{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:NCRLQZ35DPPX6Q7IMHFWXPFTGT","short_pith_number":"pith:NCRLQZ35","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1707.05786","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2017-07-18T18:00:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"title_canon_sha256":"95fa006321a0ef44efc8433bb6d5e2c818e87ccb010e5253dc3239ec4066d86c","abstract_canon_sha256":"cc76ca9cd6cdb7a5178e459a953658b2f9c363e805bd6ff1aa660cec61de2df1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"68a2b8677d1bdf7f43e861cb6bbcb334f5c71027191849214c9ac53c6f609d27","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1707.05786","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1707.05786","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1707.05786v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1707.05786","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NCRLQZ35DPPX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NCRLQZ35DPPX6Q7I","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NCRLQZ35","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:NCRLQZ35DPPX6Q7IMHFWXPFTGT","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1707.05786","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2017-07-18T18:00:00Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"title_canon_sha256":"95fa006321a0ef44efc8433bb6d5e2c818e87ccb010e5253dc3239ec4066d86c","abstract_canon_sha256":"cc76ca9cd6cdb7a5178e459a953658b2f9c363e805bd6ff1aa660cec61de2df1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"68a2b8677d1bdf7f43e861cb6bbcb334f5c71027191849214c9ac53c6f609d27","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:28.497473Z","signature_b64":"7VUQFbJ2mlz5fKGj0cltTsW/23gaKualBpm7AeKxc2D8NEvGQ6A4O43w9QudfjzpCkDr9xlszlQltlR6KSbFBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"68a2b8677d1bdf7f43e861cb6bbcb334f5c71027191849214c9ac53c6f609d27","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:28.496052Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:28.496052Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1707.05786","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:28Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rRzFEoiAn1hqCwfvdeChfum4kLXr4XO/zX+jfnvGBiU4hK1Z8xPmKSrLKmylzN4Lt94jNLKAj40JKiuFhRoQDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T19:19:16.166660Z"},"content_sha256":"6c635f0c51724109b05233c28361cd230ddf6dd10d8e6a61213140c44b24988e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6c635f0c51724109b05233c28361cd230ddf6dd10d8e6a61213140c44b24988e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:NCRLQZ35DPPX6Q7IMHFWXPFTGT","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Circumbinary discs from tidal disruption events","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.HE"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Eric R. Coughlin, Philip J. Armitage","submitted_at":"2017-07-18T18:00:00Z","abstract_excerpt":"Tidal disruption events, which occur when a star is shredded by the tidal field of a supermassive black hole, provide a means of fueling black hole accretion. Here we show, using a combination of three body orbit integrations and hydrodynamic simulations, that these events are also capable of generating circumbinary rings of gas around tight supermassive black hole binaries with small mass ratios. Depending on the thermodynamics, these rings can either fragment into clumps that orbit the binary, or evolve into a gaseous circumbinary disc. We argue that tidal disruptions provide a direct means "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1707.05786","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:28Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tFdgJzbt/UcqBumnJJxeyXEpjnxqFxladggGXb/XJYlB8zlX6ixEC6HjOKHSAxzen6e5E8wRlrmwf8OZY2TCBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T19:19:16.167304Z"},"content_sha256":"dedc33c2b207616bd9044a28ef5510daa563f076e783323e67850dfa79fe4c32","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:dedc33c2b207616bd9044a28ef5510daa563f076e783323e67850dfa79fe4c32"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NCRLQZ35DPPX6Q7IMHFWXPFTGT/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NCRLQZ35DPPX6Q7IMHFWXPFTGT/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NCRLQZ35DPPX6Q7IMHFWXPFTGT/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T19:19:16Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NCRLQZ35DPPX6Q7IMHFWXPFTGT","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NCRLQZ35DPPX6Q7IMHFWXPFTGT/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NCRLQZ35DPPX6Q7IMHFWXPFTGT/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NCRLQZ35DPPX6Q7IMHFWXPFTGT/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:NCRLQZ35DPPX6Q7IMHFWXPFTGT","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cc76ca9cd6cdb7a5178e459a953658b2f9c363e805bd6ff1aa660cec61de2df1","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2017-07-18T18:00:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"95fa006321a0ef44efc8433bb6d5e2c818e87ccb010e5253dc3239ec4066d86c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1707.05786","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1707.05786","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1707.05786v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1707.05786","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NCRLQZ35DPPX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NCRLQZ35DPPX6Q7I","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NCRLQZ35","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:dedc33c2b207616bd9044a28ef5510daa563f076e783323e67850dfa79fe4c32","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:28Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Tidal disruption events, which occur when a star is shredded by the tidal field of a supermassive black hole, provide a means of fueling black hole accretion. Here we show, using a combination of three body orbit integrations and hydrodynamic simulations, that these events are also capable of generating circumbinary rings of gas around tight supermassive black hole binaries with small mass ratios. Depending on the thermodynamics, these rings can either fragment into clumps that orbit the binary, or evolve into a gaseous circumbinary disc. We argue that tidal disruptions provide a direct means ","authors_text":"Eric R. Coughlin, Philip J. Armitage","cross_cats":["astro-ph.HE"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2017-07-18T18:00:00Z","title":"Circumbinary discs from tidal disruption events"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1707.05786","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:6c635f0c51724109b05233c28361cd230ddf6dd10d8e6a61213140c44b24988e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:28Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cc76ca9cd6cdb7a5178e459a953658b2f9c363e805bd6ff1aa660cec61de2df1","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2017-07-18T18:00:00Z","title_canon_sha256":"95fa006321a0ef44efc8433bb6d5e2c818e87ccb010e5253dc3239ec4066d86c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1707.05786","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"68a2b8677d1bdf7f43e861cb6bbcb334f5c71027191849214c9ac53c6f609d27","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"68a2b8677d1bdf7f43e861cb6bbcb334f5c71027191849214c9ac53c6f609d27","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:28.496052Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:28.496052Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"7VUQFbJ2mlz5fKGj0cltTsW/23gaKualBpm7AeKxc2D8NEvGQ6A4O43w9QudfjzpCkDr9xlszlQltlR6KSbFBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:36:28.497473Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1707.05786","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:6c635f0c51724109b05233c28361cd230ddf6dd10d8e6a61213140c44b24988e","sha256:dedc33c2b207616bd9044a28ef5510daa563f076e783323e67850dfa79fe4c32"],"state_sha256":"43dc31407ab7d2b02376237a599f231481befe8973e7678a24feeebde618127a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"YhSQ2FWiNXw9NYEoWU6vQaQsVAzV9Yse6gBhtbrkwEeNqfmgcDhNU/79viF80Ghn+8jkESNcG8VADXOMmtc5DA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T19:19:16.170332Z","bundle_sha256":"2494bb13b6aa074871e09225dd1ce42a54a559afbaf98edc14a5db1b70b0a073"}}