{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:NCKU6XXFOPEJLZP2P65WOQ2EJH","short_pith_number":"pith:NCKU6XXF","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1302.6541","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2013-02-26T19:08:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.atom-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"8715103a7d36d2bee0c82e2e79468dfca2042d6a8422aa40025ead9ff8442f3a","abstract_canon_sha256":"904a4c3585dba0aa461ffac7f9cc37cc1eab4b8218f12eb830225afc33f4d459"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"68954f5ee573c895e5fa7fbb67434449e6cf8f42fe8ce5e91b3c4169b39c3ea0","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1302.6541","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1302.6541","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1302.6541v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1302.6541","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NCKU6XXFOPEJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NCKU6XXFOPEJLZP2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NCKU6XXF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:52Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:NCKU6XXFOPEJLZP2P65WOQ2EJH","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1302.6541","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2013-02-26T19:08:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.atom-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"8715103a7d36d2bee0c82e2e79468dfca2042d6a8422aa40025ead9ff8442f3a","abstract_canon_sha256":"904a4c3585dba0aa461ffac7f9cc37cc1eab4b8218f12eb830225afc33f4d459"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"68954f5ee573c895e5fa7fbb67434449e6cf8f42fe8ce5e91b3c4169b39c3ea0","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:27.165397Z","signature_b64":"SGMACEFdkx805L+ar031E9FKyLx4bfFcxupivLGf6/9B1BD0sdDHW71ctiix80CwODY4dPw80tqzWuR+CEGgCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"68954f5ee573c895e5fa7fbb67434449e6cf8f42fe8ce5e91b3c4169b39c3ea0","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:27.164762Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:27.164762Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1302.6541","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:27Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"mqhUcwJqKyHpyxDBYz6f9lVjrAGgVmko/gvvRPgJe4A8a3XpYC6NPFioV+2pOiVamH+zqgoUgQg1QF5rlUWMCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-24T18:09:09.697836Z"},"content_sha256":"0220327c43f8632fc1de95fef1bf4072442cf28e2b0f34fa6465affca9e4f9f1","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0220327c43f8632fc1de95fef1bf4072442cf28e2b0f34fa6465affca9e4f9f1"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:NCKU6XXFOPEJLZP2P65WOQ2EJH","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Ultra-short strong excitation of two-level systems","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.atom-ph"],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Fabio Grazioso, Hichem Eleuch, Pankaj K. Jha","submitted_at":"2013-02-26T19:08:55Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present a model describing the use of ultra-short strong pulses to control the population of the excited level of a two-level quantum system. In particular, we study an off-resonance excitation with a few cycles pulse which presents a smooth phase jump i.e. a change of the pulse's phase which is not step-like, but happens over a finite time interval. A numerical solution is given for the time-dependent probability amplitude of the excited level. The control of the excited level's population is obtained acting on the shape of the phase transient, and other parameters of the excitation pulse."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1302.6541","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:27Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CSxb/cGn8nys0IQeB3bPj0wWX6bLHT+ieXVaxD6Qc6GBVnRp1yIscCEF3yFCRnYjX6UJHXrD/QcfsouefgugDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-24T18:09:09.698180Z"},"content_sha256":"49c8c63202d4109af0df6b7106e7c615ede69944ae5d6a1e2b168f5161e766a8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:49c8c63202d4109af0df6b7106e7c615ede69944ae5d6a1e2b168f5161e766a8"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NCKU6XXFOPEJLZP2P65WOQ2EJH/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NCKU6XXFOPEJLZP2P65WOQ2EJH/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NCKU6XXFOPEJLZP2P65WOQ2EJH/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-24T18:09:09Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NCKU6XXFOPEJLZP2P65WOQ2EJH","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NCKU6XXFOPEJLZP2P65WOQ2EJH/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NCKU6XXFOPEJLZP2P65WOQ2EJH/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NCKU6XXFOPEJLZP2P65WOQ2EJH/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:NCKU6XXFOPEJLZP2P65WOQ2EJH","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"904a4c3585dba0aa461ffac7f9cc37cc1eab4b8218f12eb830225afc33f4d459","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.atom-ph"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2013-02-26T19:08:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"8715103a7d36d2bee0c82e2e79468dfca2042d6a8422aa40025ead9ff8442f3a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1302.6541","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1302.6541","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1302.6541v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1302.6541","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NCKU6XXFOPEJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NCKU6XXFOPEJLZP2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NCKU6XXF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:52Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:49c8c63202d4109af0df6b7106e7c615ede69944ae5d6a1e2b168f5161e766a8","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:27Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present a model describing the use of ultra-short strong pulses to control the population of the excited level of a two-level quantum system. In particular, we study an off-resonance excitation with a few cycles pulse which presents a smooth phase jump i.e. a change of the pulse's phase which is not step-like, but happens over a finite time interval. A numerical solution is given for the time-dependent probability amplitude of the excited level. The control of the excited level's population is obtained acting on the shape of the phase transient, and other parameters of the excitation pulse.","authors_text":"Fabio Grazioso, Hichem Eleuch, Pankaj K. Jha","cross_cats":["physics.atom-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2013-02-26T19:08:55Z","title":"Ultra-short strong excitation of two-level systems"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1302.6541","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0220327c43f8632fc1de95fef1bf4072442cf28e2b0f34fa6465affca9e4f9f1","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:27Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"904a4c3585dba0aa461ffac7f9cc37cc1eab4b8218f12eb830225afc33f4d459","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.atom-ph"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2013-02-26T19:08:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"8715103a7d36d2bee0c82e2e79468dfca2042d6a8422aa40025ead9ff8442f3a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1302.6541","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"68954f5ee573c895e5fa7fbb67434449e6cf8f42fe8ce5e91b3c4169b39c3ea0","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"68954f5ee573c895e5fa7fbb67434449e6cf8f42fe8ce5e91b3c4169b39c3ea0","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:27.164762Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:27.164762Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"SGMACEFdkx805L+ar031E9FKyLx4bfFcxupivLGf6/9B1BD0sdDHW71ctiix80CwODY4dPw80tqzWuR+CEGgCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:27.165397Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1302.6541","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0220327c43f8632fc1de95fef1bf4072442cf28e2b0f34fa6465affca9e4f9f1","sha256:49c8c63202d4109af0df6b7106e7c615ede69944ae5d6a1e2b168f5161e766a8"],"state_sha256":"7000cfe04a920ab7fa33024bc9b1300bd8f1261043ce3f5ec7913ce9e035f00d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"dA5L+crrSE1hXulOhDDW5wATLXmtqio9sxrARSFDETT1zbzEj4EOgUxTXZkVKgEFUye6BUp6P4NDnMcbAdaeDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-24T18:09:09.700121Z","bundle_sha256":"e99d8e1c1e43d7d88670e14016cedb1b358f897cd619b1491fadc1d537c8320f"}}