{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:NHPVYEUDCG6RGAGU7Z426ZAKGJ","short_pith_number":"pith:NHPVYEUD","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2309.05718","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2023-09-11T18:00:09Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"73576361664a54570d919ad26475d72b6d66cbba059250a4c8bd81e01054f731","abstract_canon_sha256":"fc1aaecdbc9ea33de0cb80fbc687f7daeef53bf6be76052b6e4fee0b50f4eef4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"69df5c128311bd1300d4fe79af640a326bae8476cea08cf63b8aafbeebb244fa","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2309.05718","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2309.05718","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:10:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2309.05718v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:10:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2309.05718","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:10:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NHPVYEUDCG6R","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:10:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NHPVYEUDCG6RGAGU","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:10:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NHPVYEUD","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:10:28Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:NHPVYEUDCG6RGAGU7Z426ZAKGJ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2309.05718","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2023-09-11T18:00:09Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"73576361664a54570d919ad26475d72b6d66cbba059250a4c8bd81e01054f731","abstract_canon_sha256":"fc1aaecdbc9ea33de0cb80fbc687f7daeef53bf6be76052b6e4fee0b50f4eef4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"69df5c128311bd1300d4fe79af640a326bae8476cea08cf63b8aafbeebb244fa","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:10:28.002952Z","signature_b64":"GVLbzR2Hd/jBEBOfrtnIOv5NUb1uDsm71tRDFUEHQ4Jll8Yea0MCOhsKdFecx6wv/WniDdygRp4pir0cI2sfBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"69df5c128311bd1300d4fe79af640a326bae8476cea08cf63b8aafbeebb244fa","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:10:28.002513Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:10:28.002513Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2309.05718","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:10:28Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"UeFwJkkNXmz64jrmmcLFNxCCkHxEU9X92dXPEKU1oX3h6MmRNQqtYlLQJlPpj0zpYekIvsc+SVQzwBry2dx8BA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T04:30:00.122545Z"},"content_sha256":"531c68d2f71d53fe9b460f1bb498645d88bf1bf32f91e4d91f129092213619b3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:531c68d2f71d53fe9b460f1bb498645d88bf1bf32f91e4d91f129092213619b3"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:NHPVYEUDCG6RGAGU7Z426ZAKGJ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Discovery of An X-ray Photoionized Optical Nebula and A Radio Nebula Associated with the ULX NGC 4861 X-1","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"Alexandr Vinokurov, Antonio Cabrera-Lavers, Hang Gong, Jifeng Liu, Liang Wang, Ryan Urquhart, Sergei Fabrika, Yu Bai","submitted_at":"2023-09-11T18:00:09Z","abstract_excerpt":"We have conducted long-slit spectroscopic observations and analyzed archival radio data for the ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX) NGC 4861 X-1. Our spectral line analysis unveils that NGC 4861 X-1 is the fourth ULX situated within an X-ray photoionized nebula, following three previous findings made approximately two decades ago. Remarkably, we discover NGC 4861 X-1 also possesses a radio nebula emitting optically thin synchrotron radiation, which contradicts its X-ray photoionization and raises doubts about the four ULXs being a mere coincidence. Instead of gradually accumulating from different"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2309.05718","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2309.05718/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:10:28Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CLdyBpV9qpyBny5ROH8Vp91PVMLqR9yPH+VinyMiJ+8j5W7RSdL42qbO7KBvKa1p7s9OMSHcfcABMcfjSXBCBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T04:30:00.123200Z"},"content_sha256":"b9fbaad8be128d272b4cd8f0fa820b935b5421e145ba03e9f715edbb5e58c6dd","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b9fbaad8be128d272b4cd8f0fa820b935b5421e145ba03e9f715edbb5e58c6dd"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NHPVYEUDCG6RGAGU7Z426ZAKGJ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NHPVYEUDCG6RGAGU7Z426ZAKGJ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NHPVYEUDCG6RGAGU7Z426ZAKGJ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-22T04:30:00Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NHPVYEUDCG6RGAGU7Z426ZAKGJ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NHPVYEUDCG6RGAGU7Z426ZAKGJ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NHPVYEUDCG6RGAGU7Z426ZAKGJ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NHPVYEUDCG6RGAGU7Z426ZAKGJ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:NHPVYEUDCG6RGAGU7Z426ZAKGJ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"fc1aaecdbc9ea33de0cb80fbc687f7daeef53bf6be76052b6e4fee0b50f4eef4","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2023-09-11T18:00:09Z","title_canon_sha256":"73576361664a54570d919ad26475d72b6d66cbba059250a4c8bd81e01054f731"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2309.05718","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2309.05718","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:10:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2309.05718v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:10:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2309.05718","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:10:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NHPVYEUDCG6R","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:10:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NHPVYEUDCG6RGAGU","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:10:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NHPVYEUD","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:10:28Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b9fbaad8be128d272b4cd8f0fa820b935b5421e145ba03e9f715edbb5e58c6dd","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:10:28Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2309.05718/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We have conducted long-slit spectroscopic observations and analyzed archival radio data for the ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX) NGC 4861 X-1. Our spectral line analysis unveils that NGC 4861 X-1 is the fourth ULX situated within an X-ray photoionized nebula, following three previous findings made approximately two decades ago. Remarkably, we discover NGC 4861 X-1 also possesses a radio nebula emitting optically thin synchrotron radiation, which contradicts its X-ray photoionization and raises doubts about the four ULXs being a mere coincidence. Instead of gradually accumulating from different","authors_text":"Alexandr Vinokurov, Antonio Cabrera-Lavers, Hang Gong, Jifeng Liu, Liang Wang, Ryan Urquhart, Sergei Fabrika, Yu Bai","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2023-09-11T18:00:09Z","title":"Discovery of An X-ray Photoionized Optical Nebula and A Radio Nebula Associated with the ULX NGC 4861 X-1"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2309.05718","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:531c68d2f71d53fe9b460f1bb498645d88bf1bf32f91e4d91f129092213619b3","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:10:28Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"fc1aaecdbc9ea33de0cb80fbc687f7daeef53bf6be76052b6e4fee0b50f4eef4","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2023-09-11T18:00:09Z","title_canon_sha256":"73576361664a54570d919ad26475d72b6d66cbba059250a4c8bd81e01054f731"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2309.05718","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"69df5c128311bd1300d4fe79af640a326bae8476cea08cf63b8aafbeebb244fa","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"69df5c128311bd1300d4fe79af640a326bae8476cea08cf63b8aafbeebb244fa","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:10:28.002513Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:10:28.002513Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"GVLbzR2Hd/jBEBOfrtnIOv5NUb1uDsm71tRDFUEHQ4Jll8Yea0MCOhsKdFecx6wv/WniDdygRp4pir0cI2sfBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:10:28.002952Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2309.05718","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:531c68d2f71d53fe9b460f1bb498645d88bf1bf32f91e4d91f129092213619b3","sha256:b9fbaad8be128d272b4cd8f0fa820b935b5421e145ba03e9f715edbb5e58c6dd"],"state_sha256":"428deddb3287bd300fa481b3791f142bd768e6ee627014f783ce2f3dbd08aaf1"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"1j/1zfU/rcNiVCqvcZO0s9Ndz01bCt7dm3tj1iD7LdWQG5tkRMj44CgBUGMVAj2rPtdolMshYdDCUp5JcKpZBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T04:30:00.135138Z","bundle_sha256":"ea32db9491b4b1d62f94506359a88fa0a9363793c073b51de8da5a321ce00dac"}}