{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:NGMGCTD2YKMBA4PRT7A3QA7NL6","short_pith_number":"pith:NGMGCTD2","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2011.10852","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NE","submitted_at":"2020-11-21T19:44:19Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.ET"],"title_canon_sha256":"0f844c6e04cfc2107f46da4281a6a8987929053d711edb0f4031c53dbdda65fc","abstract_canon_sha256":"8730e07663a67141047343c47dd8effc8858dda4ff0934e142f52d50cff43e4e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6998614c7ac2981071f19fc1b803ed5f9019b264b7cb33e31317e0e1d11830e4","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2011.10852","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2011.10852","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:53:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2011.10852v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:53:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2011.10852","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:53:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NGMGCTD2YKMB","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:53:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NGMGCTD2YKMBA4PR","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:53:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NGMGCTD2","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:53:26Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:NGMGCTD2YKMBA4PRT7A3QA7NL6","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2011.10852","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NE","submitted_at":"2020-11-21T19:44:19Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.ET"],"title_canon_sha256":"0f844c6e04cfc2107f46da4281a6a8987929053d711edb0f4031c53dbdda65fc","abstract_canon_sha256":"8730e07663a67141047343c47dd8effc8858dda4ff0934e142f52d50cff43e4e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6998614c7ac2981071f19fc1b803ed5f9019b264b7cb33e31317e0e1d11830e4","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:53:26.648236Z","signature_b64":"POfvj0HCAdGyoIr5wyYK1VnZabN0Sl0AySfu8wpp2zS4H7esGbQXKwa4aOn5BEizLbQ8b9ytlsxha2WPVOMxDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6998614c7ac2981071f19fc1b803ed5f9019b264b7cb33e31317e0e1d11830e4","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:53:26.647890Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:53:26.647890Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2011.10852","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:53:26Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"SV5hlu4eonJDWRzhl5GJsiSvqbP+pHgKHeXv6DSEQ/0UMuMfpBhFEI/wP6E0Wh4f9LDx6m1Jmp9YQ8joA8tBBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T08:04:21.180801Z"},"content_sha256":"a0b367375b12d520b573d4c26016dec223238234f640a023956b0d9c827390aa","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a0b367375b12d520b573d4c26016dec223238234f640a023956b0d9c827390aa"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:NGMGCTD2YKMBA4PRT7A3QA7NL6","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"On-Chip Error-triggered Learning of Multi-layer Memristive Spiking Neural Networks","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.ET"],"primary_cat":"cs.NE","authors_text":"Ahmed M. Eltawil, Emre O. Neftci, Fadi Kurdahi, Melika Payvand, Mohammed E. Fouda","submitted_at":"2020-11-21T19:44:19Z","abstract_excerpt":"Recent breakthroughs in neuromorphic computing show that local forms of gradient descent learning are compatible with Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) and synaptic plasticity. Although SNNs can be scalably implemented using neuromorphic VLSI, an architecture that can learn using gradient-descent in situ is still missing. In this paper, we propose a local, gradient-based, error-triggered learning algorithm with online ternary weight updates. The proposed algorithm enables online training of multi-layer SNNs with memristive neuromorphic hardware showing a small loss in the performance compared wit"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2011.10852","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2011.10852/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:53:26Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"k0mDiqS1yUSNo9MD8YvRtLhh2GlM5PRzUShtufGaoRMFcltgkQgYDJqkNNTJlvxbzrYfwRvrYdyJq69byGCWCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T08:04:21.181323Z"},"content_sha256":"6e00293f0f01cf1d21f5fb34c1641333afcaf1719656ad2128670d57913e2071","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6e00293f0f01cf1d21f5fb34c1641333afcaf1719656ad2128670d57913e2071"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NGMGCTD2YKMBA4PRT7A3QA7NL6/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NGMGCTD2YKMBA4PRT7A3QA7NL6/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NGMGCTD2YKMBA4PRT7A3QA7NL6/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-07T08:04:21Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NGMGCTD2YKMBA4PRT7A3QA7NL6","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NGMGCTD2YKMBA4PRT7A3QA7NL6/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NGMGCTD2YKMBA4PRT7A3QA7NL6/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NGMGCTD2YKMBA4PRT7A3QA7NL6/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:NGMGCTD2YKMBA4PRT7A3QA7NL6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8730e07663a67141047343c47dd8effc8858dda4ff0934e142f52d50cff43e4e","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.ET"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NE","submitted_at":"2020-11-21T19:44:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"0f844c6e04cfc2107f46da4281a6a8987929053d711edb0f4031c53dbdda65fc"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2011.10852","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2011.10852","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:53:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2011.10852v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:53:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2011.10852","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:53:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NGMGCTD2YKMB","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:53:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NGMGCTD2YKMBA4PR","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:53:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NGMGCTD2","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:53:26Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6e00293f0f01cf1d21f5fb34c1641333afcaf1719656ad2128670d57913e2071","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:53:26Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2011.10852/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Recent breakthroughs in neuromorphic computing show that local forms of gradient descent learning are compatible with Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) and synaptic plasticity. Although SNNs can be scalably implemented using neuromorphic VLSI, an architecture that can learn using gradient-descent in situ is still missing. In this paper, we propose a local, gradient-based, error-triggered learning algorithm with online ternary weight updates. The proposed algorithm enables online training of multi-layer SNNs with memristive neuromorphic hardware showing a small loss in the performance compared wit","authors_text":"Ahmed M. Eltawil, Emre O. Neftci, Fadi Kurdahi, Melika Payvand, Mohammed E. Fouda","cross_cats":["cs.ET"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NE","submitted_at":"2020-11-21T19:44:19Z","title":"On-Chip Error-triggered Learning of Multi-layer Memristive Spiking Neural Networks"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2011.10852","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a0b367375b12d520b573d4c26016dec223238234f640a023956b0d9c827390aa","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:53:26Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8730e07663a67141047343c47dd8effc8858dda4ff0934e142f52d50cff43e4e","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.ET"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NE","submitted_at":"2020-11-21T19:44:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"0f844c6e04cfc2107f46da4281a6a8987929053d711edb0f4031c53dbdda65fc"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2011.10852","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"6998614c7ac2981071f19fc1b803ed5f9019b264b7cb33e31317e0e1d11830e4","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6998614c7ac2981071f19fc1b803ed5f9019b264b7cb33e31317e0e1d11830e4","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:53:26.647890Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:53:26.647890Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"POfvj0HCAdGyoIr5wyYK1VnZabN0Sl0AySfu8wpp2zS4H7esGbQXKwa4aOn5BEizLbQ8b9ytlsxha2WPVOMxDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:53:26.648236Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2011.10852","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a0b367375b12d520b573d4c26016dec223238234f640a023956b0d9c827390aa","sha256:6e00293f0f01cf1d21f5fb34c1641333afcaf1719656ad2128670d57913e2071"],"state_sha256":"78b54d20564d2ffdc8ea5228b9fca77318fa5925a72c26ae90018256c3f6b2e4"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"eqJIAI+eWSDmSe11m3BxPSK5FYp0KCoh1CdNbNWMY3UjTRj7g1Xc8vKK5qJUvA1dX5BXX4IAnwSJAKMCBwasBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T08:04:21.186385Z","bundle_sha256":"1d5e826a5850ca83339920fe4e4ee2816eeeaa4263371def88960ee8abde8654"}}