{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:NIY63YDDDTT7YNX45DKF6QEVNI","short_pith_number":"pith:NIY63YDD","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1401.3471","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2014-01-15T05:28:54Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"771ec15d83685bafe2ef7c23482f3d30f9102808c3cf2551d380b9f41b0f197d","abstract_canon_sha256":"4f4646ab85a498781789602a12421caaa043067f8e1255a683d220100746d5d9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6a31ede0631ce7fc36fce8d45f40956a0b82f6dd7337a519dc473a642398425f","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1401.3471","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1401.3471","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:02:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1401.3471v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:02:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1401.3471","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:02:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NIY63YDDDTT7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NIY63YDDDTT7YNX4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NIY63YDD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:NIY63YDDDTT7YNX45DKF6QEVNI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1401.3471","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2014-01-15T05:28:54Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"771ec15d83685bafe2ef7c23482f3d30f9102808c3cf2551d380b9f41b0f197d","abstract_canon_sha256":"4f4646ab85a498781789602a12421caaa043067f8e1255a683d220100746d5d9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6a31ede0631ce7fc36fce8d45f40956a0b82f6dd7337a519dc473a642398425f","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:02:08.853080Z","signature_b64":"45hk7jjwMPN+0rnWfm6paoRWI1ddCmenY2P0WjAelIudon4FCANRU8/beExK4RXtJbRQONKHkPLdzbhAtoOEAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6a31ede0631ce7fc36fce8d45f40956a0b82f6dd7337a519dc473a642398425f","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:02:08.852295Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:02:08.852295Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1401.3471","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:02:08Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/cqjjX+jvB679d+0+NQ9vrAP5DiTaekJiQ33kK59f0cdaPkKxPk+yrmfa/htMfaB1CsRCSNC3QxMr8/6nVzrDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T20:20:38.641123Z"},"content_sha256":"ab6a4b9d82cf6ebdff1e9d681687ead745add14d73e0f0c7cb0867dc95fee134","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ab6a4b9d82cf6ebdff1e9d681687ead745add14d73e0f0c7cb0867dc95fee134"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:NIY63YDDDTT7YNX45DKF6QEVNI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Conservative Inference Rule for Uncertain Reasoning under Incompleteness","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.AI","authors_text":"Enrique Miranda, Marco Zaffalon","submitted_at":"2014-01-15T05:28:54Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper we formulate the problem of inference under incomplete information in very general terms. This includes modelling the process responsible for the incompleteness, which we call the incompleteness process. We allow the process behaviour to be partly unknown. Then we use Walleys theory of coherent lower previsions, a generalisation of the Bayesian theory to imprecision, to derive the rule to update beliefs under incompleteness that logically follows from our assumptions, and that we call conservative inference rule. This rule has some remarkable properties: it is an abstract rule to"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1401.3471","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:02:08Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"1KpHKHc/umDK2ROAhhX8s6WByp9hou7y+h+EdmzTbKzTvnW+/HFDrJRmqHwVdSs9O3jJRgWfC+Odggvo0HG7Cw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T20:20:38.641787Z"},"content_sha256":"15b796d19479bb577e3881503ab80b7c3dec381e7a5f3477bec9b6680f1c992b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:15b796d19479bb577e3881503ab80b7c3dec381e7a5f3477bec9b6680f1c992b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NIY63YDDDTT7YNX45DKF6QEVNI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NIY63YDDDTT7YNX45DKF6QEVNI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NIY63YDDDTT7YNX45DKF6QEVNI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T20:20:38Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NIY63YDDDTT7YNX45DKF6QEVNI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NIY63YDDDTT7YNX45DKF6QEVNI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NIY63YDDDTT7YNX45DKF6QEVNI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NIY63YDDDTT7YNX45DKF6QEVNI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:NIY63YDDDTT7YNX45DKF6QEVNI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4f4646ab85a498781789602a12421caaa043067f8e1255a683d220100746d5d9","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2014-01-15T05:28:54Z","title_canon_sha256":"771ec15d83685bafe2ef7c23482f3d30f9102808c3cf2551d380b9f41b0f197d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1401.3471","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1401.3471","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:02:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1401.3471v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:02:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1401.3471","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:02:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NIY63YDDDTT7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NIY63YDDDTT7YNX4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NIY63YDD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:41Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:15b796d19479bb577e3881503ab80b7c3dec381e7a5f3477bec9b6680f1c992b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:02:08Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this paper we formulate the problem of inference under incomplete information in very general terms. This includes modelling the process responsible for the incompleteness, which we call the incompleteness process. We allow the process behaviour to be partly unknown. Then we use Walleys theory of coherent lower previsions, a generalisation of the Bayesian theory to imprecision, to derive the rule to update beliefs under incompleteness that logically follows from our assumptions, and that we call conservative inference rule. This rule has some remarkable properties: it is an abstract rule to","authors_text":"Enrique Miranda, Marco Zaffalon","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2014-01-15T05:28:54Z","title":"Conservative Inference Rule for Uncertain Reasoning under Incompleteness"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1401.3471","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ab6a4b9d82cf6ebdff1e9d681687ead745add14d73e0f0c7cb0867dc95fee134","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:02:08Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4f4646ab85a498781789602a12421caaa043067f8e1255a683d220100746d5d9","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2014-01-15T05:28:54Z","title_canon_sha256":"771ec15d83685bafe2ef7c23482f3d30f9102808c3cf2551d380b9f41b0f197d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1401.3471","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"6a31ede0631ce7fc36fce8d45f40956a0b82f6dd7337a519dc473a642398425f","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6a31ede0631ce7fc36fce8d45f40956a0b82f6dd7337a519dc473a642398425f","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:02:08.852295Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:02:08.852295Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"45hk7jjwMPN+0rnWfm6paoRWI1ddCmenY2P0WjAelIudon4FCANRU8/beExK4RXtJbRQONKHkPLdzbhAtoOEAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:02:08.853080Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1401.3471","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ab6a4b9d82cf6ebdff1e9d681687ead745add14d73e0f0c7cb0867dc95fee134","sha256:15b796d19479bb577e3881503ab80b7c3dec381e7a5f3477bec9b6680f1c992b"],"state_sha256":"04a13ea7dd5596f6a6c42a35657aed0794c9e628636aa666a584a47c8ea1c177"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"G/w/j8WB+5u3kstrVmjsmKDqUQyW6sKpxKgWZtopkOW2m/KH8ITJDOeYB7wzJC4kZMz2wmaGULpuFSS1qwSUDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T20:20:38.645099Z","bundle_sha256":"9ab645e08c15d7c90c61d27d8b12e34cb172104eefa71486f014ae41342479ff"}}