{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:NES2NJOUEQWFYARCUFJDOVTYQE","short_pith_number":"pith:NES2NJOU","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2507.08031","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-07-09T02:40:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"bd0dd437187715d89e100b657bedaa49636e8f892fe7a2bcb9ceb198b5877217","abstract_canon_sha256":"b6744d60ba04dd8438640ba6a4ab48536766051cecd45519b919bc782609be7d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6925a6a5d4242c5c0222a152375678812b91a1f1dd194ed92eec4a87506eaaaa","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2507.08031","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2507.08031","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:36:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2507.08031v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:36:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2507.08031","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:36:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NES2NJOUEQWF","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:36:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NES2NJOUEQWFYARC","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:36:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NES2NJOU","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:36:35Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:NES2NJOUEQWFYARCUFJDOVTYQE","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2507.08031","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-07-09T02:40:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"bd0dd437187715d89e100b657bedaa49636e8f892fe7a2bcb9ceb198b5877217","abstract_canon_sha256":"b6744d60ba04dd8438640ba6a4ab48536766051cecd45519b919bc782609be7d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6925a6a5d4242c5c0222a152375678812b91a1f1dd194ed92eec4a87506eaaaa","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:36:35.319454Z","signature_b64":"ApX/XKkR4ZBnXAHNc/+3+3G/Xxuk8st6NEVej8U7PPo1KxBWmbGN04UjaytkGS1YGeqe92KPAusv+Nfs62NXDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6925a6a5d4242c5c0222a152375678812b91a1f1dd194ed92eec4a87506eaaaa","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:36:35.318972Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:36:35.318972Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2507.08031","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:36:35Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"voQTp8tbntTvr/Wj4oKixAKkC7ufVRi4SypCpAewaf7qcqjsL2qusFBd9Eh3oUhPHDFauUwXZFKVrR+zYpcVDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T13:17:55.732676Z"},"content_sha256":"b4aa04e68986c6597697627833f9b2b02e6eba54b29fc7daca0661bd4bb75091","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b4aa04e68986c6597697627833f9b2b02e6eba54b29fc7daca0661bd4bb75091"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:NES2NJOUEQWFYARCUFJDOVTYQE","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Beyond Scale: Small Language Models are Comparable to GPT-4 in Mental Health Understanding","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Feng Xia, Hong Jia, Shiya Fu, Ting Dang, Vassilis Kostakos","submitted_at":"2025-07-09T02:40:02Z","abstract_excerpt":"The emergence of Small Language Models (SLMs) as privacy-preserving alternatives for sensitive applications raises a fundamental question about their inherent understanding capabilities compared to Large Language Models (LLMs). This paper investigates the mental health understanding capabilities of current SLMs through systematic evaluation across diverse classification tasks. Employing zero-shot and few-shot learning paradigms, we benchmark their performance against established LLM baselines to elucidate their relative strengths and limitations in this critical domain. We assess five state-of"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2507.08031","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2507.08031/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:36:35Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"l0SopMrAgnETlsMvSddPjCnIgUwazDYJ4WXgw/dyzaE+Io+Wii0qxCk/3Bc8x9E13YBL+xC0fpBJMLQZYaNDCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T13:17:55.733184Z"},"content_sha256":"1da7322b7b0b3b38d664ba32b6ca0e35687dca9c8380a7d7007aca034e6e8638","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1da7322b7b0b3b38d664ba32b6ca0e35687dca9c8380a7d7007aca034e6e8638"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NES2NJOUEQWFYARCUFJDOVTYQE/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NES2NJOUEQWFYARCUFJDOVTYQE/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NES2NJOUEQWFYARCUFJDOVTYQE/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-09T13:17:55Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NES2NJOUEQWFYARCUFJDOVTYQE","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NES2NJOUEQWFYARCUFJDOVTYQE/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NES2NJOUEQWFYARCUFJDOVTYQE/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NES2NJOUEQWFYARCUFJDOVTYQE/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:NES2NJOUEQWFYARCUFJDOVTYQE","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b6744d60ba04dd8438640ba6a4ab48536766051cecd45519b919bc782609be7d","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-07-09T02:40:02Z","title_canon_sha256":"bd0dd437187715d89e100b657bedaa49636e8f892fe7a2bcb9ceb198b5877217"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2507.08031","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2507.08031","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:36:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2507.08031v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:36:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2507.08031","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:36:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NES2NJOUEQWF","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:36:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NES2NJOUEQWFYARC","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:36:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NES2NJOU","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:36:35Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:1da7322b7b0b3b38d664ba32b6ca0e35687dca9c8380a7d7007aca034e6e8638","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:36:35Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2507.08031/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The emergence of Small Language Models (SLMs) as privacy-preserving alternatives for sensitive applications raises a fundamental question about their inherent understanding capabilities compared to Large Language Models (LLMs). This paper investigates the mental health understanding capabilities of current SLMs through systematic evaluation across diverse classification tasks. Employing zero-shot and few-shot learning paradigms, we benchmark their performance against established LLM baselines to elucidate their relative strengths and limitations in this critical domain. We assess five state-of","authors_text":"Feng Xia, Hong Jia, Shiya Fu, Ting Dang, Vassilis Kostakos","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-07-09T02:40:02Z","title":"Beyond Scale: Small Language Models are Comparable to GPT-4 in Mental Health Understanding"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2507.08031","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b4aa04e68986c6597697627833f9b2b02e6eba54b29fc7daca0661bd4bb75091","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:36:35Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b6744d60ba04dd8438640ba6a4ab48536766051cecd45519b919bc782609be7d","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2025-07-09T02:40:02Z","title_canon_sha256":"bd0dd437187715d89e100b657bedaa49636e8f892fe7a2bcb9ceb198b5877217"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2507.08031","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"6925a6a5d4242c5c0222a152375678812b91a1f1dd194ed92eec4a87506eaaaa","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6925a6a5d4242c5c0222a152375678812b91a1f1dd194ed92eec4a87506eaaaa","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:36:35.318972Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:36:35.318972Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ApX/XKkR4ZBnXAHNc/+3+3G/Xxuk8st6NEVej8U7PPo1KxBWmbGN04UjaytkGS1YGeqe92KPAusv+Nfs62NXDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:36:35.319454Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2507.08031","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b4aa04e68986c6597697627833f9b2b02e6eba54b29fc7daca0661bd4bb75091","sha256:1da7322b7b0b3b38d664ba32b6ca0e35687dca9c8380a7d7007aca034e6e8638"],"state_sha256":"e1d52a51361abd636c1c7a64892657e8527b8c829c03a71e264f585ac2fdd18d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"hOsvuLGp/pwly4SYX/w9/hPhhAtwl8lH0hlRW8fpHrvexTlyN2ouhEHPMQm8HIhj8RmzAeCGynW1dv5vqn01Aw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T13:17:55.739112Z","bundle_sha256":"b41d4c7ccaaa6c6cf58adfc7660699c8e571aa529e8098d0a9c72539b99478d7"}}