havel","submitted_at":"2022-02-08T18:30:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"Novel non-volatile memory devices based on ferroelectric thin films represent a promising emerging technology that is ideally suited for neuromorphic applications. The physical switching mechanism in such films is the nucleation and growth of ferroelectric domains. Since this has a strong dependence on both pulse width and voltage amplitude, it is important to use precise pulsing schemes for a thorough characterization of their behaviour. In this work, we present an on-chip 120 dB programmable range pulse generator, that can generate pulse widths ranging from 10ns to 10ms $\\pm$2.5% which elimi"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2202.04049","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2202.04049/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:42:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"p8eq5JCFc/WbeUrMKUEeLTU9c7wtsqMFYOaynRe9x1JnGi/D/JTfFxNxJBjb7wVGNAUPKNZLUKx0cgsIQkfyDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T00:24:34.446774Z"},"content_sha256":"21aea5979632ed8cb97bdc8c38cd4d1e064a84b2914f1574fe8b47314ff0f6bf","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:21aea5979632ed8cb97bdc8c38cd4d1e064a84b2914f1574fe8b47314ff0f6bf"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NCC7P3W6B6U6DQ37SVW6K7PUD2/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NCC7P3W6B6U6DQ37SVW6K7PUD2/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NCC7P3W6B6U6DQ37SVW6K7PUD2/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-07T00:24:34Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NCC7P3W6B6U6DQ37SVW6K7PUD2","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NCC7P3W6B6U6DQ37SVW6K7PUD2/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NCC7P3W6B6U6DQ37SVW6K7PUD2/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NCC7P3W6B6U6DQ37SVW6K7PUD2/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:NCC7P3W6B6U6DQ37SVW6K7PUD2","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"57d67c14181a7029fb867ddbf6b96b0ef7adb6c7e7c973c84067ae099117e677","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.ET","submitted_at":"2022-02-08T18:30:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"e37d430c0af6391b5745acb6c5e768fefd5186ecb9ef626a73f5bd1112036dab"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2202.04049","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2202.04049","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:42:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2202.04049v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:42:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2202.04049","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:42:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NCC7P3W6B6U6","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:42:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NCC7P3W6B6U6DQ37","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:42:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NCC7P3W6","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:42:14Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:21aea5979632ed8cb97bdc8c38cd4d1e064a84b2914f1574fe8b47314ff0f6bf","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:42:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2202.04049/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Novel non-volatile memory devices based on ferroelectric thin films represent a promising emerging technology that is ideally suited for neuromorphic applications. The physical switching mechanism in such films is the nucleation and growth of ferroelectric domains. Since this has a strong dependence on both pulse width and voltage amplitude, it is important to use precise pulsing schemes for a thorough characterization of their behaviour. In this work, we present an on-chip 120 dB programmable range pulse generator, that can generate pulse widths ranging from 10ns to 10ms $\\pm$2.5% which elimi","authors_text":"Charlotte Frenkel, Erika Covi, Giacomo Indiveri, Melika Payvand, Quang Duong, Shyam Narayanan, Stefan Slesazeck, Suzanne Lancaster, Thomas Mikolajick, Viktor Havel","cross_cats":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.ET","submitted_at":"2022-02-08T18:30:56Z","title":"A 120dB Programmable-Range On-Chip Pulse Generator for Characterizing Ferroelectric Devices"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2202.04049","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:28db8faf1104429ecb06952e6d4c4639fc30d2a32a383c657c9f8974609661b9","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:42:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"57d67c14181a7029fb867ddbf6b96b0ef7adb6c7e7c973c84067ae099117e677","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.SY","eess.SY"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.ET","submitted_at":"2022-02-08T18:30:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"e37d430c0af6391b5745acb6c5e768fefd5186ecb9ef626a73f5bd1112036dab"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2202.04049","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"6885f7eede0fa9e1c37f956de57df41ead42fc3d91dcf047cb3e9b173f32c851","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6885f7eede0fa9e1c37f956de57df41ead42fc3d91dcf047cb3e9b173f32c851","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:42:14.650563Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:42:14.650563Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"38AVhj/cFdOqVOo3pfmLz8jFKVRHVJXSWwzztWLKrcbk9pTPYp5zSa5nNpevlgwvoN0OG5UNSp/MkQ5KprZTDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:42:14.650986Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2202.04049","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:28db8faf1104429ecb06952e6d4c4639fc30d2a32a383c657c9f8974609661b9","sha256:21aea5979632ed8cb97bdc8c38cd4d1e064a84b2914f1574fe8b47314ff0f6bf"],"state_sha256":"92408bda00f003be7abccf4962d084befdc7b101a71cd11c390277573d338766"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ngSjNIPQGWUHUvMFPojXOCarMAFtwwGHxRltQP0HCyIo2TSdhgbEwHcSmjkI682CEbT3cApcMlrK0YiamWMfDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T00:24:34.451975Z","bundle_sha256":"0dcf5764fbb1290f9321c013257a32121c11451f83243b5e0422f7faa7c2045b"}}