{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:NI3JPZ4IKTK4I2I7NPEZ656MG2","short_pith_number":"pith:NI3JPZ4I","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1512.07325","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2015-12-23T01:31:16Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a8f2242bf1befa28b38a35cd72bd4bc37bab85fd5a24ab8a2e8f04535f4e80ad","abstract_canon_sha256":"727b481459822098c93b155c2b86859f2a0fdf48d12a22e848c41a6998d84d2b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6a3697e78854d5c4691f6bc99f77cc36865f14d98d82ebd898c2001ead459ee2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1512.07325","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1512.07325","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1512.07325v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1512.07325","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NI3JPZ4IKTK4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NI3JPZ4IKTK4I2I7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NI3JPZ4I","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:32Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:NI3JPZ4IKTK4I2I7NPEZ656MG2","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1512.07325","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2015-12-23T01:31:16Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a8f2242bf1befa28b38a35cd72bd4bc37bab85fd5a24ab8a2e8f04535f4e80ad","abstract_canon_sha256":"727b481459822098c93b155c2b86859f2a0fdf48d12a22e848c41a6998d84d2b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6a3697e78854d5c4691f6bc99f77cc36865f14d98d82ebd898c2001ead459ee2","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:12.591251Z","signature_b64":"uYjhGz0ZuVlnejjFT7XaNDJJ7yEAVgxbMApChxdVzz/JQtxG28zihiyQCnvl45KENvqfNeOfn3b6CHTljk/dCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6a3697e78854d5c4691f6bc99f77cc36865f14d98d82ebd898c2001ead459ee2","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:12.590829Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:12.590829Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1512.07325","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"1xaOvl/F2sabH22z8MlARc9KC5KhU+uSR/58CNYX73OpTYNl9JJNKW9GSmUeuRPkxfwHFrcuJFKU5bwfBg0MDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-29T18:08:02.075669Z"},"content_sha256":"57b5f14eeb9699b7495d72ae57a16dfe46f3a836d20cb31a4d93af19baf8469d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:57b5f14eeb9699b7495d72ae57a16dfe46f3a836d20cb31a4d93af19baf8469d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:NI3JPZ4IKTK4I2I7NPEZ656MG2","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Degeneracy, degree, and heavy tails in quantum annealing","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Andrew D. King, Emile Hoskinson, Evgeny Andriyash, Mohammad H. Amin, Trevor Lanting","submitted_at":"2015-12-23T01:31:16Z","abstract_excerpt":"Both simulated quantum annealing and physical quantum annealing have shown the emergence of \"heavy tails\" in their performance as optimizers: The total time needed to solve a set of random input instances is dominated by a small number of very hard instances. Classical simulated annealing, in contrast, does not show such heavy tails. Here we explore the origin of these heavy tails, which appear for inputs with high local degeneracy---large isoenergetic clusters of states in Hamming space. This category includes the low-precision Chimera-structured problems studied in recent benchmarking work c"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1512.07325","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"hZ/3bVTXkxxAgMu/ILAk4hlZIsLb9EipYolpPP4SkfM2pgjD7pPfRv+bHFdT5HexVsmoYJYJngW8DgrWM8epDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-29T18:08:02.076024Z"},"content_sha256":"b829df7debf0a798103cf7ba534142b006e45b2fff47adb3cc4419b753f4ad71","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b829df7debf0a798103cf7ba534142b006e45b2fff47adb3cc4419b753f4ad71"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NI3JPZ4IKTK4I2I7NPEZ656MG2/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NI3JPZ4IKTK4I2I7NPEZ656MG2/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NI3JPZ4IKTK4I2I7NPEZ656MG2/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-29T18:08:02Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NI3JPZ4IKTK4I2I7NPEZ656MG2","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NI3JPZ4IKTK4I2I7NPEZ656MG2/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NI3JPZ4IKTK4I2I7NPEZ656MG2/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NI3JPZ4IKTK4I2I7NPEZ656MG2/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:NI3JPZ4IKTK4I2I7NPEZ656MG2","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"727b481459822098c93b155c2b86859f2a0fdf48d12a22e848c41a6998d84d2b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2015-12-23T01:31:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"a8f2242bf1befa28b38a35cd72bd4bc37bab85fd5a24ab8a2e8f04535f4e80ad"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1512.07325","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1512.07325","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1512.07325v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1512.07325","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NI3JPZ4IKTK4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NI3JPZ4IKTK4I2I7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NI3JPZ4I","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:32Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b829df7debf0a798103cf7ba534142b006e45b2fff47adb3cc4419b753f4ad71","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Both simulated quantum annealing and physical quantum annealing have shown the emergence of \"heavy tails\" in their performance as optimizers: The total time needed to solve a set of random input instances is dominated by a small number of very hard instances. Classical simulated annealing, in contrast, does not show such heavy tails. Here we explore the origin of these heavy tails, which appear for inputs with high local degeneracy---large isoenergetic clusters of states in Hamming space. This category includes the low-precision Chimera-structured problems studied in recent benchmarking work c","authors_text":"Andrew D. King, Emile Hoskinson, Evgeny Andriyash, Mohammad H. Amin, Trevor Lanting","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2015-12-23T01:31:16Z","title":"Degeneracy, degree, and heavy tails in quantum annealing"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1512.07325","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:57b5f14eeb9699b7495d72ae57a16dfe46f3a836d20cb31a4d93af19baf8469d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"727b481459822098c93b155c2b86859f2a0fdf48d12a22e848c41a6998d84d2b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2015-12-23T01:31:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"a8f2242bf1befa28b38a35cd72bd4bc37bab85fd5a24ab8a2e8f04535f4e80ad"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1512.07325","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"6a3697e78854d5c4691f6bc99f77cc36865f14d98d82ebd898c2001ead459ee2","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6a3697e78854d5c4691f6bc99f77cc36865f14d98d82ebd898c2001ead459ee2","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:12.590829Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:12.590829Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"uYjhGz0ZuVlnejjFT7XaNDJJ7yEAVgxbMApChxdVzz/JQtxG28zihiyQCnvl45KENvqfNeOfn3b6CHTljk/dCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:12.591251Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1512.07325","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:57b5f14eeb9699b7495d72ae57a16dfe46f3a836d20cb31a4d93af19baf8469d","sha256:b829df7debf0a798103cf7ba534142b006e45b2fff47adb3cc4419b753f4ad71"],"state_sha256":"b97e6348bd24ec6f68b740222a075e704d07b17b29b8ae57434ae655dea4a1f5"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"FNItUBNtP3iTfu1c8bFYExppAL8p2imt3deRK1AX6n7w9bpekkVz9yFC8jRvofyqMVQP9wnPNuoEZcpJfa4ODA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-29T18:08:02.078351Z","bundle_sha256":"ea8795b14ffcf6a5fcb27f252c2ec3148ea59992b07ea2a3fd09740b6a9ee55b"}}