{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:NIWNJS3KDRJAJ7WDNVFHIEPGNV","short_pith_number":"pith:NIWNJS3K","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1607.08853","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CE","submitted_at":"2016-07-29T15:45:42Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d8cf66d4e1713a2327be73df08856b0afd6ee298a81f612bc7db453ab7e2fe93","abstract_canon_sha256":"229b3905e5c48b25690c71d2af3cf4d43e4e19a27c062e30d28cad0d7979fa9b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6a2cd4cb6a1c5204fec36d4a7411e66d400fef4bf8dd32db74e581c7fe10b21a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1607.08853","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1607.08853","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1607.08853v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1607.08853","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NIWNJS3KDRJA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NIWNJS3KDRJAJ7WD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NIWNJS3K","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:32Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:NIWNJS3KDRJAJ7WDNVFHIEPGNV","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1607.08853","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CE","submitted_at":"2016-07-29T15:45:42Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d8cf66d4e1713a2327be73df08856b0afd6ee298a81f612bc7db453ab7e2fe93","abstract_canon_sha256":"229b3905e5c48b25690c71d2af3cf4d43e4e19a27c062e30d28cad0d7979fa9b"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6a2cd4cb6a1c5204fec36d4a7411e66d400fef4bf8dd32db74e581c7fe10b21a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:16.387428Z","signature_b64":"JCXjN1fqGAPUz54mwi+sDhdgAuOhGFL8Mpg3/KmtMDzV/yCQIhEKw+0uoi4p6g4N19aLigOK2xbOLz86hkXjDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6a2cd4cb6a1c5204fec36d4a7411e66d400fef4bf8dd32db74e581c7fe10b21a","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:16.386955Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:16.386955Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1607.08853","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"bHvKyHxcr4V/kZDnGTV0NAaTdMyQ/Wuy1c54RWvLYG31XutXSRtgvBNTlo5WZjYXqybeQvAzJaBSuPtAiLVmBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T20:11:12.594238Z"},"content_sha256":"0b652c35409c1190aa837a852d57830e8520455bba5ae3d3b87e3a6cdc605cd8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0b652c35409c1190aa837a852d57830e8520455bba5ae3d3b87e3a6cdc605cd8"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:NIWNJS3KDRJAJ7WDNVFHIEPGNV","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Unified Approach for Beam-to-Beam Contact","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CE","authors_text":"Alexander Popp, Christoph Meier, Wolfgang A. Wall","submitted_at":"2016-07-29T15:45:42Z","abstract_excerpt":"Existing beam contact formulations can be categorized in point contact models that consider a discrete contact force at the closest point of the beams, and line contact models that assume distributed contact forces. In this work, it will be shown that line contact formulations provide accurate and robust mechanical models in the range of small contact angles, whereas the computational efficiency considerably decreases with increasing contact angles. On the other hand, point contact formulations serve as sufficiently accurate and very efficient models in the regime of large contact angles, whil"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1607.08853","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"2CUZ+9KoF8cOTf15ny6rZtOsTBcnVIBMsd+LTokMp60H48vEYI9yZ/uPQT8fpJTto+E2+gY7PRazyUUyAyKbDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T20:11:12.594601Z"},"content_sha256":"3ccb07f60a57b065d5b072a26688ed450c4d71c5fac514cb03fea211097992be","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3ccb07f60a57b065d5b072a26688ed450c4d71c5fac514cb03fea211097992be"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NIWNJS3KDRJAJ7WDNVFHIEPGNV/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NIWNJS3KDRJAJ7WDNVFHIEPGNV/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NIWNJS3KDRJAJ7WDNVFHIEPGNV/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-04T20:11:12Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NIWNJS3KDRJAJ7WDNVFHIEPGNV","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NIWNJS3KDRJAJ7WDNVFHIEPGNV/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NIWNJS3KDRJAJ7WDNVFHIEPGNV/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NIWNJS3KDRJAJ7WDNVFHIEPGNV/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:NIWNJS3KDRJAJ7WDNVFHIEPGNV","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"229b3905e5c48b25690c71d2af3cf4d43e4e19a27c062e30d28cad0d7979fa9b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CE","submitted_at":"2016-07-29T15:45:42Z","title_canon_sha256":"d8cf66d4e1713a2327be73df08856b0afd6ee298a81f612bc7db453ab7e2fe93"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1607.08853","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1607.08853","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1607.08853v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1607.08853","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NIWNJS3KDRJA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NIWNJS3KDRJAJ7WD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NIWNJS3K","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:32Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:3ccb07f60a57b065d5b072a26688ed450c4d71c5fac514cb03fea211097992be","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Existing beam contact formulations can be categorized in point contact models that consider a discrete contact force at the closest point of the beams, and line contact models that assume distributed contact forces. In this work, it will be shown that line contact formulations provide accurate and robust mechanical models in the range of small contact angles, whereas the computational efficiency considerably decreases with increasing contact angles. On the other hand, point contact formulations serve as sufficiently accurate and very efficient models in the regime of large contact angles, whil","authors_text":"Alexander Popp, Christoph Meier, Wolfgang A. Wall","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CE","submitted_at":"2016-07-29T15:45:42Z","title":"A Unified Approach for Beam-to-Beam Contact"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1607.08853","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0b652c35409c1190aa837a852d57830e8520455bba5ae3d3b87e3a6cdc605cd8","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"229b3905e5c48b25690c71d2af3cf4d43e4e19a27c062e30d28cad0d7979fa9b","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CE","submitted_at":"2016-07-29T15:45:42Z","title_canon_sha256":"d8cf66d4e1713a2327be73df08856b0afd6ee298a81f612bc7db453ab7e2fe93"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1607.08853","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"6a2cd4cb6a1c5204fec36d4a7411e66d400fef4bf8dd32db74e581c7fe10b21a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6a2cd4cb6a1c5204fec36d4a7411e66d400fef4bf8dd32db74e581c7fe10b21a","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:16.386955Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:16.386955Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"JCXjN1fqGAPUz54mwi+sDhdgAuOhGFL8Mpg3/KmtMDzV/yCQIhEKw+0uoi4p6g4N19aLigOK2xbOLz86hkXjDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:16.387428Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1607.08853","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0b652c35409c1190aa837a852d57830e8520455bba5ae3d3b87e3a6cdc605cd8","sha256:3ccb07f60a57b065d5b072a26688ed450c4d71c5fac514cb03fea211097992be"],"state_sha256":"359789a4a7bdb61664981f973aae973709b73588789ee03aaa0d7fd9341149ef"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"M2Xo0UtcKLzvpvMUDUnIWyhjI8pRUY4xXtw8Lgdj7cbIiwL97zc8bxeyXUoMo5kxWlWm4HBw+efig1P91n04CQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T20:11:12.596644Z","bundle_sha256":"7c2668fa54ff3204b965edefe209d1e5baa328eb219df78886670a52788d5cb2"}}