{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:NLGZKW55MQCUSCIZHSLQBI4WXD","short_pith_number":"pith:NLGZKW55","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1704.04644","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2017-04-15T14:58:50Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"ef75b0b85ba2f4493c3d9b8bbd8a5dcd06559bfaf03e6d6721138154ecb09d57","abstract_canon_sha256":"8239f41050bca1276536ef517f097099d10685cd7843db7ce360a9ecb50d0511"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6acd955bbd64054909193c9700a396b8ea86c96e4aa5b26119aeb16f27a7c44b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1704.04644","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1704.04644","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1704.04644v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1704.04644","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NLGZKW55MQCU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NLGZKW55MQCUSCIZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NLGZKW55","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:NLGZKW55MQCUSCIZHSLQBI4WXD","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1704.04644","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2017-04-15T14:58:50Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"ef75b0b85ba2f4493c3d9b8bbd8a5dcd06559bfaf03e6d6721138154ecb09d57","abstract_canon_sha256":"8239f41050bca1276536ef517f097099d10685cd7843db7ce360a9ecb50d0511"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6acd955bbd64054909193c9700a396b8ea86c96e4aa5b26119aeb16f27a7c44b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:31.913671Z","signature_b64":"FbiIK039CZux53IeukXotBqx0qL1hiaijmTnN+HxixNaL68vbtjHy5e+Hm+AazIoVh6JbuXrjJeTMy39KHywDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6acd955bbd64054909193c9700a396b8ea86c96e4aa5b26119aeb16f27a7c44b","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:31.913153Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:31.913153Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1704.04644","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:31Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"uRa/UIoo3tR3F0Xjp0NJShYEmn9pWdyIFoisdYDXyc0rB2n+Irma1ywq3mlQwDhTgNwK4G1OrW9LHZEcW+BXBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-20T11:56:37.101199Z"},"content_sha256":"71f74f28531a36fb2fdc30f311bfb9e06bd627d7513ea30bfb9a6c2a76d1b961","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:71f74f28531a36fb2fdc30f311bfb9e06bd627d7513ea30bfb9a6c2a76d1b961"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:NLGZKW55MQCUSCIZHSLQBI4WXD","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Comparison of electricity market designs for stable decentralized power grids","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","authors_text":"Hildegard Meyer-Ortmanns, Jobst Heitzig, Sabine Auer","submitted_at":"2017-04-15T14:58:50Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this study, we develop a theoretical model of strategic equilibrium bidding and price-setting behaviour by heterogeneous and boundedly rational electricity producers and a grid operator in a single electricity market under uncertain information about production capabilities and electricity demand.\n  We compare eight different market design variants and several levels of centralized electricity production that influence the spatial distribution of producers in the grid, their unit production and curtailment costs, and the mean and standard deviation of their production capabilities.\n  Our ma"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1704.04644","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:31Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"3RfkAwhdjYxo+0S+mNbNCkb0zS9E6ArkDF/QPTjx9nSNVLgz45EmWmVAPaLAHqfRFHlKT3gLBJd+WVANz+83Bw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-20T11:56:37.101560Z"},"content_sha256":"fa7bcb1db15e4c1c7b2e368554da76203538295ded145623dab2a3a2c4ab51ab","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:fa7bcb1db15e4c1c7b2e368554da76203538295ded145623dab2a3a2c4ab51ab"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NLGZKW55MQCUSCIZHSLQBI4WXD/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NLGZKW55MQCUSCIZHSLQBI4WXD/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NLGZKW55MQCUSCIZHSLQBI4WXD/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-20T11:56:37Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NLGZKW55MQCUSCIZHSLQBI4WXD","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NLGZKW55MQCUSCIZHSLQBI4WXD/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NLGZKW55MQCUSCIZHSLQBI4WXD/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NLGZKW55MQCUSCIZHSLQBI4WXD/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:NLGZKW55MQCUSCIZHSLQBI4WXD","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8239f41050bca1276536ef517f097099d10685cd7843db7ce360a9ecb50d0511","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2017-04-15T14:58:50Z","title_canon_sha256":"ef75b0b85ba2f4493c3d9b8bbd8a5dcd06559bfaf03e6d6721138154ecb09d57"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1704.04644","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1704.04644","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1704.04644v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1704.04644","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NLGZKW55MQCU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NLGZKW55MQCUSCIZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NLGZKW55","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:fa7bcb1db15e4c1c7b2e368554da76203538295ded145623dab2a3a2c4ab51ab","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:31Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this study, we develop a theoretical model of strategic equilibrium bidding and price-setting behaviour by heterogeneous and boundedly rational electricity producers and a grid operator in a single electricity market under uncertain information about production capabilities and electricity demand.\n  We compare eight different market design variants and several levels of centralized electricity production that influence the spatial distribution of producers in the grid, their unit production and curtailment costs, and the mean and standard deviation of their production capabilities.\n  Our ma","authors_text":"Hildegard Meyer-Ortmanns, Jobst Heitzig, Sabine Auer","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2017-04-15T14:58:50Z","title":"Comparison of electricity market designs for stable decentralized power grids"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1704.04644","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:71f74f28531a36fb2fdc30f311bfb9e06bd627d7513ea30bfb9a6c2a76d1b961","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:31Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8239f41050bca1276536ef517f097099d10685cd7843db7ce360a9ecb50d0511","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2017-04-15T14:58:50Z","title_canon_sha256":"ef75b0b85ba2f4493c3d9b8bbd8a5dcd06559bfaf03e6d6721138154ecb09d57"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1704.04644","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"6acd955bbd64054909193c9700a396b8ea86c96e4aa5b26119aeb16f27a7c44b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6acd955bbd64054909193c9700a396b8ea86c96e4aa5b26119aeb16f27a7c44b","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:31.913153Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:31.913153Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"FbiIK039CZux53IeukXotBqx0qL1hiaijmTnN+HxixNaL68vbtjHy5e+Hm+AazIoVh6JbuXrjJeTMy39KHywDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:45:31.913671Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1704.04644","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:71f74f28531a36fb2fdc30f311bfb9e06bd627d7513ea30bfb9a6c2a76d1b961","sha256:fa7bcb1db15e4c1c7b2e368554da76203538295ded145623dab2a3a2c4ab51ab"],"state_sha256":"b3cd94513c7879405ccc655491f4a34d573c041fef42188e21c8c3abb6212a1d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KGXKQvGQeD4vxupajmxXwRwbVLvL5rvAUj3XHD++QoaqUoLNfKT34+ejae3kQIYd2kX63lcxNPI9voFHyrrpBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-20T11:56:37.103485Z","bundle_sha256":"58aeb5251dc3ef8a49be3dd80f85add358a77112ecc0d2cc2e42eeb6d16c0162"}}