{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:NJQEFPJIPEWNRONNOSWWYSTOXL","short_pith_number":"pith:NJQEFPJI","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1709.00561","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2017-09-02T10:43:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"5b9e4872bdecc67b838c80a9f9f2c38ddf1b6ebcc0b7d2ed040911341f585784","abstract_canon_sha256":"e59a9472a403daf30081cd4dce20b80cb399bad46eac3b218b571e608af610a7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6a6042bd28792cd8b9ad74ad6c4a6ebad5b4eab4f59d5b5d576bb4b35920b2d3","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1709.00561","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1709.00561","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1709.00561v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1709.00561","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NJQEFPJIPEWN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NJQEFPJIPEWNRONN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NJQEFPJI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:NJQEFPJIPEWNRONNOSWWYSTOXL","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1709.00561","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2017-09-02T10:43:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"5b9e4872bdecc67b838c80a9f9f2c38ddf1b6ebcc0b7d2ed040911341f585784","abstract_canon_sha256":"e59a9472a403daf30081cd4dce20b80cb399bad46eac3b218b571e608af610a7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6a6042bd28792cd8b9ad74ad6c4a6ebad5b4eab4f59d5b5d576bb4b35920b2d3","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:43.698871Z","signature_b64":"/fDnd/7JIYlVp7B194AUSrLYTO6JUsnbg19B81znNvq8wlP50jot1rtGV3i1zbbYE85oLW9if484lF5nftpnCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6a6042bd28792cd8b9ad74ad6c4a6ebad5b4eab4f59d5b5d576bb4b35920b2d3","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:43.698233Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:43.698233Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1709.00561","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:43Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9b7alwUGyccpHDZBRu2VznRnob72Tv1KhZtFG7u1aIs7tZ1girC0A7hTr/n3q9JNR/MceEP4YIq3H1RhYUIaCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-07T14:27:32.300327Z"},"content_sha256":"cb9d5a5c11506e19a0a8e61227dc8a627f7772141777977eadd7052aa4084991","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cb9d5a5c11506e19a0a8e61227dc8a627f7772141777977eadd7052aa4084991"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:NJQEFPJIPEWNRONNOSWWYSTOXL","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Hydrocode modeling of the spallation process during hypervelocity impacts: Implications for the ejection of Martian meteorites","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","authors_text":"Hidenori Genda, Kosuke Kurosawa, Takaya Okamoto","submitted_at":"2017-09-02T10:43:48Z","abstract_excerpt":"Hypervelocity ejection of material by impact spallation is considered a plausible mechanism for material exchange between two planetary bodies. We have modeled the spallation process during vertical impacts over a range of impact velocities from 6 to 21 km/s using both grid- and particle-based hydrocode models. The Tillotson equations of state, which are able to treat the nonlinear dependence of density on pressure and thermal pressure in the strongly shocked matter, were used to study the hydrodynamic and thermodynamic response after impacts. The effects of material strength and gravitational"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1709.00561","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:43Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"G+0S7eQEA9Mc7kQk6JV74BYBVcHpAp0G07nVVe98dY1e4EqMBwFTYq/MqaRZa2orQjk1svEUnxX3oon94UmzBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-07T14:27:32.300936Z"},"content_sha256":"64016c989ad86fc47e13c92997bc6a6e548b654939e9cf8796c7fd497a28c020","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:64016c989ad86fc47e13c92997bc6a6e548b654939e9cf8796c7fd497a28c020"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NJQEFPJIPEWNRONNOSWWYSTOXL/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NJQEFPJIPEWNRONNOSWWYSTOXL/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NJQEFPJIPEWNRONNOSWWYSTOXL/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-07T14:27:32Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NJQEFPJIPEWNRONNOSWWYSTOXL","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NJQEFPJIPEWNRONNOSWWYSTOXL/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NJQEFPJIPEWNRONNOSWWYSTOXL/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NJQEFPJIPEWNRONNOSWWYSTOXL/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:NJQEFPJIPEWNRONNOSWWYSTOXL","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e59a9472a403daf30081cd4dce20b80cb399bad46eac3b218b571e608af610a7","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2017-09-02T10:43:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"5b9e4872bdecc67b838c80a9f9f2c38ddf1b6ebcc0b7d2ed040911341f585784"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1709.00561","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1709.00561","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1709.00561v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1709.00561","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NJQEFPJIPEWN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NJQEFPJIPEWNRONN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NJQEFPJI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:64016c989ad86fc47e13c92997bc6a6e548b654939e9cf8796c7fd497a28c020","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:43Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Hypervelocity ejection of material by impact spallation is considered a plausible mechanism for material exchange between two planetary bodies. We have modeled the spallation process during vertical impacts over a range of impact velocities from 6 to 21 km/s using both grid- and particle-based hydrocode models. The Tillotson equations of state, which are able to treat the nonlinear dependence of density on pressure and thermal pressure in the strongly shocked matter, were used to study the hydrodynamic and thermodynamic response after impacts. The effects of material strength and gravitational","authors_text":"Hidenori Genda, Kosuke Kurosawa, Takaya Okamoto","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2017-09-02T10:43:48Z","title":"Hydrocode modeling of the spallation process during hypervelocity impacts: Implications for the ejection of Martian meteorites"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1709.00561","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:cb9d5a5c11506e19a0a8e61227dc8a627f7772141777977eadd7052aa4084991","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:43Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e59a9472a403daf30081cd4dce20b80cb399bad46eac3b218b571e608af610a7","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2017-09-02T10:43:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"5b9e4872bdecc67b838c80a9f9f2c38ddf1b6ebcc0b7d2ed040911341f585784"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1709.00561","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"6a6042bd28792cd8b9ad74ad6c4a6ebad5b4eab4f59d5b5d576bb4b35920b2d3","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6a6042bd28792cd8b9ad74ad6c4a6ebad5b4eab4f59d5b5d576bb4b35920b2d3","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:43.698233Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:43.698233Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"/fDnd/7JIYlVp7B194AUSrLYTO6JUsnbg19B81znNvq8wlP50jot1rtGV3i1zbbYE85oLW9if484lF5nftpnCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:27:43.698871Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1709.00561","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:cb9d5a5c11506e19a0a8e61227dc8a627f7772141777977eadd7052aa4084991","sha256:64016c989ad86fc47e13c92997bc6a6e548b654939e9cf8796c7fd497a28c020"],"state_sha256":"e89a4f56a015f90b7a250802a0787f24ccde1d90eb73ef02008a5ab614f634d8"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"yLu5m866fRqCaNLgdit9YV2xHyJyG1QahrssHDWMF5a41G9fgelQsNqh43lJh9DD9xStHanp9m0BJrzvFOOBBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-07T14:27:32.305438Z","bundle_sha256":"fe88ae971f683a293cd6585ee63008782b1577ec8b250a78c842dfc0e5fb0971"}}